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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenxia Li, Yufen Chen, Yunting Zhang, Ning Zhao, Wanfeng Zhang, Mingyue Shi, Yan Zhao, Chunbo Cai, Chang Lu, Pengfei Gao, Xiaohong Guo, Bugao Li, Sung-Woo Kim, Yang Yang, Guoqing Cao
Summary: Pigs, especially the Mashen and Large White breeds, exhibit diverse transcriptional responses in skeletal muscle under cold stress. The Mashen pigs demonstrate stable physiological homeostasis and a strong immune response, while the Large White pigs primarily regulate heat production and energy metabolism. The PRSS8 gene plays a role in cellular energy metabolism and thermogenesis. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying cold adaptation in pigs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ifigeneia Giakoumaki, Natalie Pollock, Turki Aljuaid, Anthony J. Sannicandro, Moussira Alameddine, Euan Owen, Ioanna Myrtziou, Susan E. Ozanne, Ioannis Kanakis, Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall, Aphrodite Vasilaki
Summary: Sarcopenia is characterized by a decrease in muscle fibers and weakening of remaining fibers, resulting in reduced muscle mass and function. This study found that low-protein diet during pregnancy and early postnatal low-protein intake in mice can impact skeletal muscle physiology and favor bone integrity in adulthood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yunhong Jing, Mailin Gan, Zhongwei Xie, Jianfeng Ma, Lei Chen, Shunhua Zhang, Ye Zhao, Lili Niu, Yan Wang, Li Zhu, Linyuan Shen
Summary: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs involved in various biological processes and diseases. In this study, the weight of intrauterine growth-restricted pig longissimus dorsi was found to be significantly lower than that of normal pigs. RNA sequencing identified 333 miRNAs, of which 26 were differentially expressed. Functional analysis revealed that these differentially expressed miRNAs regulate target genes involved in skeletal muscle proliferation and differentiation. Additionally, miRNA-451 was upregulated in IUGR pig skeletal muscle and promoted myoblastic differentiation in C2C12 cells.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Asghar Ali, Eduard Murani, Frieder Hadlich, Xuan Liu, Klaus Wimmers, Siriluck Ponsuksili
Summary: The study identified 13 miRNAs in the pig fetus's longissimus dorsi muscle significantly correlated to fetal weight, with their expression decreasing as fetal weight increased. Additionally, 1315 genes were found to be significantly correlated to fetal weight at 63 days post conception, with 135 genes identified as potential targets of the miRNAs mentioned above.Paths and biological processes important for fetal growth, development, and metabolism were enriched by these miRNAs and their target genes, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for prenatal fetal health and growth.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher G. Vann, Robert W. Morton, Christopher B. Mobley, Ivan J. Vechetti, Brian K. Ferguson, Cody T. Haun, Shelby C. Osburn, Casey L. Sexton, Carlton D. Fox, Matthew A. Romero, Paul A. Roberson, Sara Y. Oikawa, Chris McGlory, Kaelin C. Young, John J. McCarthy, Stuart M. Phillips, Michael D. Roberts
Summary: This study examined the association between genotype and resistance training-induced changes in lean soft tissue mass and muscle fiber cross-sectional area, identifying potential links between GLI3 gene variant and hypertrophic responses. Future studies are needed to confirm this association.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chunhuai Yang, Chunwei Cao, Jiali Liu, Ying Zhao, Jianfei Pan, Cong Tao, Yanfang Wang
Summary: Cold stress leads to piglet death and economic losses. This study revealed the different transcriptional responses of skeletal muscle to cold stimulation in Tibetan pigs and Bama pigs, providing novel insights for future investigation of the cold adaptation mechanism in pigs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cynthia M. McKee, Douglas J. Chapski, Michelle Wehling-Henricks, Manuel Rosa-Garrido, Makoto Kuro-O, Thomas M. Vondriska, James G. Tidball
Summary: This study reveals that modulation of muscle stem cell numbers during early postnatal development has long-term effects on muscle growth. The anti-aging protein Klotho influences myogenesis by increasing satellite cell numbers and influencing the epigenetic regulation of genes involved in myogenesis. Klotho reduces the expression of Jmjd3, leading to decreased expression of Wnt genes and inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling, which delays muscle differentiation.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Roberta Davoli, Jacopo Vegni, Alberto Cesarani, Corrado Dimauro, Martina Zappaterra, Paolo Zambonelli
Summary: This study found that genes related to mitochondrial functions, ATP biosynthesis, calcium homeostasis, and lipid metabolism were overexpressed in low glycolytic potential (GP) pork. This suggests that events related to postmortem meat quality may occur more rapidly in low GP muscles.
Article
Sport Sciences
Christopher G. Vann, Cody T. Haun, Shelby C. Osburn, Matthew A. Romero, Paul A. Roberson, Petey W. Mumford, C. Brooks Mobley, Hudson M. Holmes, Carlton D. Fox, Kaelin C. Young, Michael D. Roberts
Summary: This study found that one week of active recovery after high-intensity training block instigates marginal molecular differences in skeletal muscle compared to passive recovery. However, from a practical standpoint, both paradigms elicited largely similar responses.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Baraldo, Leonardo Nogara, Georgia Ana Dumitras, Achille Homere Tchampda Dondjang, Alessia Geremia, Marco Scalabrin, Clara Turk, Frederik Telkamp, Lorena Zentilin, Mauro Giacca, Marcus Kruger, Bert Blaauw
Summary: Loss of Raptor diminishes muscle hypertrophy and force increase after Akt activation, indicating mTORC1 as the key mediator of Akt-dependent muscle growth regulating the mitochondrial proteome critical for enhancing muscle force.
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Nutrition & Dietetics
J. Max Michel, Kristy K. Lievense, Sam C. Norton, Juliana V. Costa, Kathryn H. Alphin, Lydia A. Bailey, Gary D. Miller
Summary: This study examined the effects of resistance training (RT) and protein intake on muscle in older adults. The results showed that RT improved muscle quality and function, and the type of protein intake did not have a significant impact on the outcomes.
Article
Biology
Pritam Sukul, Anna Richter, Christian Junghanss, Jochen K. Schubert, Wolfram Miekisch
Summary: A study has identified a substance called isoprene in the human body and revealed its production mechanism through genetic mutation research. Unlike plants, humans produce isoprene through muscle activity, which could have potential applications in human medicine.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Bruna Petry, Gabriel Costa Monteiro Moreira, Aline Goncalves Lio Copola, Marcela Maria de Souza, Fernanda Cristina da Veiga, Erika Cristina Jorge, Jane de Oliveira Peixoto, Monica Correa Ledur, James E. Koltes, Luiz Lehmann Coutinho
Summary: This study investigated the role of SAP30 gene in muscle development by downregulating it in C2C12 muscle cell culture and analyzing its impact on morphometric traits and gene expression. The results showed that modulation of SAP30 expression increased myotube area, indicating its involvement in muscle hypertrophy. RNA-seq analysis further supported the role of SAP30 gene in regulating muscle development.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Vinaya Simha, Ian R. Lanza, Surendra Dasari, Katherine A. Klaus, Nathan Le Brasseur, Ivan Vuckovic, Marcello C. Laurenti, Claudio Cobelli, John D. Port, K. Sreekumaran Nair
Summary: Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL) is characterized by muscle hypertrophy and insulin resistance. However, FPL patients do not show increased muscle strength despite their muscularity, and experience earlier fatigue during exercise. This is accompanied by impaired mitochondrial function and altered gene expression, which may explain the metabolic abnormalities and skeletal muscle dysfunction in FPL patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pinshi Ni, Luodan Yang, Fanghui Li
Summary: Exosomes are extracellular membrane vesicles containing RNA and proteins that play a crucial role in physiological and pathological processes. Skeletal muscle-derived exosomes (SkMCs-Exs) carry myokines, regulate receptor cells, and have effects on pathological states such as injury atrophy, aging, and vascular porosis. Exercise also regulates SkMCs-Exs and has physiological significance.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)