News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeff Tollefson
Summary: The Environmental Protection Agency has released draft regulations that pave the way for a major shift to electric vehicles.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Alton Y. K. Chua, Anjan Pal, Snehasish Banerjee
Summary: The aim of this study is to develop and validate a conceptual model that explains the factors influencing individuals' behavioral intention to accept AI-based recommendations. The model includes attitude toward AI, trust, perceived accuracy, and uncertainty level. The model was tested through an experiment using a simulated AI-enabled investment recommendation system. The results showed that attitude toward AI was positively associated with behavioral intention, trust, and perceived accuracy. Uncertainty level moderated the relationship between attitude, trust, perceived accuracy, and behavioral intention. This study contributes to the understanding of how users decide to accept AI-enabled advice and the role of AI recommendation systems in high involvement services.
COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Tanvee Varma, Cary P. P. Gross, Jennifer E. E. Miller
Summary: This Editorial examines current policy efforts in the US aimed at achieving adequate racial and ethnic diversity in clinical trials, highlighting barriers to consistency and acceptable representation, and proposing measures to address these challenges.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tim Raine, Silvio Danese
Summary: There is a high level of uncertainty in the treatment response for patients starting a new treatment for inflammatory bowel disease. To overcome the current limitations, improvements are needed in areas such as diagnosis, treatment stratification, response monitoring, and clinical trial design.
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aisling Irwin
Summary: The report outlines a range of challenges, from harnessing the power of mRNA vaccines to the battle for temporary relief on intellectual property rights.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Hallgeir Halvari, Anja H. Olafsen
Summary: With the aging population, politicians are interested in delaying retirement to benefit national economies. This study examines the association between different types of work motivation and retirement-related factors and intentions. Four profiles of work motivation among older workers were identified: Low Motivation, Autonomous Motivation, High Motivation, and Amotivated. The Autonomous and High Motivation profiles showed higher levels of vigor, lower levels of job stress and turnover intentions, and lower retirement intentions. However, the High Motivation profile experienced significantly more job stress. Overall, the results suggest the importance of motivating older workers to stay longer at work and reducing job stress.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Agronomy
David M. Deery, Hamlyn G. Jones
Summary: Field phenomics is seen as a promising technology to assist plant breeders, but there are limited examples of its application in breeding programs. To better serve breeders, it is crucial to focus on their needs and enhance partnerships between phenomics researchers and plant breeders.
Article
Immunology
Mark Hanly, Timothy Churches, Oisin Fitzgerald, C. Raina MacIntyre, Louisa Jorm
Summary: The Australian government aims to vaccinate the adult population by the end of October 2021, but faces logistical challenges. The key factor determining the duration of the vaccine rollout is the number of doses that can be administered per day. Speed is crucial to minimize lockdown risks and epidemic waves.
Article
Microbiology
Alexander M. Tatara, Ronak G. Gandhi, David J. Mooney, Sandra B. Nelson
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia remains clinically challenging, but patients treated with ticagrelor may have better infection outcomes. Potential mechanisms of ticagrelor's effects on S. aureus virulence include direct antibacterial activity, boosting platelet-mediated immune responses, and preventing bacterial adhesion to host tissues. Further research is needed to confirm the role of antiplatelet medications in the treatment of S. aureus infection.
Article
Economics
Lilia Karpinska, Slawomir Smiech
Summary: This study provides new evidence on the characteristics of energy-poor households in Poland and the determinants for escaping energy poverty, revealing that energy poverty is a temporary state with lower likelihood of escape for the poor. Two distinct energy-poverty profiles are identified, including middle-aged inhabitants in rural areas and elderly pensioners in urban areas.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Xun Xin, Wenjing Cai, Xueyuan Gao, Tingting Liu
Summary: Studies have shown that job crafting influences employees' working outcomes and turnover intention, through organizational instrumentality and inclusive leadership. Job crafting is positively related to organizational instrumentality, leading to decreased turnover intention. Inclusive leadership not only moderates the path from job crafting to organizational instrumentality, but also moderates the entire mediational relationship.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Carin Magnhagen
Summary: Individuals of the same species often exhibit consistent differences in behavior, which are known as personalities. This study focused on the nest-guarding male common gobies and found that they showed individual variations in their behavioral responses to simulated predation risk. The study also revealed differences in nesting success, with some nests being abandoned prematurely. The results suggested that nesting success in these gobies is influenced by both behavioral patterns and size.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariana Lenharo
Summary: Emerging generalist models can address the limitations of first-generation machine-learning tools in clinical applications.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Chris Impey
Summary: This overview discusses the current status and future prospects of the search for life in the universe. It explores three realms of space where the search for life is being conducted - habitable locations in our Solar System, exoplanet atmospheres, and potential signs of extraterrestrial civilizations. The article assesses the likelihood of success in each realm and identifies the most promising near-term prospects for detection, such as the search for biomarkers in exoplanet atmospheres. The article also mentions the potential discovery of relic traces of life in ancient Mars rocks and the challenges of searching for extraterrestrial intelligence. Ultimately, the discovery of life, particularly on an exoplanet, is deemed to be one of the most significant milestones in scientific history.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jia Guo, Xiaoshan Zhang, Yi Gao, Zhangwei Wang, Meigen Zhang, Wenbo Xue, Hartmut Herrmann, Guy Pierre Brasseur, Tao Wang, Zhe Wang
Summary: Increasing surface ozone (O3) concentrations has become a major air pollution problem in urban regions worldwide. This study proposes a new approach (EKMA) to diagnose the ozone formation regime using easily accessible O3 and NO2 observation datasets. By mapping the monitored data on a modeling diagram, the ozone formation regime and historical evolution of precursors can be illustrated. The findings show that for most urban regions in China, the ozone formation is currently associated with a VOC-limited regime.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luis F. Salome-Abarca, Cees A. M. J. J. van den Hondel, Ozlem Erol, Peter G. L. Klinkhamer, Hye Kyong Kim, Young Hae Choi
Summary: The fungal endophytes isolated from latex bearing species showed potential to expand host plant chemical diversity. By utilizing HPTLC for metabolic profiling, the strains exhibited strong correlation between chemical profiles and colony size, indicating a role in plant defense mechanisms through biotransformation or metabolite induction. This study highlights the robustness of HPTLC-based metabolomics in monitoring interactions among fungal endophytes, host plant, and phytopathogens.
Article
Plant Sciences
Luis Francisco Salome-Abarca, Thomas van der Toorn, Rogier van Vugt, Peter G. L. Klinkhamer, Young Hae Choi
Summary: The study investigated the chemical composition of latex and its antiherbivory activity, finding that latexes from different species had similar chemical profiles but higher mortality rates against thrips. The main metabolites correlated with antiherbivory activity were triterpenoids and steroids.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Maria F. Nava-Ocampo, Lamya Al Fuhaid, Robert Verpoorte, Young Hae Choi, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Johannes S. Vrouwenvelder, Geert J. Witkamp, Andreia S. F. Farinha, Szilard S. Bucs
Summary: The study demonstrates that NADES can act as a biofilm structural breaker, solubilizing the main components of biofilms and weakening their structure, potentially serving as an environmentally-friendly green solvent for biofilm treatment.
Article
Plant Sciences
Dinar S. C. Wahyuni, Young Hae Choi, Kirsten A. Leiss, Peter G. L. Klinkhamer
Summary: Research on Gladiolus resistance to western flower thrips indicates a correlation between resistance and epidermal papillae density as well as specific metabolites. Varieties with higher resistance tend to have higher papillae density and specific compounds that contribute to thrips resistance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Martine Huberty, Katja Steinauer, Robin Heinen, Renske Jongen, S. Emilia Hannula, Young Hae Choi, T. Martijn Bezemer
Summary: This study investigates the influence of time of conditioning on soil microbiome composition, plant growth, and metabolomics, and plant-insect interactions. The results show that the biomass response of the test plants to soil conditioning remained consistent throughout the year, even though both the soil microbiome and leaf metabolomic responses to conditioned soil varied greatly over time. These soil-induced changes in the metabolome of plants over time can be an important driver of above-ground multitrophic interactions in nature.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lina M. Bayona, Nicole J. de Voogd, Young Hae Choi
Summary: This review provides an overview of the use of metabolomics in the study of marine organisms, exploring its similarities with plant and human metabolomics. It covers the entire process of metabolomics studies and provides insights into various aspects to consider in marine metabolomics research.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maciej Strzemski, Slawomir Dresler, Beata Podkoscielna, Kamil Skic, Ireneusz Sowa, Daniel Zaluski, Rob Verpoorte, Sylwia Zielinska, Pawel Krawczyk, Magdalena Wojciak
Summary: This study evaluated the potential of using volatile natural deep eutectic solvents (VNADESs) for the efficient and environmentally friendly extraction of Chelidonium alkaloids. The results showed that the use of appropriate VNADESs formulations led to higher extraction yields compared to traditional methods.
Article
Plant Sciences
Orchidea Rachmaniah, Erica G. Wilson, Young Hae Choi, Geert-Jan Witkamp, Robert Verpoorte
Summary: This study developed a natural deep eutectic solvent-based extraction method for galanthamine and found that some acidic and sugar mixtures showed the best results. The natural deep eutectic solvent was more selective for galanthamine compared to methanol extraction.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Novi Safriani, Fransisca Rungkat Zakaria, Endang Prangdimurti, Suwarti, Robert Verpoorte, Nancy Dewi Yuliana
Summary: Many edible plants have been found to exhibit immunomodulatory activities, but the bioactive compounds responsible for these effects have not been identified. Metabolomics offers a key tool for identifying these compounds in plant extracts. However, its application to the study of immunomodulatory effects of food plants is still underdeveloped.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hocelayne Paulino Fernandes, Luis Francisco Salome-Abarca, Rosana Goncalves Pereira, Janaina Brandao Seibert, Geraldo Jose Silva-Junior, Maria Fatima Das Gracas Fernandes da Silva, Young Hae Choi
Summary: Citrus black spot is a disease caused by a fungus that affects citrus plants, resulting in economic losses. The study found that lemon is susceptible to the disease, while Tahiti lime is resistant. Metabolomic analysis revealed the presence of certain metabolites in Tahiti lime that play a role in its resistance to the disease.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
R. Verpoorte, H. K. Kim, Y. H. Choi
Summary: The aim of this article is to review the risks of artifact formation in metabolomics analyses. The article discusses the potential chemical reactions and contaminations that can lead to artifact formation during the analytical steps of metabolomics analyses. It emphasizes the importance of proper compound identification and validation of protocols for reproducible analyses in metabolomics.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Cristiano S. Funari, Daniel Rinaldo, Vanderlan S. Bolzani, Robert Verpoorte
Summary: This review article investigates the response of phytochemists to green chemistry insights since the launch of the Pollution Prevention Act in 1990. Highly cited phytochemistry papers from each year between 1990 and 2019 were sampled to assess the greenness of experimental procedures, particularly regarding the use of solvents. Progress in sustainability was observed in the extraction stage, but not in purification procedures, where hazardous solvents like chloroform and dichloromethane were still commonly used. Potential alternative approaches for more sustainable purification procedures are discussed, along with initiatives for a broader sustainable phytochemical research.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Purin Candra Purnama, Leonardo Castellanos Hernandez, Robert Verpoorte
Summary: The presence and significance of endophytes in plant biosynthetic pathways is still unclear. Fungicide treatments have varying effects on plants, such as decreasing taxol content in Taxus and causing the disappearance of ergot alkaloids in Ipomoea asarifolia. Fungicides also affect the primary and secondary metabolism of plants, as observed in Narcissus pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton and Jacobaea.
Article
Plant Sciences
Muhammad Jahangir, Atta-ur-Rehman, Ibrahim Bayoumi Abdel Farid, Robert Verpoorte, Imran Khan, Jiangnan Peng
Summary: Adhatoda vasica is a widely distributed plant in Asia used in traditional medicine to treat various infections and health disorders. This study identified a range of compounds, including fatty acids, amino acids, sugars, and flavonoids, using NMR spectroscopy-based metabolomics. Analysis of leaves from different regions showed significant variability in metabolite composition, with geographical factors influencing the profiles.
