Improved glycemic control with minimal systemic metformin exposure: Effects of Metformin Delayed-Release (Metformin DR) targeting the lower bowel over 16 weeks in a randomized trial in subjects with type 2 diabetes

Metformin Treatment in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3A, 3B, or 4

(2018) Jean-Daniel Lalau et al.   DIABETES CARE

Epidemiology and outcomes of hypoglycemia in patients with advanced diabetic kidney disease on dialysis: A national cohort study

(2017) Yeh-Wen Chu et al.   PLoS One

[11C]-Labeled Metformin Distribution in the Liver and Small Intestine Using Dynamic Positron Emission Tomography in Mice Demonstrates Tissue-Specific Transporter Dependency

(2016) Jonas B. Jensen et al.   DIABETES

Once-daily delayed-release metformin lowers plasma glucose and enhances fasting and postprandial GLP-1 and PYY: results from two randomised trials

(2016) Ralph A. DeFronzo et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Metformin and the gastrointestinal tract

(2016) Laura J. McCreight et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Management of patients with diabetes and CKD: conclusions from a “Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes” (KDIGO) Controversies Conference

(2016) Vlado Perkovic et al.   KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL

Metformin-associated lactic acidosis: Current perspectives on causes and risk

(2016) Ralph DeFronzo et al.   METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL

Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centred approach. Update to a Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes

(2015) Silvio E. Inzucchi et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Chronic kidney disease and intensive glycemic control increase cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes

(2015) Vasilios Papademetriou et al.   KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL

Association of Hypoglycemia With Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

(2015) Chia-Jen Shih et al.   MEDICINE

Disentangling type 2 diabetes and metformin treatment signatures in the human gut microbiota

(2015) Kristoffer Forslund et al.   NATURE

Metformin activates a duodenal Ampk–dependent pathway to lower hepatic glucose production in rats

(2015) Frank A Duca et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Metformin use and mortality in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease: national, retrospective, observational, cohort study

(2015) Szu-Chun Hung et al.   Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

Taste of a Pill

(2014) Nora Lee et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Hypoglycemia, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Diabetes Mellitus

(2014) Mazen Alsahli et al.   MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS

Increased risk of stroke in patients with chronic kidney disease after recurrent hypoglycemia

(2014) T.-M. Yu et al.   NEUROLOGY

Novel Gut-Based Pharmacology of Metformin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

(2014) Antonella Napolitano et al.   PLoS One

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Metformin

(2011) Garry G. Graham et al.   CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS

Frequency of Hypoglycemia and Its Significance in Chronic Kidney Disease

(2009) M. F. Moen et al.   Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Metformin and the intestine

(2008) C. J. Bailey et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Mechanisms Underlying Saturable Intestinal Absorption of Metformin

(2008) W. R. Proctor et al.   DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION

Metformin-associated lactic acidosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus: incidence and presentation in common clinical practice

(2008) J. Almirall et al.   NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION