Article
Ecology
Weitian Ding, Urumu Tsunogai, Fumiko Nakagawa, Takashi Sambuichi, Masaaki Chiwa, Tamao Kasahara, Ken'ichi Shinozuka
Summary: Due to increased nitrogen deposition, some forested ecosystems become nitrogen saturated, resulting in elevated levels of exported nitrate. The study examined forested catchments in Japan and found that they were under nitrogen saturation, as indicated by high stream nitrate concentration and the ratio of atmospheric nitrate flux to deposition flux. The results suggest that nitrogen saturation contributes to the enrichment of stream nitrate in forested catchments, and the M-atm / D-atm ratio can serve as a robust index for evaluating nitrogen saturation.
Article
Geography, Physical
Simon Baumgartner, Marijn Bauters, Matti Barthel, Serge Alebadwa, Nadine Bahizire, Claudino Sumaili, Degra Ngoy, Merveille Kongolo, Johan Six, Pascal Boeckx, Travis W. Drake, Basile Mujinya Bazirake, Landry Cizungu Ntaboba, Kristof Van Oost
Summary: Studies on sediment export from tropical forest watersheds are limited and lack validation with measured data. This study quantified annual suspended sediment yields and analyzed turbidity-discharge hysteresis in forested headwater catchments of two major forest types in central Africa. The findings reveal differences in sediment export dynamics under different vegetation and rainfall conditions.
Article
Forestry
Haijie Yi, Yao Wang, Yongcai Lou, Xiaojia Han
Summary: Large-scale vegetation restoration has a significant impact on catchment hydrology. This study compares the changes in streamflow characteristics between less-forested catchments undergoing vegetation restoration and forested reference catchments in the Loess Plateau. The results show that vegetation restoration reduces stormflow and increases baseflow, leading to changes in hydrological regimes. In contrast, well-preserved vegetation in forested catchments maintains stable hydrological regimes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Heidi Aaltonen, Tapio Tuukkanen, Marjo Palviainen, Annamari (Ari) Lauren, Sirkka Tattari, Sirpa Piirainen, Tuija Mattsson, Anne Ojala, Samuli Launiainen, Leena Finer
Summary: Understanding the factors influencing runoff water quality is crucial for water protection and forest management, especially in changing climates. In a study in Finland, managed forested catchments showed higher concentrations and exports of organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus compared to unmanaged ones. Long term temperature increases were also found to have an increasing effect on nutrient loads, posing challenges for future water resource protection and forest management.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matheus E. K. Ogasawara, Glaucia R. Santos, Carla C. Cassiano, Beverley C. Wemple, Silvio F. B. Ferraz
Summary: The study evaluates the effects of forest management on suspended sediment export in subtropical Brazil. Different management systems in three catchments were assessed, showing that both native and exotic planted forests are capable of protecting the soil and minimizing sediment export. The study provides insights into sediment production dynamics in Brazilian forested catchments.
LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
D. M. Amatya, A. Walega, T. J. Callahan, A. Morrison, V. Vulava, D. R. Hitchcock, T. M. Williams, T. Epps
Summary: In this study, the SCS-CN based MSME model was calibrated and tested for predicting storm event direct runoff in forested watersheds. The model showed satisfactory results in predicting the estimated total runoff for poorly drained watersheds, with rainfall being identified as the main determining factor for overland runoff generation.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Luciano Kagami, Alan Wilter, Adrian Diaz, Wim Vranken
Summary: ACPYPE software and website facilitate the generation of parameter files for MD simulations of small molecules using force fields commonly used for proteins and nucleic acids. It can generate MD input files in Gromacs, AMBER, CHARMM, and CNS formats using OpenBabel and ANTECHAMBER. It now supports input of SMILES strings and includes GAFF2 and GLYCAM force field conversion.
Article
Water Resources
Peter Chifflard, Harald Zepp
Summary: This article introduces the characteristics and research status of two small research catchments located in the Rhenish Massif in Germany, focusing on the impact of soil moisture, stratified soils, and topography on subsurface connectivity and subsurface stormflow generation. Through detailed research and analysis, a deeper understanding of subsurface stormflow generation and subsurface connectivity dynamics has been obtained.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jhon Kenedy Moura Chagas, Cicero Celio de Figueiredo, Maria Lucrecia Gerosa Ramos
Summary: Biochar can increase soil carbon sequestration and mitigate climate change, particularly in fine-textured soils in temperate climate regions. However, the impact of biochar on different soil carbon fractions remains unclear due to variability in experimental conditions, biochar types, and soil types.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Qing Yu, Kun Yu, Baomin Li
Summary: As gamification is introduced into education, researchers believe it has the potential to improve online learning. However, the effects of gamified online learning (GOL) are mixed. This meta-analysis explores the effects of GOL on students' learning based on 27 experimental studies and finds that GOL has a medium positive effect on students' learning, especially on academic achievement. The study also identifies several factors that moderate the effects of GOL, including learning outcome, educational level, group activity, competition or cooperation, game element, research design, and region.
EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yumeng Wang, Xintian Shou, Zongjing Fan, Jie Cui, Donghua Xue, Yang Wu
Summary: Phytoestrogens have been found to have significant effects on heart diseases by reducing myocardial infarct size, decreasing creatine kinase and cTnI levels, increasing left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening, and lowering heart rate.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bartosz Szelag, Roman Suligowski, Grzegorz Lagod, Ewa Lazuka, Pawel Wlaz, David Stransky, Francesco De Paola, Francesco Fatone
Summary: This paper proposes an original method for analyzing the influence of meteorological and physical-geographical conditions on stormwater flooding in small urban catchment areas. The developed model allows for simulating and predicting stormwater flooding based on rainfall characteristics, catchment properties, and stormwater network density. The study also provides empirical models for calculating rainfall duration and its impact on flooding in urban catchment areas. Furthermore, the methodology presented in the paper identifies areas sensitive to stormwater flooding and ranks towns and cities based on their vulnerability.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Zhuoqing Li, Xueqing Chang, Menghong Hu, James Kar-Hei Fang, Inna M. Sokolova, Wei Huang, Elvis Genbo Xu, Youji Wang
Summary: Microplastic pollution is a significant threat to the marine environment and bivalves are commonly used as biological indicators for microplastic pollution. Research focuses on the distribution of microplastics in the marine environment and the physiological effects of microplastics on bivalves.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xinhui Liu, Yunjing Wang, Rencheng Zhu, Yangbing Wei, Jingnan Hu
Summary: The impact of low ambient temperature on vehicle exhaust emissions has received significant attention. This study conducted a global meta-analysis to investigate the impact of ambient temperature on exhaust emissions. The results showed that low ambient temperatures had a strong and positive effect on vehicular emissions. The application of particulate filters on motor vehicles reduced the impact of ambient temperature on tailpipe particulate emissions, but increased NOx emissions. Gasoline vehicles emitted more particulates at low ambient temperatures, while diesel vehicles showed the opposite trend.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Legrand D. F. Saint-Cyr, Lionel Vedrine, Sophie Legras, Julie Le Gallo, Valentin Bellassen
Summary: Payments for Environmental or Ecosystem Services (PES) schemes are a popular tool to address environmental degradation. A meta-regression analysis on 110 studies found that the effectiveness of PES schemes is strongly associated with third-party monitoring, reference design, and results-based payments. Further analysis on 41 studies confirmed the role of design variables and suggested a potential trade-off between enrollment and additionality in assessing PES effectiveness.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
G. Giani, M. A. Rico-Ramirez, R. A. Woods
Summary: The paper presents a practical and robust method for estimating catchment response time (Tr) based on hourly rainfall and streamflow time series, which minimizes uncertainties and subjective steps compared to current methodologies. The method, originally used in economics, has been adapted for hydrology and does not require assumptions about rainfall-runoff transformation or event selection, making it easily reproducible and applicable in different environments. The method demonstrates good agreement with traditional methods and provides robust results for relatively short records, even in the presence of noise and bias in the time series.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Jeffrey J. McDonnell, Chris Gabrielli, Ali Ameli, Jagath Ekanayake, Fabrizio Fenicia, Jim Freer, Chris Graham, Brian McGlynn, Uwe Morgenstern, Alain Pietroniro, Takahiro Sayama, Jan Seibert, Mike Stewart, Kellie Vache, Markus Weiler, Ross Woods
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
L. Stein, M. P. Clark, W. J. M. Knoben, F. Pianosi, R. A. Woods
Summary: This study found that climate attributes have the most significant influence on the distribution of flood generating processes, but the impact of catchment attributes varies with different flood processes and climate types. The research also revealed that flood processes can be predicted for ungauged catchments with relatively high accuracy. These findings suggest that flood processes should be taken into consideration in future climate change impact studies, as the effects of climate changes on flood characteristics differ between flood processes.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sebastian J. Gnann, Hilary K. McMillan, Ross A. Woods, Nicholas J. K. Howden
Summary: Climate is found to be the primary predictor of hydrological response in catchments, with landscape factors such as geology playing significant roles as well. Current limitations in using catchment attributes and hydrological signatures call for the inclusion of region-specific knowledge in large sample studies. Developing standardized perceptual models and improving baseflow signature predictions regionally are essential for future research directions.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Sebastian J. Gnann, Gemma Coxon, Ross A. Woods, Nicholas J. K. Howden, Hilary K. McMillan
Summary: The Matlab toolbox presented in this study calculates hydrologic signatures to quantify streamflow dynamics. It provides accessible, standardised signature calculations, including basic, benchmark, and process-based signatures. The toolbox is designed for ease of use and robustness, with flexibility for easy expansion in the future.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zefeng Chen, Weiguang Wang, Ross A. Woods, Quanxi Shao
Summary: Vegetation, as a key component of the terrestrial system, plays a crucial role in hydrological processes and water yield. While previous studies have focused on the effects of changes in total vegetation coverage and density, this research highlights the importance of considering changes in vegetation components. The study shows that different vegetation types have diverse hydrological sensitivities and trade-offs exist among the hydrological effects of each vegetation component.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Keirnan J. A. Fowler, Gemma Coxon, Jim E. Freer, Wouter J. M. Knoben, Murray C. Peel, Thorsten Wagener, Andrew W. Western, Ross A. Woods, Lu Zhang
Summary: Removing the upper limit on simulated soil moisture deficit can improve the realism of rainfall-runoff models. The altered model shows better performance in tracking the decline in soil moisture at the end of dry periods, although further improvements may be needed to match long-term trends observed in data.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
G. Giani, L. Tarasova, R. A. Woods, M. A. Rico-Ramirez
Summary: Traditional methodologies for rainfall-runoff event identification suffer from subjectivity and require baseflow separation and parameter adjustment. The proposed novel methodology is objective, easily transferable, and does not require subjective choices or parameter adjustment, making it applicable across different sites and temporal resolutions.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Water Resources
Giulia Giani, Miguel A. Rico-Ramirez, Ross A. Woods
Summary: This study adopts a novel approach to evaluate the effectiveness of moments of rainfall spatial variability, and finds that moments can identify spatially variable events and provide a useful tool for forecasters.
HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanchen Zheng, Gemma Coxon, Ross Woods, Jianzhu Li, Ping Feng
Summary: The derived distribution method is a promising approach for flood estimation in ungauged catchments. However, there is a lack of understanding of how to transfer the information on event runoff coefficient (ERC) characteristics from gauged to ungauged catchments. In this study, a generalized framework is proposed to estimate the probability distribution of ERC for ungauged catchments based on knowledge of the spatial and temporal controls on ERC from gauged catchments. Good estimations are obtained with a coefficient of determination (R-2) reaching 0.85 across all test catchments, indicating the importance of predicting the correct spatial cluster for estimation accuracy.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Water Resources
M. Rahman, F. Pianosi, R. Woods
Summary: Groundwater is a vital resource that impacts human life and the environment, supplying drinking water, supporting food production through irrigation, and sustaining flow of water in streams and wetlands during dry periods. However, there is a lack of large-scale groundwater flow models, hindering the assessment of climate change and human activities on this crucial resource. This study evaluates a numerical groundwater flow model for England and Wales, demonstrating its ability to reproduce the spatial variability of groundwater table, with a low computational demand for calibration and sensitivity analysis.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanchen Zheng, Gemma Coxon, Ross Woods, Jianzhu Li, Ping Feng
Summary: This study explores the spatiotemporal variability of event characteristics and their controls in 431 Great Britain catchments using a large dataset of 290,743 rainfall-runoff events. Climate attributes are found to have the most influence on the spatial pattern, while rainfall characteristics have dominant control on the temporal dynamic at event scale. The study reveals clear regional patterns of event characteristics and emphasizes the importance of geology and human activities on rainfall-runoff characteristics.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shixuan Lyu, Chunling Guo, Yuyu Zhai, Mengdong Huang, Guotao Zhang, Yongqiang Zhang, Lei Cheng, Qiang Liu, Yuyan Zhou, Ross Woods, Junlong Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of baseflow in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) using four revised baseflow separation algorithms. Thirteen baseflow dynamics signatures were extracted to analyze the spatiotemporal variations and determinants of baseflow in the YRB. The results show significant spatial distribution patterns of baseflow characteristics, with higher values in upstream and downstream areas and lower values in middle reaches. The temporal variation of baseflow signatures is strongly correlated with catchment terrain, vegetation growth, and cropland coverage. Multiple factors have a synergistic effect on baseflow signature values. This study provides important insights for water resources management in the YRB and similar catchments.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Adria Fontrodona-Bach, Bettina Schaefli, Ross Woods, Adriaan J. Teuling, Joshua R. Larsen
Summary: This article introduces a new SWE dataset that includes 11,071 stations in the Northern Hemisphere, providing continuous SWE time series that are particularly useful for studying snow dynamics, timing of snowmelt onset, and snowmelt totals and duration.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Thorsten Wagener, Dragan Savic, David Butler, Reza Ahmadian, Tom Arnot, Jonathan Dawes, Slobodan Djordjevic, Roger Falconer, Raziyeh Farmani, Debbie Ford, Jan Hofman, Zoran Kapelan, Shunqi Pan, Ross Woods
Summary: The WISE CDT was established in 2014 with funding from the UK EPSRC and aims to foster innovation and collaboration by training engineers and scientists at the boundary of water informatics, science and engineering. The programme will ultimately graduate over 80 PhD candidates in a non-traditional 4-year UK doctoral programme, integrating teaching and research elements in collaboration with industrial partners. The focus on cohort-based education equips PhD candidates with a wide range of skills through workshops and activities to maximize candidate abilities and experiences.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2021)