Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiayi Sun, Xin Shen, Hui Liu, Siying Lu, Jing Peng, Haibin Kuang
Summary: Caloric restriction (CR) is an intervention that affects female reproduction by regulating the hypothalamic and peripheral mediators, impacting fertility while preserving reproductive capacity. Understanding the comprehensive effects of CR on the central and peripheral systems, as well as its relationship with reproductive-associated diseases, can provide better strategies for managing and preventing female reproductive dysfunctions.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kayla Rapps, Tatiana Kisliouk, Asaf Marco, Aron Weller, Noam Meiri
Summary: KDM4D plays a role in energy balance by regulating the expression of AgRP. Downregulation of Kdm4d mRNA results in enrichment of H3K9me2 on the AgRP promoter and transcriptional repression of AgRP. Upregulation of Kdm4d mRNA in calorically restricted rats leads to demethylation of H3K9 on the AgRP promoter and transcriptional increase of AgRP. Inhibition of KDM4D activity leads to transcriptional repression of AgRP, inhibiting hunger.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Olivia R. Ghosh-Swaby, Amy C. Reichelt, Paul A. S. Sheppard, Jeffrey Davies, Timothy J. Bussey, Lisa M. Saksida
Summary: This article discusses the role of metabolic hormones in neural plasticity and cognition, as well as the relationship between metabolic hormones and metabolic syndromes such as obesity and diabetes. Adjusting metabolic hormone levels can restore metabolic homeostasis and enhance cognitive function.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pedro Castillo, Mariona Palou, Zhi Xin Yau-Qiu, Ana M. Rodriguez, Andreu Palou, Catalina Pico
Summary: It was found in this study that myo-inositol supplementation during lactation can reverse the effects of fetal malnutrition on hypothalamic structure and metabolic health biomarkers in PBMC in rats, partially due to increased leptin sensitivity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meijuan Bai, Peijuan Cao, Yijun Lin, Pengcheng Yu, Shuo Song, Lingling Chen, Lan Wang, Yan Chen
Summary: Short-term caloric restriction (CR) promotes erythropoiesis and ameliorates phenylhydrazine-induced acute anemia.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Takuya Asami, Katsunori Endo, Rina Matsui, Toko Sawa, Yuna Tanaka, Takeru Saiki, Naotaka Tanba, Hadsuki Haga, Sachi Tanaka
Summary: The study found that long-term caloric restriction can help reduce age-related decline in immune system function, including improving the frequency of spleen NK cells, NKT cells, as well as naïve CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, and suppressing the upregulation of T cell exhaustion markers.
MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Monika Slupecka-Ziemilska, Paulina Grzesiak, Pawel Kowalczyk, Piotr Wychowanski, Jaroslaw Wolinski
Summary: Maternal exposure to a high fat diet during gestation and lactation influences small intestinal growth and maturation in rat pups at 21 days old, leading to changes in body weight, BMI, adiposity, histomorphometry, brush border enzyme activity, and intestinal contractility. Offspring from the maternal HFD group showed upregulated mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase-2, suggesting a programming towards obesity. These results emphasize the significant role of maternal diet preferences in the developmental programming of metabolic diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yuhei Mizunoe, Masaki Kobayashi, Hiroki Saito, Akifumi Goto, Ryota Migitaka, Kumi Miura, Naoyuki Okita, Yuka Sudo, Ryoma Tagawa, Miki Yoshida, Ai Umemori, Yoshimi Nakagawa, Hitoshi Shimano, Yoshikazu Higami
Summary: Research indicates that aging leads to muscle atrophy, but long-term caloric restriction can reduce this age-related muscle decline.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pedro Castillo, Catalina Amadora Pomar, Andreu Palou, Mariona Palou, Catalina Pico
Summary: The study aimed to analyze the long-term metabolic effects of leptin supplementation during suckling in the offspring of diet-induced obese rats and the potential benefits of improving maternal diet during lactation. The results showed that leptin treatment significantly improved metabolic profile and body fat accumulation under standard diet conditions, with stronger effects in male offspring. However, under high-fat diet conditions, the offspring of dams fed as high-fat diet showed metabolic alterations that were not observed in the offspring of dams switched to standard diet during lactation. Leptin supplementation improved glucose homeostasis in male offspring but impaired insulin sensitivity in female offspring born to high-fat diet-fed dams. These findings highlight the importance of balanced maternal diet during the perinatal period, especially lactation, for the metabolic health of offspring, and the beneficial effects of leptin supplementation during suckling, particularly in male offspring.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Olivia Nonn, Cornelius Fischer, Sabrina Geisberger, Amin El-Heliebi, Thomas Kroneis, Desiree Forstner, Gernot Desoye, Anne Cathrine Staff, Meryam Sugulle, Ralf Dechend, Ulrich Pecks, Martina Kollmann, Christina Stern, Judith E. Cartwright, Guy S. Whitley, Basky Thilaganathan, Christian Wadsack, Berthold Huppertz, Florian Herse, Martin Gauster
Summary: The study suggests a new alternative route in maternal RAS signaling in pregnancy, indicating a connection between metabolic alterations and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, such as preeclampsia. Levels of specific molecules in placenta may impact healthy development during pregnancy.
Review
Reproductive Biology
Rafael R. Domingues, Milo C. Wiltbank, Laura L. Hernandez
Summary: Maternal use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), the most prescribed antidepressants, has increased in recent decades. However, studies warn of detrimental effects on the fetus and pregnancy outcomes, including low birthweight/small for gestational age and preterm birth. Maternal SSRI use increases maternal and fetal serotonin, leading to vasoconstriction and reduced placental perfusion. Animal studies show similar adverse effects, highlighting their importance in assessing SSRI impacts. The complex interactions between maternal SSRI use, circulating serotonin, blood perfusion regulation, fetal growth, and pregnancy complications are discussed.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariana Fraga Gauthier, Andressa Alves de Andrade, Joana Fisch, Vanessa Feistauer, Ana Moira Moras, Luiza Steffens Reinhardt, Ana Carolina de Moura, Dinara Jaqueline Moura, Silvana de Almeida, Renata Padilha Guedes, Marcia Giovenardi
Summary: Maternal diet has an impact on the progeny's health and adult life. This study reveals that maternal diet affects oxidative stress levels and gene expression related to energy metabolism in the adipose tissue and hypothalamus of the offspring.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meijuan Bai, Yan Wang, Ruomei Han, Lijiao Xu, Meiqin Huang, Jingyu Zhao, Yijun Lin, Shuo Song, Yan Chen
Summary: Intermittent caloric restriction through a modified fasting-mimicking diet was effective in treating autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by reducing disease severity, immune cell infiltration, and demyelination, while promoting tissue recovery.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sang Bum Suh, Nayoung Lee, Jaedeok Kim, Saeha Kim, Sooyeon Jang, Jong Kook Park, Keunwook Lee, Soo Young Choi, Hyung-Joo Kwon, Chan Hee Lee
Summary: The study found that olanzapine can induce metabolic disorders mainly by activating and inflaming hypothalamic microglia, with the application of metformin alleviating this inflammation and preventing metabolic disorders. Female mice are more susceptible to the metabolic side effects of olanzapine.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruth Opoku, Jenna DeCata, Charlotte L. Phillips, Laura C. Schulz
Summary: This study examined the effect of reducing maternal myostatin on the metabolomes of both maternal and fetal serum, as well as the placental metabolome. The results showed distinct differences in the metabolomes of fetal and maternal serum, confirming the impact of maternal myostatin reduction on the fetal metabolic environment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pere Bibiloni, Catalina A. Pomar, Andreu Palou, Juana Sanchez, Francisca Serra
Summary: Elevated miR-222 levels are linked to metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and diabetes. Rats fed an obesogenic diet during lactation have higher miR-222 content in breast milk, leading to increased body fat mass and impaired insulin sensitivity in their offspring. Transfection experiments with miR-222 mimics or inhibitors on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes reveal that miR-222 plays a role in pathways related to insulin signaling, lipid metabolism, and adipogenesis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pedro Castillo, Catalina Amadora Pomar, Andreu Palou, Mariona Palou, Catalina Pico
Summary: The study aimed to analyze the long-term metabolic effects of leptin supplementation during suckling in the offspring of diet-induced obese rats and the potential benefits of improving maternal diet during lactation. The results showed that leptin treatment significantly improved metabolic profile and body fat accumulation under standard diet conditions, with stronger effects in male offspring. However, under high-fat diet conditions, the offspring of dams fed as high-fat diet showed metabolic alterations that were not observed in the offspring of dams switched to standard diet during lactation. Leptin supplementation improved glucose homeostasis in male offspring but impaired insulin sensitivity in female offspring born to high-fat diet-fed dams. These findings highlight the importance of balanced maternal diet during the perinatal period, especially lactation, for the metabolic health of offspring, and the beneficial effects of leptin supplementation during suckling, particularly in male offspring.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pedro Castillo, Ondrej Kuda, Jan Kopecky, Catalina Amadora Pomar, Andreu Palou, Mariona Palou, Catalina Pico
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of improving maternal diet during lactation on the metabolome of milk and offspring plasma in diet-induced obese rats. The results showed that the milk of rats fed a western diet had altered amino acid and carnitine profiles, as well as changes in other metabolites. These alterations were also observed in the plasma of the offspring, but were largely normalized in rats that switched to a standard diet during lactation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marta Alonso-Bernaldez, Andreu Palou-March, Rocio Zamanillo-Campos, Andreu Palou, Mariona Palou, Francisca Serra
Summary: Although nutrient profiling systems are helpful for healthier food choices, assessing overall diet quality is still necessary. This study developed a diet profiling algorithm (DPA) to evaluate nutritional quality, giving a final score and color coding. The DPA considers various factors such as carbohydrate/fiber ratio and energy from saturated fats and sodium, as well as fiber, protein, and macronutrient distribution.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sebastia Galmes, Azahara I. I. Ruperez, Juana Sanchez, Luis A. A. Moreno, Ronja Foraita, Antje Hebestreit, Denes Molnar, Andreu Palou, Catalina Pico
Summary: Insufficient PA in children is a major contributor to obesity and cardiometabolic complications. This study aimed to identify transcript-based biomarkers for early discernment of low PA in children. The analysis revealed differentially expressed genes related to cardiometabolic benefits and metabolic complications, as well as affected pathways associated with protein catabolism, skeletal morphogenesis, and wound healing.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sebastia Galmes, Andreu Palou, Francisca Serra
Summary: The study found that suboptimal vitamin A intake is associated with cardiometabolic risk, with differences observed between sexes and genetic backgrounds. The findings highlight the importance of personalized nutritional advice regarding vitamin A and cardiometabolic risk.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Catalina Pico, Empar Lurbe, Jaap Keijer, Jan Kopecky, Jean-Francois Landrier, Julio Alvarez-Pitti, Jean Charles Martin, Paula Oliver, Andreu Palou, Mariona Palou, Petr Zouhar, Joan Ribot, Ana M. Rodriguez, Juana Sanchez, Francisca Serra, M. Luisa Bonet
Summary: The objective of the INTEGRActiv study is to identify novel integrative biomarkers of PA and its effects on body health in children and adolescents, and to validate these biomarkers through an educational intervention.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)