Article
Virology
Roseane da Silva Couto, Geovani de Oliveira Ribeiro, Ramendra Pati Pandey, Elcio Leal
Summary: The genus totivirus in the family Totiviridae contains double-stranded RNA viruses with two open reading frames encoding capsid protein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. AaTV viruses recently identified in mosquitoes share the same genome organization as other totiviruses and can be grouped into at least three phylogenetic clades. Recombinant AaTV strains circulating in mosquitoes in Guadeloupe have different chimeric patterns but share a common recombination breakpoint in a hairpin-like structure in the intergenic region of the AaTV genome. Further in vitro studies are needed to investigate the biological significance of this recombination hotspot.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Manel Barki, Hong Xue
Summary: GABAA receptors play a crucial role in inhibitory functions in the central nervous system, regulating neuronal plasticity and learning. The GABRB2 gene encodes the beta(2) subunit which, when combined with other subunits, forms the major subtype of GABAA receptors and is associated with a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christelle M. el Achkar, Merle Harrer, Lacey Smith, McKenna Kelly, Sumaiya Iqbal, Snezana Maljevic, Cristina E. Niturad, Lisenka E. L. M. Vissers, Annapurna Poduri, Edward Yang, Dennis Lal, Holger Lerche, Rikke S. Moller, Heather E. Olson
Summary: The phenotypic spectrum of GABRB2-related epilepsy ranges broadly, from genetic generalized epilepsy to developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. Most individuals have pharmacoresistant epilepsy, with inconsistent response to medications targeting the GABAergic pathway. Developmental disability and movement disorder are key features.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maja Szymanska-Lejman, Wojciech Dziegielewski, Julia Dluzewska, Nadia Kbiri, Anna Bieluszewska, R. Scott Poethig, Piotr A. Ziolkowski
Summary: The authors develop a seed-typing method to map crossovers by sequencing and find that COs occur preferentially within polymorphic hotspots, depending on the mismatch repair gene MSH2 in Arabidopsis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yu Li, Siyuan Chen, Trisevgeni Rapakoulia, Hiroyuki Kuwahara, Kevin Y. Yip, Xin Gao
Summary: In this study, a computational method named RHSNet is proposed to identify and quantify the determinants of genetic recombination hotspots using deep learning and signal processing. The results show that RHSNet outperforms other methods and can accurately identify hotspot regions and known determinants, as well as quantify the factors that significantly contribute to the formation of recombination hotspots.
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Ran Chen, Wei Zhong, Haoyu Yang, Hao Geng, Fan Yang, Xuan Zeng, Bei Yu
Summary: This article proposes a new end-to-end framework that can efficiently detect multiple hotspots in a large region and improves performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Indrajit Chowdhuri, Subodh Chandra Pal, Asish Saha, Rabin Chakrabortty, Paramita Roy
Summary: In this study, landslide susceptibility and earthquake and landslide hotspot maps were created for the Himalayan mountainous ranges using remote sensing, geological, and hydrological data processed with GIS. Machine learning and deep learning models were applied to analyze the data, with high prediction accuracy observed. These small-scale maps can assist planners and developers in mitigating landslide hazards and land use planning.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marios Nikolaidis, Panayotis Markoulatos, Yves van de Peer, Stephen G. Oliver, Grigorios D. Amoutzias
Summary: Research has shown that coronaviruses have a strong ability for intergenomic recombination, where they can exchange genetic material not only within the same subgenus but also across different CoV genera, other viruses, and even hosts. These events often occur at double crossovers surrounding the Spike ORF, indicating the instability and mobility of this genomic region.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yongwei Liu, Yuanbo Liu, Wen Wang, Han Zhou
Summary: Droughts in Southeastern Asia have been a significant issue, with the study finding that droughts have alleviated in the warm season but intensified in the cold season over the past four decades. This poses challenges for crop growth, with implications for agriculture in the region.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sedigheh Mohamadi, Mehdi Honarmand, Sadegh Ghazanfari, Reza Hassanzadeh
Summary: Applying an efficient tool for assessing groundwater quality proxies is crucial due to abrupt changes induced by climate change and over-abstracting. This study examines the use of hotspot analysis and accumulated hotspot analysis to assess groundwater quality representatives for drinking usage.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Cong-He Zhang, Hao-Ran Guo, Hao Huang, Tian-Yi Ma, Wei Song, Chong-Juan Chen, Xue-Yan Liu
Summary: Anthropogenic nitrogen emissions are driving increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition in many regions. This study focused on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in northern China and found high levels of total inorganic nitrogen deposition, posing ecological risks. Gaseous nitrogen accounted for a significant portion of deposition, with different transformation and deposition mechanisms observed for ammonia and nitrates under high emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Susan K. Amundsen, Alex Richardson, Khoi Ha, Gerald R. Smith
Summary: Escherichia coli RecBCD helicase-nuclease plays a crucial role in promoting DNA double-strand breaks repair through homologous recombination. The nuclease domain (Nuc) is connected to the helicase domain by a tether, and upon DNA binding, the nuclease moves from the tunnel exit to a distant position on RecC's surface to cut at Chi recombination hotspots. Mutations in the flexible surface loop on RecC and RecB Nuc affect the coordination among the subunits, reducing Chi hotspot activity but not eliminating it. These findings support the swing and signal transduction models of RecBCD nuclease.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takahiro Hosono, Shunki Nakashima, Masahiro Tanoue, Kimpei Ichiyanagi
Summary: Eastern Asia is a significant contributor to global air pollution. This study provides a detailed understanding of the transportation and deposition of trace metals in the atmosphere in a hotspot region under monsoon climate conditions. The findings reveal that during winter, metals emitted through coal combustion are intensively deposited along the western coast of the Japanese archipelago due to heavy snowfall, resulting in excessive lead concentrations in precipitation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kouji Hirota
Summary: Meiotic recombination is a crucial event for accurate chromosome segregation and genetic diversity in gametes. Spo11 plays a key role in initiating meiotic recombination by catalyzing double-strand breaks (DSBs). DSBs caused by Spo11 are repaired through homologous recombination, resulting in physical contact between homologous chromosomes. Recombination hotspots, non-uniformly induced sites of meiotic recombination, exist in genomes. The fission yeast ade6-M26 is a well-studied recombination hotspot.
Article
Ecology
Matej Znaminko, Lukas Falteisek, Kristyna Vrbicka, Petra Klimova, Jesper R. Christiansen, Christian J. Jorgensen, Marek Stibal
Summary: Subglacial environments provide conditions suitable for microbial methane production, and high methane emissions have been discovered at a glacier in Greenland. The microbial assemblage exported in meltwater from the methane release hotspot is mainly composed of methylotrophs, and their relative abundance increases as the melt season progresses.
Article
Hematology
Yi Cheng, Xuan Shang, Diyu Chen, Dejian Pang, Cunyou Zhao, Xiangmin Xu
Summary: KLF6 has been identified as a potential regulator of erythropoiesis, with miR-2355-5p affecting gamma-globin synthesis by suppressing KLF6 expression. This interaction may offer valuable insights for the clinical management of beta-thalassaemia patients.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ji Tao, Chun-Yan Ren, Zhi-Yuan Wei, Fuquan Zhang, Jinyu Xu, Jian-Huan Chen
Summary: Research on CSDS mouse models has revealed dynamic changes in G-to-A RNA editing in the brain, indicating its potential role as a molecular mechanism underlying CSDS and stress-related diseases.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yu Xia, Zhi-Yuan Wei, Rui He, Jia-Huan Li, Zhi-Xin Wang, Jun-Da Huo, Jian-Huan Chen
Summary: The study identified a new beta-galactosidase in Erwinia sp. E602 and conducted de novo genome assembly using a combination of Illumina and PacBio sequencing technology. The genome of E602 revealed a large plasmid with genes related to lactose metabolism and regulation, including a novel lac operon lacking the lacA gene. Phylogenetic analysis indicated positive selection in lacY and lacZ genes, suggesting adaptation of lactose metabolism in Erwinia sp. E602. The hybrid de novo genome assembly and metabolic pathway analysis provided a useful strategy for understanding the evolution of undiscovered microbial species or strains.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhi-Yuan Wei, Jun-Hua Rao, Ming-Tian Tang, Guo-An Zhao, Qi-Chun Li, Li-Ming Wu, Shao-Qiang Liu, Bi-Hai Li, Bai-Quan Xiao, Xing-Yin Liu, Jian-Huan Chen
Summary: Recent population studies have advanced our understanding of how age shapes the gut microbiota. However, the actual role of age is confounded by complex environmental factors. This study used crab-eating macaques reared in captivity to investigate the age-dependent changes in their gut microbiota, finding that both the taxonomic diversity and network connectivity of the microbiota were age-dependent, with potential implications for healthy aging.
GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jiang-Mei Gao, Jun-Hua Rao, Zhi-Yuan Wei, Shou-Yue Xia, Li Huang, Ming-Tian Tang, Geoff Hide, Ting-Ting Zheng, Jia-Huan Li, Guo-An Zhao, Yun-Xiao Sun, Jian-Huan Chen
Summary: Metagenomic analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Megasphaera significantly increased in cynomolgus monkeys with tolerance to a high-fat diet, and transplantation of Megasphaera reduced blood lipid levels in hyperlipidemia rats.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jing-Qian Zhang, Jia-Qi Pan, Zhi-Yuan Wei, Chun-Yan Ren, Fu-Xia Ru, Shou-Yue Xia, Yu-Shan He, Kaisheng Lin, Jian-Huan Chen
Summary: Recent studies suggest that A-to-I RNA editing is associated with impaired brain function and neurological disorders. This study found altered A-to-I RNA editing in the brain tissues of septic patients, with these edits being related to genes potentially implicated in neurological diseases. Additionally, fewer gene functions and pathways were enriched by edited genes in sepsis. These findings provide important insights into the role of A-to-I RNA editing in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Fu-Xia Ru, Fanzhi Kong, Chun-Yan Ren, Yu-Shan He, Shou-Yue Xia, Yu-Ning Li, Ya-Ping Liang, Jun-Jie Feng, Zhi-Yuan Wei, Jian-Huan Chen
Summary: Winner-loser effects influence subsequent agonistic interactions between conspecifics. Previous winning experiences could strengthen future aggression, while previous losing experiences could have the opposite effect. This study investigates A-to-I RNA editing in the mouse dorsal striatum in a chronic social conflict model, and finds differences in editing patterns between mice repeatedly winning and losing daily agonistic interactions, highlighting its role in the molecular mechanism of agonistic interactions between conspecifics.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Xiongze Zhang, Miaoling Li, Bihai Li, Nanying Liao, Zhiyuan Wei, Jiangmei Gao, Yunxiao Sun, Jianhuan Chen, Junhua Rao, Feng Wen
Summary: This study investigated and tracked the age-related fundus degenerations in Macaca fascicularis using multimodal imaging. The differences and similarities between the fundus degenerations in Macaca fascicularis and humans were identified. The findings of this study provide important insights for future translational research in degenerative fundus diseases.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Ancha Baranova, Jun Wang, Hongbao Cao, Jiang-Huan Chen, Jiu Chen, Miao Chen, Sulin Ni, Xijia Xu, Xiaoyan Ke, Shiping Xie, Jing Sun, Fuquan Zhang
Summary: This study uncovers the genetic relationships between ADHD and ASD, as well as their connections with extraversion. It also identifies novel shared genetic loci for ADHD and ASD.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wenquan Liang, Yu Hou, Weiyuan Huang, Yunqian Wang, Tingyun Jiang, Xingbing Huang, Zhongju Wang, Fengchun Wu, Jiawei Zheng, Jie Zhang, Haiyan Ou, Shuyun Li, Junjiao Ping, Yuan Zhang, Junping Ye, Zhongwei Li, Qiong Yang, Jian Zhang, Xianzhen Zheng, Shufen Li, Xin-Hong Zhu, Rongqing Chen, Cunyou Zhao
Summary: This study identified a down-regulated microRNA, miR-501-3p, associated with schizophrenia and explored its role in the modulation of glutamatergic transmission. Loss of miR-501-3p in mice resulted in dendritic structure defects, enhanced glutamatergic transmission, and disruptions in sociability, memory, and sensorimotor gating. The study also revealed metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) as a target of miR-501-3p and showed that treatment with mGluR5 modulators improved the observed deficits.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ailing He, Peng Wang, Aihua Zhu, Yankui Liu, Jianhuan Chen, Li Liu
Summary: The study proposes a general radiomics model to predict the IDH mutation status of gliomas using MRI images. After numerous experiments, an optimal pipeline was identified for classification, and radiomic features that distinguish the IDH mutation status were analyzed.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Fan-Sheng Kong, Chun-Yan Ren, Ruofan Jia, Yuan Zhou, Jian-Huan Chen, Yaping Ma
Summary: SLC31A1 is a gene associated with multiple tumor types and disease prognosis, with cuproptosis-regulatory functions. This study provides important clues for further elucidating the role of SLC31A1 in multiple tumor types.
BMC MEDICAL GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zhi-Yuan Wei, Zhi-Xin Wang, Jia-Huan Li, Yan-Shuo Wen, Di Gao, Shou-Yue Xia, Yu-Ning Li, Xu-Bin Pan, Yan-Shan Liu, Yun-Yun Jin, Jian-Huan Chen
Summary: This study analyzed A-to-I RNA editing during intracellular bacterial infections using 18 RNA-Seq datasets of 210 mouse samples. A consensus signature of RNA editing for intracellular bacterial infections was identified, mainly involving neutrophil-mediated innate immunity and lipid metabolism. Comparison with single-strand RNA (ssRNA) viruses showed remarkable similarities and differences, providing new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Junping Ye, Zhanwang Huang, Qiyang Li, Zhongwei Li, Yuting Lan, Zhongju Wang, Chaoying Ni, Xiaohui Wu, Tingyun Jiang, Yujing Li, Qiong Yang, Junghwa Lim, Cun-Yan Ren, Meijun Jiang, Shufen Li, Peng Jin, Jian-Huan Chen, Cunyou Zhao
Summary: Major psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are complex genetic mental illnesses. This study identified genetic variants associated with allelic imbalances in hydroxymethylation maps and discussed their effects on dysregulated gene expression, ultimately contributing to disease susceptibility. The research sheds light on the interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors in mediating susceptibility to SCZ or BPD.
Article
Immunology
Jiali Zhang, Ji Tao, Ruo-Nan Gao, Zhi-Yuan Wei, Yu-Shan He, Chun-Yan Ren, Qi-Chun Li, Yan-Shan Liu, Ke-Wei Wang, Gong Yang, Chengjia Qian, Jian-Huan Chen
Summary: The study evaluated the expression of major cytotoxic T-cell trafficking chemokines and associated microbiota profiles in CRC patients, finding increased expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 in tumor tissues. The high expression of CXCL9 was associated with enhanced CD8(+) T-cell infiltration and improved survival. Interestingly, the microbiota in tumor tissues showed reduced diversity and an increase in oral bacteria, with differences in microbial composition between tumor and adjacent normal tissues.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)