Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lena Neuper, Daniel Kummer, Desiree Forstner, Jacqueline Guettler, Nassim Ghaffari-Tabrizi-Wizsy, Cornelius Fischer, Herbert Juch, Olivia Nonn, Martin Gauster
Summary: This study investigated the effects of candesartan on trophoblastic PPAR gamma and its target genes in early gestation. The results showed that candesartan did not negatively affect PPAR gamma or its target genes in human trophoblasts, but may influence angiogenesis in the placenta.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yutao Sang, Francesco Tassinari, Kakali Santra, Wenyan Zhang, Claudio Fontanesi, Brian P. Bloom, David H. Waldeck, Jonas Fransson, Ron Naaman
Summary: Controlled reduction of oxygen is crucial for clean energy technologies and aerobic organisms. Researchers have found that chiral electrodes enhance the electron transfer efficiency from oxygen, leading to lower overpotentials and higher current densities, known as the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Brett R. Curtis, Kimberly J. Rak, Aaron Richardson, Kelsey Linstrum, Jeremy M. Kahn, Timothy D. Girard
Summary: This study elucidated the diverse attitudes of ICU providers towards hyperoxemia and conservative oxygen therapy for patients with acute respiratory failure. Barriers to conservative oxygen therapy included concerns about hypoxemia, perceptions that hyperoxemia is not harmful, and a lack of clear evidence supporting conservative oxygen therapy. Interprofessional education and convincing clinical trial evidence were suggested as facilitators for the uptake of conservative oxygenation.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Soumendra N. Bhanja, Junye Wang
Summary: This study introduced microbially mediated carbon cycle processes to investigate the influence of environmental factors on autotrophic respiration (Ra), soil respiration (Rs), and ecosystem respiration (Reco). The results revealed that air and soil temperature, as well as dissolved oxygen levels, are the major factors impacting Ra, Rs, and Reco, while water-filled pore space (WFPS) has the least influence on respiration estimation. This analysis provides insights for future Earth System Models (ESMs) development regarding the crucial roles of environmental drivers in respiration estimation.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Olivier Sulpis, David S. Trossman, Mark Holzer, Emil Jeansson, Siv K. Lauvset, Jack J. Middelburg
Summary: In the dark ocean, the main sink for dissolved oxygen is respiratory organisms. However, estimates of dissolved oxygen utilization rates (OUR) are often obtained using proxies of questionable accuracy and neglecting key regions. The relative contributions of particulate (POC) or dissolved (DOC) organic carbon as respiration substrates in the dark ocean are unknown.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jun Zhou, Zhuo-Yi Zhu, Huan-Ting Hu, Gui-Ling Zhang, Qian-Qian Wang
Summary: The study revealed that oxygen depletion in the near-bottom waters off the Changjiang Estuary is caused by water column respiration and sedimentary oxygen respiration, with contributions of 53% and 47% respectively to the total apparent oxygen utilization. Below the pycnocline, the contribution of water column respiration to the total AOU varied from 24% to 69%, while sedimentary oxygen respiration varied from 31% to 76%.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yuan Gao, Leizi Jiao, Fu Jiao, Daming Dong
Summary: Monitoring fruit spoilage through non-intrusive methods can effectively predict the beginning of spoilage and reduce economic losses by detecting changes in volatile compounds concentrations inside food packages.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Boda Li, Huanting Hu, William M. Berelson, Jess F. Adkins, Laurence Y. Yeung
Summary: The isotopic composition of dissolved oxygen can be used as a tracer for respiration and transport in the subsurface ocean. However, uncertainties in transport parameters and isotopic fractionation factors limit its effectiveness. In this study, new data and a model were used to investigate the oxygen isotopologues in the subsurface Pacific. The results suggest that the traditional isotopic fingerprints associated with oxygen consumption in the Pacific Ocean may need to be reexamined.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chidozie N. Okoye, Don Stevens, Collins Kamunde
Summary: The study found that anoxia-reoxygenation and cadmium have different effects on H2O2 emission in fish liver mitochondria, depending on the substrate used, leading to different response patterns. Additionally, anoxia-reoxygenation inhibits mitochondrial respiration in a substrate-dependent manner.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ginga Shimakawa, Ayaka Kohara, Chikahiro Miyake
Summary: Light-enhanced respiration (LER) occurs in both eukaryotic algae and photosynthetic prokaryote cyanobacteria, with similar physiological characteristics. However, LER in cyanobacteria is uncoupled from photosynthetic electron transport. It is primarily driven by substrates produced during photosynthetic CO2 assimilation and has significant physiological implications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Johan Wikner, Kevin Vikstrom
Summary: Microbial respiration is the main process consuming oxygen in the biosphere. This study provides the first direct estimates of maintenance respiration in nature, showing significant relationships between prokaryotic growth rate and cell-specific respiration. Maintenance respiration plays a dominant role in energy usage in the ocean, with osmoregulation as one significant energy-consuming maintenance activity.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Johan Wikner, Kevin Vikstroem, Ashish Verma
Summary: Plankton respiration plays a vital role in removing oxygen from the ocean and can result in hypoxic or anoxic waters when the oxygen supply is insufficient. This process is particularly problematic in coastal waters due to eutrophication and climate change. Temperature and organic carbon supply are the main factors influencing plankton respiration, but current models still have uncertainties in predicting its regulation. With projected climate change and increased riverine discharges of carbon compounds, oxygen consumption is expected to increase and oxygen levels decrease. Long-term ecological monitoring and improved models are recommended to better understand and manage these changes.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sumit Sen Santara, Angela C. Crespo, Sachin Mulik, Cristian Ovies, Selma Boulenouar, Jack L. Strominger, Judy Lieberman
Summary: Zika virus infection during pregnancy can lead to placental damage and fetal birth defects, with limited understanding of the cellular immune response at the maternal-fetal interface. Research has shown that dNK cells in the first trimester are able to kill Zika virus-infected trophoblasts, indicating that certain immune cells protect the fetus by eliminating infected cells.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergei G. Sokolovski, Edik U. Rafailov, Andrey Y. Abramov, Plamena R. Angelova
Summary: The study found that singlet oxygen generated by 1267 nm laser pulse can activate mitochondrial respiration in neurons and astrocytes, leading to increased ATP production in these cells.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Limnology
Cory P. McDonald, Mahta Naziri Saeed, Dale M. Robertson, Stephanie Prellwitz
Summary: Green Lake, located in central Wisconsin, has experienced annuals metalimnetic oxygen minima since the early 20th century. The severity of this phenomenon has increased over time and late-summer dissolved oxygen concentrations have been consistently low. High-frequency observations reveal that oxygen depletion occurs most rapidly in the metalimnion and shows synchrony throughout the hypolimnion. The severity of the metalimnetic oxygen minimum is determined by the amount of labile organic matter at the onset of stratification and the increase in productivity in the lake.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nadja Kupper, Berthold Huppertz
Summary: This article discusses the importance of the placental exposome on maternal health and normal pregnancy development, as well as the role and interaction of placenta-derived extracellular vesicles in this process.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Jana Pastuschek, Olivia Nonn, Ruby N. Gutierrez-Samudio, Jose M. Murrieta-Coxca, Jasmin Mueller, Juliane Sanft, Berthold Huppertz, Udo R. Markert, Tanja Groten, Diana M. Morales-Prieto
Summary: This study aims to evaluate molecular markers and features matching different trophoblast subpopulations in trophoblastic cell lines to provide guidance on their suitability and relevance for specific research questions. The results suggest that characteristics and markers of choriocarcinoma-derived cell lines are more similar to in vivo trophoblast than immortalized cell lines, making them potentially more suitable models for research on trophoblast biology and pathology.
Article
Oncology
Maria A. Smolle, Laurin Herbsthofer, Barbara Granegger, Mark Goda, Iva Brcic, Marko Bergovec, Susanne Scheipl, Barbara Prietl, Martin Pichler, Armin Gerger, Christopher Rossmann, Jakob Riedl, Martina Tomberger, Pablo Lopez-Garcia, Amin El-Heliebi, Andreas Leithner, Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger, Joanna Szkandera
Summary: This study analyzed TILs and immune checkpoint molecules in soft tissue sarcomas, finding higher levels of PD-L1, PD-1, and any TIL phenotype in myxofibrosarcoma compared to leiomyosarcoma. The presence of regulatory T cells (Tregs) was associated with increased risk of local recurrence, while other TILs or immune checkpoint markers had no significant impact on outcome parameters.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Julian C. Krappinger, Lilli Bonstingl, Katrin Pansy, Katja Sallinger, Nick I. Wreglesworth, Lukas Grinninger, Alexander Deutsch, Amin El-Heliebi, Thomas Kroneis, Ramsay J. Mcfarlane, Christoph W. Sensen, Julia Feichtinger
Summary: This review highlights the origin, function, and potential as therapeutic targets of ncNATs, emphasizing the current gaps in research on these regulatory transcripts.
JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jelena Krstic, Alexander Deutsch, Julia Fuchs, Martin Gauster, Tina Gorsek Sparovec, Ursula Hiden, Julian Christopher Krappinger, Gerit Moser, Katrin Pansy, Marta Szmyra, Daniela Gold, Julia Feichtinger, Berthold Huppertz
Summary: Placenta-specific trophoblast and tumor cells share common characteristics, such as invasion ability and immune evasion. They are both supported by an abetting microenvironment, although trophoblast cells are regulated more tightly.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saghi Zafaranieh, Anna M. Dieberger, Barbara Leopold-Posch, Berthold Huppertz, Sebastian Granitzer, Markus Hengstschlager, Claudia Gundacker, Gernot Desoye, Mireille N. M. van Poppel
Summary: The study suggests that increasing MVPA and reducing ST during pregnancy may help alleviate oxidative stress in the placenta of obese women.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin Gauster, Gerit Moser, Stefan Wernitznig, Nadja Kupper, Berthold Huppertz
Summary: Successful pregnancy relies on the proper development of the embryo and its implantation into the uterine wall. The trophoblast cells play a crucial role in this process, differentiating and forming subpopulations that contribute to placental development and function.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Markus G. Seidel, Karl Kashofer, Tina Moser, Andrea Thueringer, Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger, Andreas Leithner, Joanna Szkandera, Martin Benesch, Amin El-Heliebi, Ellen Heitzer
Summary: Detecting ctDNA in pediatric Ewing sarcoma using ddPCR is a feasible method for monitoring MRD activity in real time. While there is high variability between patients, changes in ctDNA levels correlate well with clinical outcomes within patients.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Freya Lyssy, Jacqueline Guettler, Beatrice A. Brugger, Christina Stern, Desir ee Forstner, Olivia Nonn, Cornelius Fischer, Florian Herse, Stefan Wernitznig, Birgit Hirschmugl, Christian Wadsack, Martin Gauster
Summary: This study investigates the localization and expression profile of S1PR1-S1PR3 in the human placenta. It reveals that S1PR2 is the predominant S1PR in the first trimester, while S1PR1 and S1PR3 increase towards term. S1PR1 is mainly found in endothelial cells, while S1PR2 and S1PR3 are predominantly located in villous trophoblasts. The study also shows that platelet-derived factors can down-regulate S1PR2 expression in trophoblasts.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Desiree Forstner, Jacqueline Guettler, Beatrice A. Brugger, Freya Lyssy, Lena Neuper, Christine Daxboeck, Gerhard Cvirn, Julia Fuchs, Kristin Kraeker, Alina Frolova, Daniela S. Valdes, Christina Stern, Birgit Hirschmugl, Herbert Fluhr, Christian Wadsack, Berthold Huppertz, Olivia Nonn, Florian Herse, Martin Gauster
Summary: Tissue insults in response to inflammation, hypoxia and ischemia cause the release of ATP, which modulates various pathological processes. CD39 and CD73 are two major enzymes that convert extracellular ATP into adenosine. This study investigated the expression of CD39 and CD73 in placental tissue and their regulation in response to platelet-derived factors and oxygen conditions. The results showed that placental CD39 expression increased in preeclampsia and platelet-derived factors led to deregulated CD39 expression. CD39 overexpression decreased extracellular ATP levels and abolished the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta. These findings suggest that increased placental CD39 could be an important anti-coagulant defense mechanism of the placenta.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emmeli Mikkelsen, Berthold Huppertz, Ripudaman Singh, Katarina Ravn, Lotte Hatt, Mogens Kruhoffer, Rheanna Urrabaz-Garza, Niels Uldbjerg, Ramkumar Menon, Torben Steiniche
Summary: Unique markers in fetal membrane cells may be key in the search for biomarkers for preterm prelabor rupture of the fetal membranes (pPROM) in maternal blood. Through transcriptomic analysis and immunohistochemistry, markers exclusively expressed in fetal membranes were identified and their localization confirmed. These findings contribute to the understanding of the biological significance of these markers in the maternal circulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Berthold Huppertz
Summary: Due to the rarity of in vivo measurements of placental oxygenation, scientists had to rely on a limited number of studies that provided some data on the topic. This scarcity led to the development of hypotheses that hindered an objective understanding of placental oxygenation for many years. However, new hypotheses are now emerging, offering fresh perspectives on the topic. Particularly in the field of preeclampsia, previous hypotheses on placental oxygenation have led scientists astray. This review article presents available in vivo placental oxygen data from 8 to 40 weeks of gestation, comparing them with physiological oxygen concentrations and discussing oxygen measurements in preeclampsia cases.
JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Olivia Nonn, Lilli Bonstingl, Katja Sallinger, Lena Neuper, Julia Fuchs, Martin Gauster, Berthold Huppertz, Dagmar Brislinger, Amin El-Heliebi, Herbert Fluhr, Eva Kampelmuhler, Philipp Klaritsch
Summary: Pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 may experience adverse outcomes for their fetus, as exemplified by this case of intrauterine fetal demise. Maternal COVID-19 in the third trimester can lead to placental fibrin deposition and microthrombotic events, causing placental insufficiency and reduced growth velocity. Further research is needed to investigate the thrombogenic effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)