Article
Food Science & Technology
Ryo Ezaki, Tetsushi Sakuma, Daisuke Kodama, Ryou Sasahara, Taichi Shiraogawa, Kennosuke Ichikawa, Mei Matsuzaki, Akihiro Handa, Takashi Yamamoto, Hiroyuki Horiuchi
Summary: Recent genome editing technology has made it possible to generate eggs from chickens that do not contain the major egg allergen, ovomucoid (OVM). In this study, the safety of these eggs as food was evaluated and it was found that the eggs did not contain the mature OVM allergen and the gene editing vectors did not integrate into the chicken's genome. These results highlight the importance of safety evaluation and demonstrate that these OVM knockout eggs can help solve the allergy problem in food and vaccines.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Kelly Urbanek, Danica M. Sutherland, Robert C. Orchard, Craig B. Wilen, Jonathan J. Knowlton, Pavithra Aravamudhan, Gwen M. Taylor, Herbert W. Virgin, Terence S. Dermody
Summary: Through a CRISPR cell survival screen, two genes - Cmas and Slc35a1 were identified as host genes required for reovirus infection of microglial cells by promoting sialic acid expression on the cell surface. These findings expand understanding of receptors engaged by reovirus on microglial cells and may lead to new strategies for targeting microglial cells for oncolytic applications.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Songjiang Wu, Ling Jiang, Li Lei, Chuhan Fu, Jinhua Huang, Yibo Hu, Yumeng Dong, Jing Chen, Qinghai Zeng
Summary: Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause DNA damage, protein-DNA crosslinking, and lead to cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging. G-quadruplex (G4) is a common nucleic acid structure in gene regulatory regions, and abnormalities in G4 formation and destruction affect various cellular processes. G4s are highly susceptible to oxidative damage and play important roles in aging and age-related diseases. This review summarizes the interaction between ROS and G4s and their regulatory mechanisms in aging and diseases.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Fuminori Tanihara, Maki Hirata, Takeshige Otoi
Summary: With the efficient introduction of site-specific modifications into cells via gene editors, the effort and time required to generate genetically modified pigs have been dramatically reduced. Additionally, gene editors enable direct gene modification during embryogenesis, bypassing the SCNT procedure. A range of strategies is now available for porcine gene engineering, including zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and the CRISPR/Cas system.
JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Min-Hee Kang, Muniyandi Jeyaraj, Jin-Hoi Kim
Summary: Several studies have demonstrated the molecular mechanisms involved in the biogenesis and release of exosomes. PtNPs were shown to enhance exosome secretion in A549 cells by inducing oxidative stress and the ceramide pathway. Pre-treatment with NAC could inhibit the PtNPs-induced exosome biogenesis and release.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min-Kyeung Choi, Minh Thong Le, Hye-Sun Cho, Juyoung Lee, Hyoim Jeon, Se-Yeoun Cha, Manheum Na, Taehoon Chun, Jin-Hoi Kim, Hyuk Song, Chankyu Park
Summary: The study on PG1 transgenic mice showed positive effects in resisting Staphylococcus aureus infection, with reduced lung injury, improved bacteria clearance, and lower inflammation. However, some individuals developed eye problems, indicating the importance of AMP expression regulation and localization to prevent adverse effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Min-Hee Kang, Jin-Hoi Kim
Summary: Exosomes are nanoscale membrane vesicles secreted by cells, which play important roles in intercellular communication and disease diagnosis. Research on exosomes has great potential in biomedical fields, but the underlying biological mechanisms require further exploration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katy S. Stoecklein, M. Sofia Ortega, Lee D. Spate, Clifton N. Murphy, Randall S. Prather
Summary: This study investigated the potential of adding a combination of three cytokines (FGF2, LIF, and IGF1) named FLI to improve the development and quality of in vitro produced bovine embryos. Results showed that the addition of FLI increased the success rate of oocyte maturation and blastocyst development, as well as improved the quality of embryos by reducing lipid content and enhancing cytoskeleton integrity. This supplementation also decreased cell apoptosis post-thaw, indicating its potential to alleviate challenges associated with cryo-survival of in vitro produced bovine embryos.
Correction
Cell Biology
Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Min-Hee Kang, Muniyandi Jeyaraj, Muhammad Qasim, Jin-Hoi Kim
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hye-sun Cho, Munjeong Choi, Yunjung Lee, Hyoim Jeon, Byeongyong Ahn, Nagasundarapandian Soundrarajan, Kwonho Hong, Jin-Hoi Kim, Chankyu Park
Summary: The study found that using broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide PMAP-36 can effectively isolate high-quality RNA from various bacteria, providing an efficient method for nucleic acid isolation. Additionally, the use of PMAP-36 also successfully isolates high-quality genomic DNA from challenging bacterial strains, offering a new option for microbiome research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Krishanu Saha, Erik J. Sontheimer, P. J. Brooks, Melinda R. Dwinell, Charles A. Gersbach, David R. Liu, Stephen A. Murray, Shengdar Q. Tsai, Ross C. Wilson, Daniel G. Anderson, Aravind Asokan, Jillian F. Banfield, Krystof S. Bankiewicz, Gang Bao, Jeff W. M. Bulte, Nenad Bursac, Jarryd M. Campbell, Daniel F. Carlson, Elliot L. Chaikof, Zheng-Yi Chen, R. Holland Cheng, Karl J. Clark, David T. Curiel, James E. Dahlman, Benjamin E. Deverman, Mary E. Dickinson, Jennifer A. Doudna, Stephen C. Ekker, Marina E. Emborg, Guoping Feng, Benjamin S. Freedman, David M. Gamm, Guangping Gao, Ionita C. Ghiran, Peter M. Glazer, Shaoqin Gong, Jason D. Heaney, Jon D. Hennebold, John T. Hinson, Anastasia Khvorova, Samira Kiani, William R. Lagor, Kit S. Lam, Kam W. Leong, Jon E. Levine, Jennifer A. Lewis, Cathleen M. Lutz, Danith H. Ly, Samantha Maragh, Paul B. McCray, Todd C. McDevitt, Oleg Mirochnitchenko, Ryuji Morizane, Niren Murthy, Randall S. Prather, John A. Ronald, Subhojit Roy, Sushmita Roy, Venkata Sabbisetti, W. Mark Saltzman, Philip J. Santangelo, David J. Segal, Mary Shimoyama, Melissa C. Skala, Alice F. Tarantal, John C. Tilton, George A. Truskey, Moriel Vandsburger, Jonathan K. Watts, Kevin D. Wells, Scot A. Wolfe, Qiaobing Xu, Wen Xue, Guohua Yi, Jiangbing Zhou
Summary: The NIH's SCGE Consortium aims to develop safer and more effective methods to edit disease-relevant somatic cell genomes in patients, even in hard-to-reach tissues. Their approach includes rigorous validation of technology through third-party testing in animals to accelerate clinical development of new therapies.
Review
Developmental Biology
Rodney D. Geisert, Ashley E. Meyer, Caroline A. Pfeiffer, Destiny N. Johns, Kiho Lee, Kevin D. Wells, Thomas E. Spencer, Randall S. Prather
Summary: The development of viviparity in mammals requires the evolution of the placenta as an intermediate interface between the fetus and maternal uterus, as well as the modification or inhibition of the maternal immune system. CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology has provided a direct approach to investigate the specific role of conceptus factors in pregnancy establishment and maintenance, altering our understanding of maternal recognition and maintenance of pregnancy in pigs.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
S. Youk, M. T. Le, M. Kang, B. Ahn, M. Choi, K. Kim, T. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, C. S. Ho, C. Park
Summary: A high-resolution typing method was developed for swine leukocyte antigen 3 (SLA-3), identifying 21 alleles with four novel ones, although the allelic diversity of SLA-3 was lower compared to SLA-1 and -2. More SLA-3 alleles were observed in Landrace and Yorkshire breeds, with SLA-3*04:01 being the most widely distributed allele across all breeds. This method aids in analyzing major SLA genes from field samples, enhancing understanding of immune responses and genetic makeup.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rodney D. Geisert, Destiny N. Johns, Caroline A. Pfeiffer, Riley M. Sullivan, Caroline G. Lucas, Constantine A. Simintiras, Bethany K. Redel, Kevin D. Wells, Thomas E. Spencer, Randall S. Prather
Summary: CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology allows for the study of specific genes involved in reproductive regulation, particularly in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Research on gene editing of porcine conceptuses provides new insights into the regulation of endometrial function, while in vitro studies using endometrial organoids offer an alternative method for studying specific endometrial genes.
MOLECULAR REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Min-Hee Kang, Hyuk Song, Nam Hyung Kim, Jin-Hoi Kim
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized membrane-enclosed compartments that act as messengers in cell-to-cell communication. They influence the phenotype and function of recipient cells by transferring functional proteins and genetic information. Various types of EVs are present in biological fluids, carrying cargoes such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. EVs associated with the reproductive system play a significant role in regulating physiological events such as gamete maturation, fertilization, and embryo and fetal development.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Ah Reum Lee, Jin Hoi Kim
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 has caused a pandemic of COVID-19, and some patients have acquired secondary infections such as black fungus disease. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent high mortality and morbidity rates. Uncontrolled diabetes and immunosuppression are major risk factors, and the use of steroids can increase the risk of black fungus infection. Novel and effective antimicrobial agents are needed to combat this infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Jin Hoi Kim
Summary: Graphene oxide (GO) stimulates exosome biogenesis and release in human ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3), indicating its potential as a tool for targeting the exosome pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Katherine Bishara, Jennie H. H. Kwon, Morgan A. A. Hill, Kristi L. L. Helke, Russell A. A. Norris, Kristin Whitworth, Randall S. S. Prather, Taufiek Konrad Rajab
Summary: A transgenic strain of pigs expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) was created, and GFP expression in the semilunar valves and great arteries was characterized. Immunofluorescence was used to visualize and quantify GFP expression and its colocalization with nuclear staining. GFP expression was confirmed in both the semilunar valves and great arteries of the transgenic pigs.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Kristin M. M. Whitworth, Jonathan A. A. Green, Bethany K. K. Redel, Rodney D. D. Geisert, Kiho Lee, Bhanu P. P. Telugu, Kevin D. D. Wells, Randall S. S. Prather
Summary: Genetic modification of animals through selective breeding is essential for modern agriculture, but it has limitations. In order to sustainably improve animal production and feed the growing global population, responsive and precise breeding strategies are needed. The emergence of genome editing tools provides a solution, and germline engineering in pigs is a significant development in this field.
CABI AGRICULTURE & BIOSCIENCE
(2022)