Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stanislav Kan, Christopher Grainge, Kristy Nichol, Andrew Reid, Darryl Knight, Yong Sun, Nathan Bartlett, Mingtao Liang
Summary: This study developed nanoparticles for targeted delivery of TLR7 agonist to airway epithelial cells, which showed enhanced innate immune activation and suppression of viral replication.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Natsumi Saito, Akiko Kikuchi, Mutsuo Yamaya, Xue Deng, Mitsuru Sugawara, Shin Takayama, Ryoichi Nagatomi, Tadashi Ishii
Summary: Kakkonto extract can reduce the production of specific pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to rhinovirus (RV) infection, suggesting its potential as an effective therapy to inhibit inflammation caused by RV and subsequent airway inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Thomas J. R. Ormsby, Sian E. Owens, Liam Clement, Tom J. Mills, James G. Cronin, John J. Bromfield, Iain Martin Sheldon
Summary: This study found that oxysterols stimulate the intrinsic protection of epithelial cells against pore-forming toxins, thereby fighting against bacterial infection and toxin damage.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Sun, Kaimin Jiang, Rui Zhu, Hanyu Chu, Huiyong Liu, Jingchun Du
Summary: Cytokine release syndrome, also called cytokine storm, can cause lung damage, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and even death during SARS-CoV-2 infection. The underlying mechanisms of cytokine storm, especially the role of TNF-alpha and type I IFNs, remain unknown. This study found that the combination of TNF-alpha and IFN-beta induces death of human airway epithelial cells BEAS-2B through caspase-mediated apoptosis and gasdermin-mediated pyroptosis. Inhibiting TNF-alpha and IFN-beta-mediated death of airway epithelial cells may be a potential treatment for viral infectious diseases like COVID-19.
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Ryan C. Murphy, Ying Lai, Matthew C. Altman, Kaitlyn A. Barrow, Kimberly A. Dill-McFarland, Matthew Liu, Jessica A. Hamerman, Adam Lacy-Hulbert, Adrian M. Piliponsky, Steven F. Ziegler, William A. Altemeier, Jason S. Debley, Sina A. Gharib, Teal S. Hallstrand
Summary: This study investigated the cross talk between airway epithelial cells and mast cells in asthma. The results showed that mast cells can promote the expression of proinflammatory and antiviral genes in airway epithelial cells, thus affecting mast cell immune responses.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jae Min Shin, Moon Soo Han, Jae Hyung Park, Seung Hyeok Lee, Tae Hoon Kim, Sang Hag Lee
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of ephrinA1/ephA2 signaling in epithelial barrier integrity and rhinovirus-induced epithelial permeability in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The results showed that ephrinA1 treatment increased epithelial permeability and decreased the expression of ZO-1, ZO-2, and occludin. Blocking ephA2 attenuated these effects. Rhinovirus infection upregulated ephrinA1 and ephA2 expression, leading to increased epithelial permeability, which was suppressed in ephA2-deficient cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Xu, Dan Li, Yi Lu, Tian-Yu Zheng
Summary: Our study revealed that Aβ monomers upregulate CDC25B expression, activate the Akt/Nrf2 pathway, enhance antioxidant capacity, maintain redox homeostasis, and prevent cell damage caused by oxidative stress in LECs.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Timothy S. Kountz, Assel Biyasheva, Robert P. Schleimer, Murali Prakriya
Summary: Respiratory viruses stimulate the release of antiviral interferons from the airway epithelium. However, asthmatic patients show diminished release of interferons. This study found that extracellular nucleotides and histamine can strongly inhibit the release of interferons from human bronchial airway epithelial cells (AECs), and this inhibition is mediated by Gq signaling and does not involve calcium entry. Pharmacological blockade of protein kinase C can partially reverse the inhibition of interferon production. Additionally, histamine and extracellular nucleotides continue to inhibit interferon release in respiratory cells infected with influenza A virus or rhinovirus 1B.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Alex W. Wessel, Michael P. Doyle, Taylor B. Engdahl, Jessica Rodriguez, James E. Crowe, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: This study isolated human monoclonal antibodies from individuals previously infected with WNV, mapped their epitopes, and evaluated their efficacy in vivo against lethal WNV challenge. The most protective epitopes clustered at three antigenic sites on extracellular NS1 forms. This information may aid in the development of NS1-based countermeasures against flaviviruses.
Article
Virology
Mutsuo Yamaya, Xue Deng, Akiko Kikuchi, Mitsuru Sugawara, Natsumi Saito, Toru Kubo, Haruki Momma, Tetsuaki Kawase, Kazuyuki Nakagome, Yoshitaka Shimotai, Hidekazu Nishimura
Summary: RV-C causes more severe asthma attacks compared to other rhinovirus species, but modulation of its replication by drugs has not been well studied. This study found that bafilomycin A1 and other drugs can reduce RV-C replication levels in human airway epithelial cells, potentially alleviating asthma attacks by decreasing inflammatory cytokines and CDHR3 expression.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Simo Kitanovski, Gibran Horemheb-Rubio, Ortwin Adams, Barbara Gartner, Thomas Lengauer, Daniel Hoffmann, Rolf Kaiser
Summary: By analyzing the prevalence data of respiratory viruses in Germany from 2010 to 2020, it was found that the prevalence of rhinovirus decreased significantly after the introduction of measures against SARS-CoV-2, showing a negative correlation with the stringency of anti-COVID-19 measures. Rhinovirus prevalence could possibly serve as an indicator of the efficacy of non-pharmaceutical measures against COVID-19.
Article
Immunology
Rabab H. Sayed, Amira H. Ghazy, Mohamed F. El Yammany
Summary: This study demonstrates the neuroprotective effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) and interferon-beta-1b (IFN-beta-1b) on 3-NP-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Both treatments significantly improved motor and behavior performance, restored mitochondrial function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels, and reduced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory mediators. Early treatment with IFN-beta-1b showed a significant benefit compared with late treatment.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emelie Barreby, Benedikt Strunz, Sebastian Nock, Lea Naudet, Joanne X. Shen, Helene Johansson, Isabella Soennerborg, Junjie Ma, Egon Urgard, Laura J. Pallett, Yizhou Hu, Achilleas Fardellas, Valerio Azzimato, Ana Vankova, Laura Levi, Cecilia Morgantini, Mala K. Maini, Per Stal, Stephan P. Rosshart, Jonathan M. Coquet, Greg Nowak, Erik Naeslund, Volker M. Lauschke, Ewa Ellis, Niklas K. Bjoerkstroem, Ping Chen, Myriam Aouadi
Summary: By studying patients undergoing liver transplantation, a specific population of resident liver myeloid cells that protects against metabolic impairment in obesity is identified. These cells, termed liver myeloid cells 2 (LM2), decrease in proportion during obesity but can ameliorate oxidative stress. These findings suggest that targeting resident myeloid cells could be a therapeutic approach for reducing oxidative stress in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Article
Immunology
Wenbing Zhi, Xia Du, Ye Li, Chunliu Wang, Tingting Sun, Shiyu Zong, Qiqi Liu, Kai Hu, Yang Liu, Hong Zhang
Summary: The research shows that SPC has a therapeutic effect on asthma, reducing inflammation and pathological damage by targeting multiple key points. Proteomic and molecular docking screening results indicate that SPC acts on a variety of critical targets, making it a potential drug for treating asthma.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xin Kang, Ying Chen, Xiaohong Xin, Menghan Liu, Yuan Ma, Yifei Ren, Jing Ji, Qi Yu, Lei Qu, Suxia Wang, Gang Liu, Chengang Xiang, Li Yang
Summary: The study demonstrates that hAECs and their derived EXOs have nephro-protective effects in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (cisplatin-AKI) in vivo, without compromising the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Verena Gloeckner, Mathias W. Pletz, Gernot Rohde, Jan Rupp, Martin Witzenrath, Grit Barten-Neiner, Martin Kolditz
Summary: This study found that the 30-day post-discharge mortality rate in CAP patients is influenced by multiple independent risk factors, including older age, lower BMI, comorbidities, and extended length of hospital stay. Early post-discharge deaths account for a quarter of all CAP-associated deaths, underscoring the importance of post-discharge management for CAP patients. Further research is needed to validate these findings in independent cohorts.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Letter
Respiratory System
Christina Bahrs, Miriam Kesselmeier, Martin Kolditz, Santiago Ewig, Gernot Rohde, Grit Barten-Neiner, Jan Rupp, Martin Witzenrath, Tobias Welte, Mathias W. Pletz
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Adrian Endres, Christian Huegel, Helena Boland, Michael Hogardt, Ralf Schubert, Danny Jonigk, Peter Braubach, Gernot Rohde, Carla Bellinghausen
Summary: Cystic fibrosis lung disease is aggravated by bacterial infections, particularly P. aeruginosa (PA). This study investigated the interactions between PA, human rhinovirus (HRV), and airway epithelium in a chronic PA infection model. The results showed that PA infection influenced the response of bronchial epithelial cells to viral infection, leading to altered immune responses and compromised barrier function.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Christy B. M. Tulen, Ying Wang, Daan Beentjes, Phyllis J. J. Jessen, Dennis K. Ninaber, Niki L. Reynaert, Frederik-Jan Van Schooten, Antoon Opperhuizen, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Alexander H. Remels
Summary: Smoke exposure affects the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in airway epithelial cells, but the observed changes may vary in different culture models.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Martin S. Schulz, Jan Mengers, Wenyi Gu, Andreas Drolz, Philip G. Ferstl, Alex Amoros, Frank E. Uschner, Nora Ackermann, Georg Guttenberg, Alexander Queck, Maximilian J. Brol, Christiana Graf, Philipp Stoffers, Anna-Lena Laguna De La Vera, Carla Cremonese, Hans-Peter Erasmus, Martin W. Welker, Achim Grunewaldt, Vincente Arroyo, Jorg Bojunga, Javier Fernandez, Stefan Zeuzem, Johannes Kluwe, Kai-Hendrik Peiffer, Christoph Welsch, Valentin Fuhrmann, Gernot Rohde, Jonel Trebicka
Summary: In ACLF patients, both pulmonary failure and mechanical ventilation are associated with worse prognosis. The grade of pulmonary impairment should be considered in the risk assessment for ACLF patients.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiara Ciminieri, Manon E. Woest, Niki L. Reynaert, Irene H. Heijink, Rene Wardenaar, Diana C. J. Spierings, Corry-Anke Brandsma, Melanie Konigshoff, Reinoud Gosens
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent inflammation and defective tissue repair in the lungs. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the inflammatory microenvironment on epithelial progenitors and their supporting mesenchymal niche cells in distal lung tissue repair. IL-1 beta, an inflammatory mediator increased during COPD exacerbations, was found to alter the state of fibroblasts and switch their function from supportive to inhibitory in an organoid assay. Targeting IL-1 beta intracellular signaling or C-X-C chemokine receptors 1/2 (CXCR1/2) reduced the proinflammatory response and restored organoid growth. These findings suggest that chronic inflammation contributes to the inhibition of repair in COPD.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Lowie E. G. W. Vanfleteren, Julie Weidner, Frits M. E. Franssen, Swetlana Gaffron, Niki L. Reynaert, Emiel F. M. Wouters, Martijn A. Spruit
Summary: This study aimed to cluster patients with COPD based on systemic markers of inflammatory processes and found four distinct clusters with differences in clinical characterisation. The study also identified altered biological pathways that may contribute to these differences. These new insights provide a better understanding of the pathophysiology of COPD as a heterogeneous disease.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Niki L. Reynaert, Lowie E. G. W. Vanfleteren, Timothy N. Perkins
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease of the airways and lungs caused by enhanced inflammatory response and commonly associated with smoking. Patients with COPD often have multiple chronic inflammatory conditions, which increases disease burden and complicates management. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) drives chronic inflammation, while advanced glycation end products (AGEs) contribute to further inflammation and oxidative stress in COPD and comorbidities. Understanding the mechanisms of RAGE signaling and AGE accumulation is crucial in studying the pathophysiology of these diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Danielle Baptista, Zeinab Tahmasebi Birgani, Helene Widowski, Fiona Passanha, Vasili Stylianidis, Kevin Knoops, Eva Gubbins, Cinta Iriondo, Kari-Pekka Skarp, Robbert J. Rottier, Tim G. Wolfs, Clemens van Blitterswijk, Vanessa LaPointe, Pamela Habibovic, Niki L. Reynaert, Stefan Giselbrecht, Roman Truckenmueller
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of culturing human bronchial organoids in a polymer film-based microwell array platform. The organoids were preformed through the culture of single cells and then transferred into the microwells for further cultivation. Various microscopy techniques were employed to characterize the organoids, and the ease of micromanipulation in the microwells was demonstrated by microinjection.
MATERIALS TODAY BIO
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Gernot Rohde, Monika Eichinger, Sven Glaeser, Marion Heiss-Neumann, Jan Kehrmann, Claus Neurohr, Marko Obradovic, Tim Kroeger-Kilian, Tobias Loebel, Christian Taube
Summary: This article presents the best practices for managing patients with NTM-PD in Germany, including diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing management. Through a survey and interviews with medical and administrative staff from multiple treatment centers, key practices for improving patient care were identified. Future challenges and possible improvements were also discussed.
Review
Respiratory System
Mathias W. Pletz, Andreas Vestergaard Jensen, Christina Bahrs, Claudia Davenport, Jan Rupp, Martin Witzenrath, Grit Barten-Neiner, Martin Kolditz, Sabine Dettmer, James D. Chalmers, Daiana Stolz, Norbert Suttorp, Stefano Aliberti, Wolfgang M. Kuebler, Gernot Rohde
Summary: Despite advances in CAP research, there are still many unmet needs. CAPNETZ identified eleven topics for future CAP research, including detection of causative pathogens, next generation sequencing for antimicrobial treatment guidance, imaging diagnostics, biomarkers, risk stratification, antiviral and antibiotic treatment, adjunctive therapy, vaccines and prevention, systemic and local immune response, comorbidities, and long-term cardio-vascular complications.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Wenyi Gu, Hannah Hortlik, Hans-Peter Erasmus, Louisa Schaaf, Yasmin Zeleke, Frank E. Uschner, Philip Ferstl, Martin Schulz, Kai-Henrik Peiffer, Alexander Queck, Tilman Sauerbruch, Maximilian Joseph Brol, Gernot Rohde, Cristina Sanchez, Richard Moreau, Vicente Arroyo, Stefan Zeuzem, Christoph Welsch, Jonel Trebicka
Summary: The number of patients with cirrhosis and the in-hospital mortality rate associated with cirrhosis have been increasing in Germany in recent years. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic cirrhosis are the two common etiologies, and ascites is the most common complication.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marcus M. Muecke, Gernot G. U. Rohde, Stefan Zeuzem
Summary: Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory systemic disease with unknown causes, characterized by non-caseating granulomas. It can affect any organ in the body, making the diagnosis difficult and leading to treatment delay. This article provides an overview of the disease, focuses on the steps and pitfalls in establishing a diagnosis, and discusses the indications and treatment regimens according to current expert opinion.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Joerg Haier, Johannes Beller, Kristina Adorjan, Stefan Bleich, Moritz De Greck, Frank Griesinger, Alexander Hein, Rene Hurlemann, Soren Torge Mees, Alexandra Philipsen, Gernot Rohde, Georgia Schilling, Karolin Trautmann, Stephanie E. Combs, Siegfried Geyer, Jurgen Schaefers
Summary: In this study, 540 patients actively involved in clinical treatment in oncology or psychiatry during the COVID-19 pandemic were surveyed using the OnCoVID questionnaire. The results showed that 11.5% of the patients experienced intense uncertainty in their clinical decisions, which was significantly correlated with anxiety, depression, loneliness, and stress. Younger age, female sex, higher educational status, and higher treatment stage were associated with higher levels of stress. Only 15.3% of the patients considered the additional risk of COVID-19 infections as very important for their disease-related decisions. Regression analysis identified several determinants for patients at risk of a decisional dilemma.
Article
Oncology
Jan A. Stratmann, Radha Timalsina, Akin Atmaca, Vivian Rosery, Nikolaj Frost, Jurgen Alt, Cornelius F. Waller, Niels Reinmuth, Gernot Rohde, Felix C. Saalfeld, Aaron Becker von Rose, Fabian Acker, Lukas Aspacher, Miriam Moller, Martin Sebastian
Summary: The efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) is limited in patients with relapsed or refractory small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, long-term survival is possible, especially with CPI combination strategies. Clinical characteristics allow for a more targeted subgroup selection, with patients who have a low neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) showing less benefit from CPI in relapsed or refractory SCLC.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)