Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Khosbayar Lkhagvadorj, Zhijun Zeng, Karolin F. Meyer, Laura P. Verweij, Wierd Kooistra, Marjan Reinders-Luinge, Henk W. Dijkhuizen, Inge A. M. de Graaf, Torsten Plosch, Machteld N. Hylkema
Summary: The study revealed that postnatal smoke exposure exacerbates the effects of prenatal smoke exposure on nicotine metabolism, leading to increased cotinine levels and Cyp2a5 mRNA expression in male offspring. Both pre- and postnatal smoke exposure were found to alter DNA methylation of Cyp2a5, with prenatal smoke exposure decreasing cotinine levels in male offspring. These adverse effects were more pronounced in males and could potentially accelerate the risk of nicotine dependence later in life when considering human health implications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Kim Pulvers, LaRee Tracy, Thomas E. Novotny, Nora Satybaldiyeva, Adam Hunn, Devan R. Romero, Nathan G. Dodder, Jose Magraner, Eyal Oren
Summary: The study found that filtered cigarettes were perceived as more enjoyable and less harsh compared to unfiltered cigarettes. Participants smoked filtered cigarettes at a higher rate during the trial. However, there was no significant difference in nicotine dependence or intention to quit between the two conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Saeideh Karimi-Haghighi, Yasaman Razavi, Daniela Iezzi, Andrew F. Scheyer, Olivier Manzoni, Abbas Haghparast
Summary: This review article summarizes the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in various models of drug abuse, including opioids, psychostimulants, cannabis, alcohol, and nicotine. It also reviews the possible mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of CBD in treating addiction.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Segev Barak, Koral Goltseker
Summary: Studies indicate that intervening in the reconsolidation of alcohol and nicotine/tobacco memories may help reduce relapse, serving as a potential strategy to suppress relapse to alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Janna K. Moen, Anna M. Lee
Summary: Alcohol and nicotine, the two most widely used and misused drugs globally, show significant sex differences in their rewarding properties, yet most preclinical studies on their mechanisms utilize only male rodents. Understanding the influence of sex and sex hormones on alcohol and nicotine reward is crucial for developing therapies to reduce drug consumption.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Mariangela Antonelli, Liana Fattore, Luisa Sestito, Daniela Di Giuda, Marco Diana, Giovanni Addolorato
Summary: Repetitive TMS has shown promising results in patients with alcohol, tobacco, and cocaine use disorder, indicating a potential role in the treatment of SUD.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Guanglin Liu, Ruiyan Wang, Huan Chen, Ping Wu, Yaning Fu, Kaixin Li, Mingda Liu, Zhihao Shi, Yuan Zhang, Yue Su, Lingxiao Song, Hongwei Hou, Qingyuan Hu
Summary: Tobacco addiction is not solely attributable to nicotine, but also to non-nicotine components present in tobacco smoke. This study examines the role of non-nicotine constituents in promoting the effects of nicotine and their independent reinforcing effects. The findings suggest that these non-nicotine components enhance nicotine's reinforcing effects, potentially through inhibiting striatum MAOA activity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Christian Montanari, Maria E. Secci, Ashlyn Driskell, Katherine O. McDonald, Connor L. Schratz, Nicholas W. Gilpin
Summary: The study found that chronic nicotine injections increase alcohol consumption and that alcohol self-administration rapidly decreases when nicotine is no longer available, suggesting potential clinical implications for social drinkers using nicotine products.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gloria Perez-Rubio, Luis Alberto Lopez-Flores, Ana Paula Cupertino, Francisco Cartujano-Barrera, Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu, Mariana Ramirez, Edward F. Ellerbeck, Rosibel Rodriguez-Bolanos, Ramces Falfan-Valencia
Summary: Previous studies have identified genetic variants associated with addiction, smoking onset, and cessation. This study aimed to analyze genetic polymorphisms in smokers undergoing different smoking cessation interventions. The results showed differences in smoking behaviors and genetic frequencies between the two intervention groups. Slow metabolizers smoked more cigarettes per day compared to intermediate and normal metabolizers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Toomas Gross
Summary: Recreational long-distance runners often exercise at levels higher than necessary for health due to motivations beyond fitness, such as endurance and novel bodily experiences. The ethnographic example of Estonian runners demonstrates that the reasons for exercise addiction are not solely psycho-physiological, requiring a nuanced understanding of runners' bodily experiences and their relationship with health and well-being.
Review
Neurosciences
Sa Weon Hong, Paul Teesdale-Spittle, Rachel Page, Penelope Truman
Summary: Nicotine addiction is not solely due to nicotine itself, but also related to MAO inhibition caused by non-nicotinic components in tobacco smoke. This review identifies potential pharmacological candidates as MAO inhibitors from tobacco and tobacco smoke. It contributes to our understanding of the impact of smoking on MAO activity and nicotine addiction.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucia Carboni, Luisa Ponzoni, Daniela Braida, Mariaelvina Sala, Cecilia Gotti, Michele Zoli
Summary: This study found that long-term nicotine withdrawal-induced affective and cognitive symptoms are associated with lasting molecular alterations in peptidergic signaling, which may determine impaired neuroplasticity in the hippocampal and striatal circuitry.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dominique Medaglio, Warren B. Bilker, Xiaoyan Han, Jessica S. Merlin, Michael Plankey, Jeffrey Martin, Heidi M. Crane, Leila S. Hojat, Laura Bamford, Robert Schnoll, Rachel F. Tyndale, Rebecca L. Ashare, Robert Gross
Summary: Cigarette smoking rates are higher in people with HIV compared to those without HIV. Efavirenz, a commonly used antiretroviral therapy, may upregulate nicotine metabolism and contribute to higher nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR). Switching to non-efavirenz-based therapy may decrease NMR and potentially improve quit rates.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Chen Mo, Zhenyao Ye, Yezhi Pan, Yuan Zhang, Qiong Wu, Chuan Bi, Song Liu, Braxton Mitchell, Peter Kochunov, L. Elliot Hong, Tianzhou Ma, Shuo Chen
Summary: This study proposes a new method for selecting causative variant candidates for nicotine addiction by jointly modeling SNP-wise inference results and the underlying structured network patterns of the linkage disequilibrium matrix. Applying this method to UK biobank data, 81 nicotine addiction-related SNPs were identified, which were highly correlated but physically distant and from different genes.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sherry A. McKee, Aimee L. McRae-Clark
Summary: The importance of considering sex and gender in medication trials for substance use disorders is highlighted in this review. While sex and gender differences have not been well-considered in addiction medication development research, there are clinically significant differences in response between women and men, particularly in tobacco cessation. Limited representation of women in clinical research samples calls for improved access to sex-stratified data and incorporation of sex and gender into clinical care guidelines.
BIOLOGY OF SEX DIFFERENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Ahmadaye Ibrahim Khalil, Silvia Franceschi, Catherine de Martel, Freddie Bray, Gary M. Clifford
Summary: This study estimates the burden of HIV-associated and non-HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) globally by investigating the HIV prevalence and KS cases. The results highlight the significant burden of HIV-associated KS in sub-Saharan Africa, even in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniela Pierannunzio, Ugo Fedeli, Silvia Francisci, Angela De Paoli, Federica Toffolutti, Diego Serraino, Giacomo Zoppini, Eugenio Borsatti, Enza Di Felice, Fabio Falcini, Stefano Ferretti, Paolo Giorgi Rossi, Carlo Gobitti, Stefano Guzzinati, Veronica Mattioli, Guido Mazzoleni, Silvano Piffer, Salvatore Vaccarella, Massimo Vicentini, Manuel Zorzi, Silvia Franceschi, Rossella Elisei, Luigino Dal Maso
Summary: In Italy, the age-standardized rates of thyroidectomies in women peaked in 2002-2004 and then declined, while no significant change was observed in men. There was a more than twofold difference between regions. The proportion of total thyroidectomies increased in both sexes, while thyroidectomies for nonmalignant conditions decreased consistently.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Franceschi, Francesca Lessi, Mariangela Morelli, Michele Menicagli, Francesco Pasqualetti, Paolo Aretini, Chiara Maria Mazzanti
Summary: This study highlights the importance of SHPK in glioblastoma for tumor progression, and proposes this enzyme and the nonoxidative pentose phosphate pathway as possible therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Feixue Wei, Ningshao Xia, Rebeca Ocampo, Marc T. Goodman, Nancy A. Hessol, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Ana P. Ortiz, Fanghui Zhao, Erna M. Kojic, Rupert Kaul, Isabelle Heard, Imran O. Morhason-Bello, Anna-Barbara Moscicki, Alexandra de Pokomandy, Joel M. Palefsky, Luana L. S. Rodrigues, Racheal S. Dube Mandishora, Reshmie A. Ramautarsing, Silvia Franceschi, Sheela Godbole, Fernanda K. Tso, Lynette J. Menezes, Chunqing Lin, Gary M. Clifford
Summary: Age-specific shifts in HPV16 prevalence from cervix to anus suggest that HPV infections may persist longer, or occur later in life, in the anus than cervix. This has important implications for using cervical screening results to direct anal cancer prevention.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Neerav Goyal, Max Hennessy, Erik Lehman, Wenxue Lin, Antonio Agudo, Wolfgang Ahrens, Stefania Boccia, Paul Brennan, Hermann Brenner, Gabriella Cadoni, Cristina Canova, Chu Chen, David Conway, Maria Paula Curado, Luigino Dal Maso, Alexander W. Daudt, Valeria Edefonti, Eleonora Fabianova, Leticia Fernandez, Silvia Franceschi, Werner Garavello, Maura Gillison, Richard B. Hayes, Claire Healy, Rolando Herrero, Ivana Holcatova, Jossy L. Kanda, Karl Kelsey, Bo T. Hansen, Rosalina Koifman, Pagona Lagiou, Carlo La Vecchia, Fabio Levi, Guojun Li, Jolanta Lissowska, Rossana Mendoza Lopez, Daniele Luce, Gary Macfarlane, Dana Mates, Keitaro Matsuo, Michael McClean, Ana Menezes, Gwenn Menvielle, Hal Morgenstern, Kirsten Moysich, Eva Negri, Andrew F. Olshan, Tamas Pandics, Jerry Polesel, Mark Purdue, Loredana Radoi, Heribert Ramroth, Lorenzo Richiardi, Stimson Schantz, Stephen M. Schwartz, Diego Serraino, Oxana Shangina, Elaine Smith, Erich M. Sturgis, Beata Swiatkowska, Peter Thomson, Thomas L. Vaughan, Marta Vilensky, Deborah M. Winn, Victor Wunsch-Filho, Guo-Pei Yu, Jose P. Zevallos, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Tongzhang Zheng, Ariana Znaor, Paolo Boffetta, Mia Hashibe, Yuan-Chin A. Lee, Joshua E. Muscat
Summary: This study analyzed the relationship between cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and head and neck cancer risk factors in less developed and more developed countries. The results showed that the duration of smoking and alcohol consumption had different effects on the risk of specific cancer sites depending on the country's level of development. These findings suggest that the degree of industrialization and economic development affects the relationship between smoking, alcohol, and head and neck cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander J. Mentzer, Nicole Brenner, Naomi Allen, Thomas J. Littlejohns, Amanda Y. Chong, Adrian Cortes, Rachael Almond, Michael Hill, Simon Sheard, Gil McVean, Rory Collins, Adrian V. S. Hill, Tim Waterboer
Summary: The authors designed a multiplex serology platform to measure quantitative antibody responses against 20 infectious agents and confirmed their associations with sociodemographic characteristics, HLA genetic variants, and disease outcomes. The findings provide valuable insights into host-pathogen-disease relationships.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Francesca Lessi, Sara Franceschi, Mariangela Morelli, Michele Menicagli, Francesco Pasqualetti, Orazio Santonocito, Carlo Gambacciani, Francesco Pieri, Filippo Aquila, Paolo Aretini, Chiara Maria Mazzanti
Summary: This study used fluorescent labeling and cell separation techniques to analyze glioblastoma at the single-cell level, revealing the genetic characteristics of different components within the tumor. This single-cell approach provides new insights into the understanding of glioblastoma.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Cindy Simoens, Tarik Gheit, Ruediger Ridder, Ivana Gorbaslieva, Dana Holzinger, Eric Lucas, Susanne Rehm, Peter Vermeulen, Martin Lammens, Olivier M. Vanderveken, Rekha Vijay Kumar, Nitin Gangane, Alessandro Caniglia, Fausto Maffini, Maria Belen Lloveras Rubio, Devasena Anantharaman, Susanna Chiocca, Paul Brennan, Madhavan Radhakrishna Pillai, Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, Johannes Bogers, Michael Pawlita, Massimo Tommasino, Marc Arbyn
Summary: This study analyzed the accuracy of three testing strategies for diagnosing HPV-induced oropharyngeal cancer. Single hrHPV DNA PCR and p16(INK4a) IHC showed high sensitivity, but low specificity, while combined testing had higher sensitivity and specificity.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Francesco Pasqualetti, Milena Rizzo, Sara Franceschi, Francesca Lessi, Fabiola Paiar, Francesca M. Buffa
Summary: Although studies on the use of liquid biopsy are still at an early stage, the potential clinical applications of liquid biopsy in the study of primary brain cancer are many and have the potential to revolutionize the approach to neuro-oncology, and importantly, they offer the possibility of gathering information on the disease at any time during its history.
CURRENT OPINION IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Veronique Bouvard, Suzanne T. Nethan, Deependra Singh, Saman Warnakulasuriya, Ravi Mehrotra, Anil K. Chaturvedi, Tony Hsiu-Hsi Chen, Olalekan A. Ayo-Yusuf, Prakash C. Gupta, Alexander R. Kerr, Wanninayake M. Tilakaratne, Devasena Anantharaman, David Conway, Ann Gillenwater, Newell W. Johnson, Luiz P. Kowalski, Maria E. Leon, Olena Mandrik, Toru Nagao, Vinayak M. Prasad, Kunnambath Ramadas, Felipe Roitberg, Pierre Saintigny, Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, Alan R. Santos-Silva, Dhirendra N. Sinha, Patravoot Vatanasapt, Rosnah B. Zain, Beatrice Lauby-Secretan
Summary: An expert panel review by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) suggests that smoking, smokeless tobacco use, areca nut exposure, and heavy alcohol consumption are major contributors to oral cancer.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Martina Taborelli, Federica Toffolutti, Ettore Bidoli, Luigino Dal Maso, Stefania Del Zotto, Elena Clagnan, Michele Gobbato, Diego Serraino, Silvia Franceschi
Summary: This study described the practice of PSA testing in Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy over a period of more than 20 years. Population-based data from regional administrative health-related databases were used. The number of PSA tests steadily increased over time but decreased in recent years. The biopsy rate also showed a similar pattern, with an initial increase followed by a decrease.
Article
Oncology
Mariangela Morelli, Francesca Lessi, Serena Barachini, Romano Liotti, Nicola Montemurro, Paolo Perrini, Orazio Santo Santonocito, Carlo Gambacciani, Matija Snuderl, Francesco Pieri, Filippo Aquila, Azzurra Farnesi, Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato, Paolo Viacava, Francesco Cardarelli, Gianmarco Ferri, Paul Mulholland, Diego Ottaviani, Fabiola Paiar, Gaetano Liberti, Francesco Pasqualetti, Michele Menicagli, Paolo Aretini, Giovanni Signore, Sara Franceschi, Chiara Maria Mazzanti
Summary: This study developed a novel functional precision medicine approach to test the response to anticancer treatments in organoids derived from the resected tumors of glioblastoma patients. FLIM-based metabolic imaging was used to stratify tumors and identify new target genes associated with TMZ treatment and survival. This approach has the potential to improve the clinical management of GB patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Tarik Gheit, Richard Muwonge, Eric Lucas, Luisa Galati, Devasena Anantharaman, Sandrine McKay-Chopin, Sylla G. Malvi, Kasturi Jayant, Smita Joshi, Pulikkottil O. Esmy, M. Radhakrishna Pillai, Partha Basu, Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, Massimo Tommasino
Summary: This study compared the prevalence of oral HPV infections in women vaccinated with different doses of HPV vaccine and found that three doses of the vaccine were more effective in preventing oral HPV infection compared to a single dose.
Article
Immunology
Smita Joshi, Devasena Anantharaman, Richard Muwonge, Neerja Bhatla, Gitika Panicker, Julia Butt, Usha Rani Reddy Poli, Sylla G. Malvi, Pulikkottil O. Esmy, Eric Lucas, Yogesh Verma, Anand Shah, Eric Zomawia, Sharmila Pimple, Kasturi Jayant, Sanjay Hingmire, Aruna Chiwate, Uma Divate, Shachi Vashist, Gauravi Mishra, Radhika Jadhav, Maqsood Siddiqi, Subha Sankaran, Thiraviam Pillai Rameshwari Ammal Kannan, Purnima Kartha, Surendra S. Shastri, Catherine Sauvaget, M. Radhakrishna Pillai, Tim Waterboer, Martin Mueller, Peter Sehr, Elizabeth R. Unger, Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, Partha Basu
Summary: The recent WHO recommendation on single-dose HPV vaccine can reduce costs, alleviate supply shortages, and simplify logistics, making it more accessible for low- and middle-income countries. This study examines the long-term immune response and compares it with unvaccinated women, showing sustained immune response in single-dose recipients at 10 years post-vaccination.
Article
Oncology
Gary M. Clifford, Iacopo Baussano, Danielle A. M. Heideman, Sangay Tshering, Tashi Choden, Fulvio Lazzarato, Vanessa Tenet, Silvia Franceschi, Teresa M. Darragh, Tashi Tobgay, Ugyen Tshomo
Summary: The REACH-Bhutan study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and clinical performance of a community-based screening program for cervical cancer in rural Bhutan using self-collected samples for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) testing. The results showed that screening with self-collection of samples and HR-HPV testing can effectively detect women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or worse (hHSIL+).
