4.6 Article

Anthocyanins, Phenolic Acids and Antioxidant Properties of Jucara Fruits (Euterpe edulis M.) Along the On-tree Ripening Process

Journal

PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION
Volume 69, Issue 2, Pages 142-147

Publisher

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11130-014-0406-0

Keywords

Jucara; Euterpe edulis M; Fruit ripening; Antioxidant capacity; Mass spectrometry

Funding

  1. Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
  2. Doctoral Degree Sandwich Program under the Coordination for the Improvement of High Education Personnel (Capes, Brazil)

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Jucara (Euterpe edulis M.) fruits are an interesting source of phenolic compounds, mainly anthocyanins, making them valuable to the food and pharmaceutical industries. Jucara fruits were harvested along the on-tree ripening process between March and June as practiced in Parana state, Brazil and examined for their total anthocyanin content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), total phenolic acid (TPA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAA). Overall, TAC increased (91.52-236.19 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent/100 g dm) whereas TPC (81.69-49.09 mg GAE/g dm) and TPA (44.27-30.95 mg/100 g dm) decreased during ripening of jucara fruits. Use of tandem mass spectrometry allowed the identification of cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, peonidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-rutinoside for the first time in jucara fruits. The analysis of the phenolic acids by HPLC-MS/MS indicated the presence of gallic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, chlorogenic, caffeic, syringic, p-coumaric, sinapinic and ferulic acids. The high antioxidant capacity using DPPH radical scavenging capacity (655.89-745.32 mu mol TE/g dm) and ORAC assays (1088.10-2071.55 mu mol TE/g dm) showed that jucara fruits have potential as a source of novel natural antioxidants for disease prevention and health promotion, and also as natural food additives for developing new functional food products.

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