Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alexander Sorokin, Christin G. Hong, Angel M. Aponte, Elizabeth M. Florida, Jingrong Tang, Nidhi Patel, Irina N. Baranova, Haiou Li, Philip M. Parel, Vicky Chen, Sierra R. Wilson, Emily L. Ongstad, Anna Collen, Martin P. Playford, Thomas L. Eggerman, Marcus Y. Chen, Kazuhiko Kotani, Alexander Bocharov, Alan T. Remaley
Summary: In this study, we found that oxidized apolipoprotein B and oxidized ApoA-I are associated with high-risk coronary plaque features and progression in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yuqing Tan, Christina C. Tam, Shi Meng, Yan Zhang, Priscila Alves, Wallace Yokoyama
Summary: The study found that consumption of cooked black turtle beans can improve insulin resistance and lower plasma LDL levels in mice fed a high-fat diet through various pathways, and significantly affect diabetes-related biomarkers and gut microbiome.
Article
Neurosciences
Yifei Dong, Charlotte D'Mello, William Pinsky, Brian M. Lozinski, Deepak K. Kaushik, Samira Ghorbani, Dorsa Moezzi, Dennis Brown, Francisca C. Melo, Stephanie Zandee, Tina Vo, Alexandre Prat, Shawn N. Whitehead, V. Wee Yong
Summary: Oxidized phosphatidylcholines (OxPCs) found in MS lesions are potent drivers of neurodegeneration, with microglia ameliorating the effects by neutralizing OxPCs that kill neurons and oligodendrocytes. Depletion of microglia exacerbates neurodegeneration in OxPC lesions, while enhancing microglia-mediated OxPC clearance via TREM2 could help prevent neurodegeneration in MS.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ziyi Pan, Guoqing Du, Guoyu Li, Dongsheng Wu, Xingyong Chen, Zhaoyu Geng
Summary: This study investigated the effects of APOH on fat synthesis in duck myoblasts. Overexpression of APOH resulted in increased triglyceride and cholesterol contents, while knockdown of APOH reduced these lipid levels. APOH affected lipid deposition by regulating the expression of the AKT/AMPK pathway.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhenyu Wang, Yang Yang, Jiawen Zhang, Jiamiao Hu, Xin Yan, Shaoxiao Zeng, Xiujuan Huang, Shaoling Lin
Summary: The study demonstrated that ferulic acid has positive effects on reducing hepatic triglyceride accumulation in an in vitro cellular model, but did not show apparent effects on body weight, liver weight gain, blood lipid profiles, or histological abnormalities in obese mice induced by a high fat diet in vivo. Further exploration of its hepatic protective effects in rodent models and clinical trials is needed.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Wenyun Tan, Gang Wang, Gang Liu, Daofeng You, Mei Wei, Xiaojing Jin, Wei Zhao, Mingqi Zheng
Summary: This study demonstrates that miR-185-5p effectively alleviates atherosclerosis and lipid accumulation by regulating the miR-185-5p/SREBP2 axis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wakana Iwasaki, Ryo Yoshida, Hongxia Liu, Shota Hori, Yuki Otsubo, Yasutake Tanaka, Masao Sato, Satoshi Ishizuka
Summary: This study found that the ratio of 12 alpha bile acid (BA)/non-12 BA in feces is closely associated with hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation in mice fed a high-fat diet.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hong Xu, Xu Zhong, Taotao Wang, Shanshan Wu, Huanan Guan, Dongxu Wang
Summary: The study found that EGCG in green tea can alleviate PFDA-exacerbated obesity and hepatic lipid accumulation caused by a high-fat diet. The therapeutic effects of EGCG include reducing body weight gain, improving liver function and glucose homeostasis, and decreasing blood glucose, lipid, and inflammatory cytokine levels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuejiao Yin, Hongdan Chen, Guowei Sun, Yangxing Xu, Lingna Wang
Summary: This study investigates the function and mechanism of circ-C16orf62 in the development of atherosclerosis (AS). The results showed that circ-C16orf62 plays a crucial role in regulating apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cholesterol accumulation in AS through the miR-377/RAB22A axis.
APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Soo-Im Choi, SoHyeon You, SukJin Kim, GaYeong Won, Chang-Ho Kang, Gun-Hee Kim
Summary: This study investigated the anti-obesity effect and mechanism of action of four human-derived lactic acid bacterial strains in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. The results showed that these strains reduced body weight, liver and adipose tissue weights, improved glucose tolerance, and lowered serum triglyceride levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, they attenuated fat accumulation in the liver and adipose tissue by regulating specific proteins related to lipid metabolism.
FOOD & NUTRITION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Shingo Ito, Ryotaro Yagi, Seiryo Ogata, Takeshi Masuda, Takashi Saito, Takaomi Saido, Sumio Ohtsuki
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between blood-brain barrier (BBB) alterations and the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), focusing on the accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) in the brains of humanized amyloid precursor protein knock-in (APP-KI) mice. The study finds that BBB dysfunction occurs early in AD development, and changes in the BBB occur after advanced Aβ accumulation in the brain. These findings provide insights into the role of BBB alterations in AD progression.
FLUIDS AND BARRIERS OF THE CNS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Taotao Wang, Hong Xu, Yu Guo, Yuanxin Guo, Huanan Guan, Dongxu Wang
Summary: In this study, it was found that the chemical contaminant, Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), can lead to obesity, which is a public health concern. PFDA exposure enhances high-fat diet-induced adiposity and hepatic lipid accumulation through the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway. This contaminant may be a key risk factor for obesity development in individuals consuming high-fat foods, particularly Western diet.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenqian Zhang, Xiao-Huan Liu, Jin-Ting Zhou, Cheng Cheng, Jing Xu, Jun Yu, Xiaoming Li
Summary: ApoA-IV reduces fat accumulation by suppressing lipogenesis and improves glucose uptake in skeletal muscles and the myocardium by regulating the PI3K-AKT pathway. This was observed in both obese apoA-IV-knockout mice and in C2C12 cells co-cultured with ApoA-IV protein.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ye Ji Hyun, Ju Gyeong Kim, Min Jeong Kim, Sung Keun Jung, Ji Yeon Kim
Summary: The study found that Jeju lava sea water with a high calcium to magnesium ratio can suppress lipid accumulation both in vitro and in vivo, showing positive effects on reducing obesity.
FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Samnhita Raychaudhuri, Md Shahinozzaman, Si Fan, Opeyemi Ogedengbe, Ujjwol Subedi, Diana N. Obanda
Summary: This study found that the abundance of different subtypes of immune B cells in the intestine and adipose tissue is associated with resistance to diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Individuals enriched with Lactobacillus were more likely to develop diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance, while individuals enriched with Lactoccocus had a higher resistance to diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Faraz Damji, Kerry MacDonald, Michael A. Hunt, Jack Taunton, Alex Scott
Summary: This study examined the validity of the VERT device's landing impact values compared to a research-grade accelerometer, Shimmer. The results showed that VERT peak accelerations were variable and tended to be lower when compared to Shimmer, indicating that the wearable device currently performs poorly in measuring landing impact force.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erin Bussin, Brian Cairns, Tommy Gerschman, Michael Fredericson, Jim Bovard, Alex Scott
Summary: This study found that a 4-week course of topical diclofenac for Achilles tendinopathy did not lead to better clinical outcomes compared to placebo. The improvements in VISA-A score in both groups were marginal and did not meet the minimum clinically important difference.
Editorial Material
Sport Sciences
Paul Blazey, Kay M. Crossley, Clare L. Ardern, Marienke van Middelkoop, Alex Scott, Karim M. Khan
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Physiology
S. Ahmed Hassan, Leandro Vicosa Bonetti, Karina Tamy Kasawara, Deryk S. Beal, Dmitry Rozenberg, W. Darlene Reid
Summary: This study compared the neural activity in the prefrontal cortex of older and younger adults during single and dual tasks, finding that older adults showed increased neural activity and decreased walking velocity during cognitive tasks. Younger adults relied more on the right prefrontal cortex and also experienced a decrease in walking velocity during dual tasks.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
S. Ahmed Hassan, Leandro Vicosa Bonetti, Karina Tamy Kasawara, Matthew B. Stanbrook, Dmitry Rozenberg, W. Darlene Reid
Summary: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibit cognitive impairments that may affect motor control during walking. This study investigated the neural activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during preferred paced walking (PPW) in COPD patients and age-matched controls. The results showed higher neural activity in COPD patients compared to controls during PPW.
Review
Biology
Felipe Contreras-Briceno, Maximiliano Espinosa-Ramirez, Dmitry Rozenberg, W. Darlene Reid
Summary: Exercise is essential for pulmonary rehabilitation programs, but traditional concentric exercises may worsen respiratory symptoms in post-COVID-19 patients. Eccentric exercises, on the other hand, provide a better alternative by improving muscle mass without significant cardiopulmonary stress.
Article
Biology
Maximiliano Espinosa-Ramirez, Santiago Riquelme, Felipe Araya, Guido Rodriguez, Fernanda Figueroa-Martinez, Luigi Gabrielli, Gines Viscor, W. Darlene Reid, Felipe Contreras-Briceno
Summary: Respiratory muscle training (RMT) improves physical performance by increasing the efficiency of respiratory muscles. This study compared the effects of two different types of RMT (VIH and ITL) on the deoxygenation of intercostal and vastus lateralis muscles during exercise. The results showed that both types of training decreased the deoxygenation of intercostal muscles, but had no effect on the deoxygenation of vastus lateralis muscles.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Dmitry Rozenberg, Noor Al Kaabi, Encarna Camacho Perez, Sahar Nourouzpour, Laura Lopez-Hernandez, Laura McGillis, Ewan Goligher, W. Darlene Reid, Chung-Wai Chow, Clodagh M. Ryan, Dinesh Kumbhare, Ella Huszti, Kateri Champagne, Satish Raj, Susanna Mak, Daniel Santa Mina, Hance Clarke, Nimish Mittal
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the factors associated with dyspnea and assess the feasibility and effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) combined with standard-of-care rehabilitation. The study will include patients with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hEDS) or generalized hypermobility spectrum disorder (G-HSD) and healthy controls. The results are expected to be completed by the end of 2023.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stephanie R. Chauvin, Jessica Otoo-Appiah, Anna Zheng, Chris H. Ibrahim, James E. Ma, Dmitry Rozenberg, W. Darlene Reid
Summary: This study compared the single-task performance and dual-task performance in healthy adults with dyspnea and evaluated the relationship between mood and dyspnea or cognitive performance. The results showed that inspiratory threshold loading significantly affected dual-task performance, and mood levels were associated with dyspnea in both single and dual-task conditions.
Article
Physiology
Melissa Miles, Paul Davenport, Sunita Mathur, Ewan C. Goligher, Dmitry Rozenberg, W. Darlene Reid
Summary: This study compared deoxygenation of different neck muscles during submaximal intermittent neck flexion (INF) and submaximal inspiratory threshold loading (ITL) in healthy adults. The results showed that intermittent INF significantly activated the sternocleidomastoid with lower perceived effort, suggesting it may be an alternative approach for inspiratory muscle training in mechanically ventilated patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Rehabilitation
Kohle Merry, Megan MacPherson, Mathew Vis-Dunbar, Jackie L. Whittaker, Karin Gravare Silbernagel, Alex Scott
Summary: This scoping review provides a description of resistance-based therapeutic exercise interventions for Achilles tendinopathy (AT) treatment and assesses participant reporting characteristics. The results show that therapeutic exercise interventions for AT are well reported, but there is a need for more reporting on program fidelity, adherence, and compliance.
PHYSICAL THERAPY IN SPORT
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Tania Da Silva, Ashira Lokhandwala, Noor Al Kaabi, Julie Semenchuk, Gillian C. Goobie, Encarna Camacho, W. Darlene Reid, Jolene H. Fisher, Christopher J. Ryerson, Dmitry Rozenberg
Summary: This study aimed to characterize internet resources on pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) and assess the content, readability, and quality of patient-directed PR resources. The analysis of the top 200 websites related to "pulmonary rehabilitation resources and exercise" revealed 66 unique PR websites, with scientific resources and foundation/advocacy organizations being the most common categories. The study found that foundation/advocacy websites had the highest quality and reliability metrics, but the reading levels were higher than recommended, which may compromise patient comprehension and utilization.
CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Karan Chohan, Nimish Mittal, Laura McGillis, Laura Lopez-Hernandez, Encarna Camacho, Maxim Rachinsky, Daniel Santa Mina, W. Darlene Reid, Clodagh Mai Ryan, Kateri Agnes Champagne, Ani Orchanian-Cheff, Hance Clarke, Dmitry Rozenberg
Summary: Respiratory manifestations are common in individuals with Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes (EDS) and Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders (HSD), including dyspnea, dysphonia, asthma, sleep apnea, and reduced respiratory muscle function. Management strategies often involve non-surgical approaches such as vocal cord strengthening exercises, continuous positive pressure support for sleep apnea, and inspiratory muscle training for reduced respiratory muscle function in hEDS patients. More research is needed to understand the prevalence, incidence, and specific management strategies for respiratory manifestations in EDS and HSD.
CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Faraz Damji, Kerry MacDonald, Michael A. Hunt, Jack Taunton, Alex Scott
Summary: The study examined the impact of different definitions of ACWR on predicting knee pain in elite volleyball athletes, finding a weak relationship between ACWR and knee pain. The variant of ACWR used did not significantly influence the relationship with knee pain scores.
TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Benjamin Coiffard, Stephen Riegler, Michael C. Sklar, Martin Dres, Stefannie Vorona, W. Darlene Reid, Laurent J. Brochard, Niall D. Ferguson, Ewan C. Goligher
Summary: The study found that diaphragm echodensity increased in mechanically ventilated patients at the outset, and this increase in echodensity during the early course of mechanical ventilation was associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation. Moreover, both decreases and increases in diaphragm thickness were also associated with increased echodensity.