Article
Immunology
Jenna M. Kastenschmidt, Suhas Sureshchandra, Aarti Jain, Jenny E. Hernandez-Davies, Rafael de Assis, Zachary W. Wagoner, Andrew M. Sorn, Mahina Tabassum Mitul, Aviv I. Benchorin, Elizabeth Levendosky, Gurpreet Ahuja, Qiu Zhong, Douglas Trask, Jacob Boeckmann, Rie Nakajima, Algimantas Jasinskas, Naresha Saligrama, D. Huw Davies, Lisa E. Wagar
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different antigen formats on mucosal adaptive immune responses using a human tonsil organoid model. The results showed significant differences in the B and T cell responses elicited by different antigen formats, which led to changes in the corresponding antibody response. The ability of antigen formats to recruit naive and memory B and T cells to the response was identified as a major source of variability.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Cong Xu, Jieqing Fan, Danyang Liu, Aimaier Tuerdi, Juanjuan Chen, Yuning Wei, Yanfang Pan, Huaixin Dang, Xiong Wei, Ashraf Siddig Yousif, Jeysen Yogaratnam, Qiong Zhou, Henri Lichenstein, Tian Xu
Summary: The study demonstrates that DF-006 exhibits antiviral efficacy against HBV in mouse and PHH models without overt toxicity. In mice, DF-006 primarily targets the liver and activates innate immunity to mediate its anti-HBV effects.
Review
Microbiology
Chonghui Xu, Jizheng Chen, Xinwen Chen
Summary: Hepatitis viruses are the primary causative agents of hepatitis and pose a major public health issue globally. The host innate immune system acts as the first line of defense against these viruses. However, hepatitis viruses evade host immune surveillance through various strategies, compromising the innate immune response and creating a favorable environment for viral replication.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Mohamed Maarouf, Lulu Wang, Yiming Wang, Kul Raj Rai, Yuhai Chen, Min Fang, Ji-Long Chen
Summary: circRNAs are abundant and highly stable non-coding RNAs in eukaryotic cells, and they play critical roles in regulating viral infection and replication. They can regulate gene expression through microRNA and protein sponging, as well as encoding small polypeptides. Due to their stability and low immunogenicity, circRNAs also have potential applications in diagnosis, prognosis, RNA vaccines, and antiviral therapy.
Review
Immunology
Shuai Yang, Weishan Shen, Jiajia Hu, Sihui Cai, Chenqiu Zhang, Shouheng Jin, Xiangdong Guan, Jianfeng Wu, Yaoxing Wu, Jun Cui
Summary: Spatiotemporal separation of cellular components is crucial for biochemical processes. Membrane-bound organelles isolate intracellular components, while membraneless organelles are uncovered via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to organize cellular processes. LLPS plays a role in viral replication and host antiviral immune responses. Understanding the roles of LLPS in virus infection may lead to new treatment strategies for viral infectious diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jie Wang, Zhenyu Lin, Qiuju Liu, Feiyu Fu, Zhaofei Wang, Jingjiao Ma, Hengan Wang, Yaxian Yan, Yuqiang Cheng, Jianhe Sun
Summary: Bats, important hosts for various zoonotic viral diseases, rarely show signs of disease infection with such viruses. This study cloned the batMDA5 gene, a major sensor for anti-RNA viral infection, and identified its biological functions in antiviral innate immunity. The study revealed that bats employ a conserved MDA5 gene to trigger the immune response against RNA viruses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Xiaoqin Yu, Ran Chen, Fei Wang, Weihua Liu, Wenjing Zhang, Maolei Gong, Han Wu, Aijie Liu, Ruiqin Han, Yongmei Chen, Daishu Han
Summary: This study focused on pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-initiated innate immune responses in mouse prostatic epithelial cells (PECs), revealing insights into the potential mechanisms underlying prostate inflammation.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Yuhan Zhong, Xiao Zhong, Liangjun Qiao, Hong Wu, Chang Liu, Ting Zhang
Summary: The Z alpha domain is a compact α/β structure that specifically binds to nucleic acids with a left-handed helical conformation. It has been identified in several proteins, including ADAR1 and ZBP1, which play important roles in immune response regulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Marie Lork, Gauthier Lieber, Benjamin G. Hale
Summary: SUMOylation is a crucial post-translational modification involved in cellular stress responses and virus infections, impacting virus replication and antiviral defenses. Proteomic methodologies and SUMO proteomics have been instrumental in uncovering the dynamics of SUMOylation and innate immune mechanisms within cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuexiu Zhang, Li-Sheng Zhang, Qing Dai, Phylip Chen, Mijia Lu, Elizabeth L. Kairis, Valarmathy Murugaiah, Jiayu Xu, Rajni Kant Shukla, Xueya Liang, Zhongyu Zou, Estelle Cormet-Boyaka, Jianming Qiu, Mark E. Peeples, Amit Sharma, Chuan He, Jianrong Li
Summary: The role of RNA m(5)C methylation in innate immunity against viruses has been explored. Depletion of NSUN2, an m(5)C methyltransferase, inhibits viral replication and gene expression through enhancing the type I interferon response. NSUN2 depletion reduces m(5)C methylation of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), leading to their upregulation and stimulating the IFN response. These findings suggest that RNA m(5)C methylation controls antiviral innate immunity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ines A. Ferreira, Diogo Peixoto, Ana Paula Losada, Maria Isabel Quiroga, Ana do Vale, Benjamin Costas
Summary: This study aimed to understand the early innate immune response of European sea bass to T. maritimum infection. The results showed that T. maritimum induced a local immune response in the skin, gills, and posterior-intestine of the fish. This may be due to the bacteria's ability to adhere, colonize, and damage these organs. The infected fish also exhibited systemic responses, including increased neutrophils, signs of anemia, and decreased bactericidal and lysozyme activities in the plasma.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Ashley L. Waring, Joshua Hill, Brooke M. Allen, Nicholas M. Bretz, Nguyen Le, Pooja Kr, Dakota Fuss, Nathan T. Mortimer
Summary: Summary: This study characterizes the gene expression changes in Drosophila fruit flies following infection by different pathogens and identifies a small number of genes that consistently show expression changes. These findings provide new insight into the transcriptional changes that accompany the immune response in fruit flies and may serve as candidate genes for further study.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sai Mao, Xumin Ou, Mingshu Wang, Di Sun, Qiao Yang, Ying Wu, Renyong Jia, Dekang Zhu, Xinxin Zhao, Shun Chen, Mafeng Liu, Shaqiu Zhang, Juan Huang, Qun Gao, Yunya Liu, Yanling Yu, Ling Zhang, Bin Tian, Leichang Pan, Xiaoyue Chen, Anchun Cheng
Summary: This study revealed that Duck hepatitis A virus 1 (DHAV-1) can infect and replicate in the lymphoid organs of model ducks, persisting for over 6 months. The replication of the virus in lymphoid tissues significantly contributes to viremia, and early endogenous transcription of immune-related genes in these organs during infection is altered.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Tianxu Li, Xinyu Zhai, Wenjie Wang, Yu Lin, Bin Xing, Jinchao Wang, Xiuyuan Wang, Runchun Miao, Tingting Zhang, Liangmeng Wei
Summary: In this study, it was found that duck LGP2 (duLGP2) is an important regulator of duMDA5-mediated host innate antiviral immune response, inhibiting the antiviral activity of duMDA5 but promoting the expression of mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS). This research provides new insights into how duLGP2 regulates the duMDA5-mediated anti-viral immune signaling pathway in ducks.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tina Senff, Christopher Menne, Christine Cosmovici, Lia Laura Lewis-Ximenez, Jasneet Aneja, Ruth Broering, Arthur Y. Kim, Astrid M. Westendorf, Ulf Dittmer, Norbert Scherbaum, Georg M. Lauer, Joerg Timm
Summary: The activation of iNKT cells is closely related to the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection and may be involved in liver damage.
Article
Oncology
Larry A. Harshyne, Brian J. Nasca, Lawrence C. Kenyon, David W. Andrews, D. Craig Hooper
Article
Immunology
Kaushiki Biswas, Dhriti Chatterjee, Sankar Addya, Reas S. Khan, Lawrence C. Kenyon, Alexander Choe, Randall J. Cohrs, Kenneth S. Shindler, Jayasri Das Sarma
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhenteng Li, Brian Curtis, Robert Layser, Santosh Kumar Selvarajan, James Harrop, Lawrence C. Kenyon, Theodore Parsons, Asa Rubin
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Debanjan Tewari, Dhriti Majumdar, Sirisha Vallabhaneni, Amal Kanti Bera
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2017)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Ruihe Lin, Jingli Cai, Lawrence Kenyon, Renato Iozzo, Robert Rosenwasser, Lorraine Iacovitti
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manmeet Singh, Abhinoy Kishore, Dibyajyoti Maity, Punnepalli Sunanda, Bankala Krishnarjuna, Sreeparna Vappala, Srinivasarao Raghothama, Lawrence C. Kenyon, Debnath Pal, Jayasri Das Sarma
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Cathy Lee Ching, Lawrence Kenyon, Matthew Berk, Chantel Park
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Cell Biology
Felipe D'Almeida Costa, Tiago M. Dias, Kara A. Lombardo, Aditya Raghunathan, Caterina Giannini, Lawrence Kenyon, Ali G. Saad, Murat Gokden, Peter C. Burger, Elizabeth A. Montgomery, Fausto J. Rodriguez
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emma J. Norton, Leslie R. Bridges, Lawrence C. Kenyon, Margaret M. Esiri, Dorothy C. Bennett, Atticus H. Hainsworth
JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2019)
Article
Virology
Debanjana Chakravarty, Fareeha Saadi, Soumya Kundu, Abhishek Bose, Reas Khan, Kimberly Dine, Lawrence C. Kenyon, Kenneth S. Shindler, Jayasri Das Sarma
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Oncology
David W. Andrews, Kevin D. Judy, Charles B. Scott, Samantha Garcia, Larry A. Harshyne, Lawrence Kenyon, Kiran Talekar, Adam Flanders, Kofi-Buaku Atsina, Lyndon Kim, Nina Martinez, Wenyin Shi, Maria Werner-Wasik, Haisong Liu, Mikhail Prosniak, Mark Curtis, Rhonda Kean, Donald Y. Ye, Emily Bongiorno, Sami Sauma, Mark A. Exley, Kara Pigott, D. Craig Hooper
Summary: IGV-001 demonstrated good tolerability in newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients, with a significantly improved median progression-free survival (PFS) compared to standard of care (SOC). In patients eligible for Stupp criteria, IGV-001 showed positive outcomes in terms of PFS and overall survival, suggesting a potential immune-mediated mechanism.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Michael Prosniak, Larry A. Harshyne, Jonathan Gorky, Mark T. Curtis, Lawrence C. Kenyon, James S. Schwaber, Aurore Lebrun, Rhonda B. Kean, David W. Andrews, D. Craig Hooper
Summary: Patients with grade III anaplastic astrocytomas (AA) can be categorized into distinct immune bias profiles based on the presence or absence of mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH). Two different immune biases were identified in patients with different IDH mutational status, with type 2 bias more common in IDH wild-type AA and type 1 bias more common in patients with IDH1R132H mutation. Additionally, the patient's immune profile was found to be more closely associated with tumor vascular enhancement on imaging rather than IDH mutational status.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael Prosniak, Lawrence C. Kenyon, D. Craig Hooper
Summary: The difficulty in treating glioblastoma comes from its infiltrative growth and a population of therapy-resistant cells. By analyzing the expression of protein markers in tumor specimens, cells more likely to have these properties can be identified.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ruihe Lin, Alicia Kenyon, Zi-Xuan Wang, Jingli Cai, Lorraine Iacovitti, Lawrence C. Kenyon
Summary: Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), a low-grade tumor of the central nervous system, often seen in children or young adults, has been found to have unique molecular findings through next-generation sequencing. Among the genetic abnormalities identified, BRAF alterations, particularly BRAF fusions, play a significant role in the tumorigenesis of PAs.