Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Pietro de Anna, Amir A. Pahlavan, Yutaka Yawata, Roman Stocker, Ruben Juanes
Summary: Researchers used a microfluidic model system to capture flow disorder and chemical gradients at the pore scale, finding that bacterial transport and dispersion in porous media are strongly modulated by chemotaxis.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yihong Yue, Fushun Wang, Zhiwei Fu, Yi Tang, Jing Ma, Yong Qin, Meng Li, Ming Yang, Xue-Ping Chen
Summary: Our study revealed distinct distribution patterns of bacterial and archaeal communities in reservoir sediments, reflecting the combined influence of deterministic and stochastic processes in response to hydrological and biogeochemical changes after water impoundment in cascade reservoirs along a large river. Longer hydrological residual times promoted the proliferation of bacteria while reducing their diversity, and environmental factors and spatial scale determined community structures.
JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guangchen Shen, Junlin Yuan, Mantha S. Phanikumar
Summary: In this study, direct numerical simulation (DNS) results of hyporheic exchange on a flat river bed with different particle roughness textures are reported. The transit time distributions (TTDs), subsurface flow patterns, and interfacial volumetric fluxes were discussed. The results showed that bed roughness induced deep subsurface flow paths and affected transit times. The study also considered the impact of molecular diffusion on transit times. This work demonstrates the significant hyporheic exchange induced by particle roughness on a macroscopically flat sediment bed.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hamed Kashi, Sebastian Loeppmann, Jennifer Herschbach, Carina Schink, Wolfgang Imhof, Reza Mohsenian Kouchaksaraee, Michaela A. Dippold, Sandra Spielvogel
Summary: The transformation and turnover time of medium- to long-chain dicarboxylic acids (DCA) in soil is regulated by microbial uptake and mineralization. The chain length of n-alkyl lipids has a remarkable influence on microbial utilization and mineralization of DCA, as well as the formation of stable soil organic carbon. The mineralization and microbial incorporation of DCA decrease with increasing chain length, and the mineralization rate is highest during the first days of incubation. The half-life time of DCA carbon in soil increases with chain length, but decreases again for longer chain lengths.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tingting Sun, Yugang Wang, Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja, Xin Jing, Wenting Feng
Summary: Soil microbial biomass decreases with soil depth, with fungi having a shallower vertical distribution than bacteria, particularly gram-positive bacteria which are more abundant in the top 10 cm soils. A greater proportion of microbial biomass is in the top 10 cm soils compared to SOC, indicating different vertical distributions between microbes and SOC.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nurul Amira Mohammad Mohany, Alessandra Totti, Keith R. Naylor, Harald Janovjak
Summary: Microbial production of methionine has been extensively studied as a sustainable alternative to chemical synthesis to meet global demand. Recent research has focused on optimizing the export of methionine through the identification and expression of microbial transporters, providing valuable insights into biotechnological applications. The diverse families of methionine transporters from different species offer blueprints for synthetic biology systems beyond fermentative production.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Miriam Gross-Schmolders, Kristy Klein, Willem-Jan Emsens, Rudy van Diggelen, Camiel J. S. Aggenbach, Yvonne Liczner, Jan Frouz, Jens Leifeld, Christine Alewell
Summary: The degradation of peatlands is closely related to changes in hydrology and microbial metabolism. This study investigated the correlation between stable isotope values, microbial abundance, and hydrological regimes. The findings suggest that biomarkers such as stable isotope values and microbial-derived fatty acids can indicate different hydrological conditions in peatlands.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ke Li, Wenjie Xu, Yunmin Chen, Liangtong Zhan, Han Ke, Hui Xu, Diankun Xiao
Summary: This study investigates the complex process of thermal-hydro-mechanical-biochemical coupled degradation in high food waste content municipal solid waste (MSW) and proposes a THMBC coupled degradation model. The results show that recharging heated mature leachate accelerates the degradation process and settlement, and intraparticle water release contributes to half of the settlement. The research provides theoretical support for the design, construction, and management of landfills.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siqi Li, Yantong Meng, Chao Wang, Zhuoma Suonan, Xinyu Zhang, Tong Wu, Zijian Dai, Yiyun Zhang, Sameh Sharafeldin, Yumei Zhang, Qun Shen, Yong Xue
Summary: This study investigated the structural characteristics and in vitro fermentation of resistant starches obtained through different preparation processes. The results showed that resistant starches can be classified into two categories based on their fermentation and structural features. The preparation methods employed for resistant starch can determine its structural characteristics and influence its physiological properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2024)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Bu Zhou, Huamao Yuan, Jinming Song, Xuegang Li, Ning Li, Liqin Duan, Lidong Yu
Summary: Microbial processes and bacterial community structures play crucial roles in the degradation and transformation of marine organic matter. Different sources of particulate organic matter (POM) exhibit distinct characteristics in terms of heterotrophic bacterial abundance, enzymatic activity, and community composition, reflecting the varying levels of degradation and adaptation by bacteria in response to the environmental conditions in coastal systems.
ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuanyuan Dai, Rui Liu, Jianjun Chen, Na Li
Summary: This study investigated the potential of microbes in the rhizosphere of Fire Phoenix plants to degrade high-molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs). The results showed that the growth of Fire Phoenix plants led to a shift in soil microbial community structure, promoting the growth of fungi that played an important role in PAHs degradation. Beneficial interactions between Fire Phoenix plants and soil microbes, particularly fungi, were found to be a viable way of reducing HMW-PAHs from contaminated soils.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Baoying Wang, Yulan Lin, Wenhao Yu, Qing Xia, Ahmad Ali, Fugang Wei, Chuanchao Dai, Jinbo Zhang, Zucong Cai, Jun Zhao
Summary: Continuous cultivation of Sanqi ginseng can lead to changes in the beneficial microbial community and their functions. This study found that with successive plantings of Sanqi ginseng, the beneficial bacterial community changed, carbon source utilization capacity increased, and autotoxin degradation functions decreased.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Baoying Wang, Yulan Lin, Wenhao Yu, Qing Xia, Ahmad Ali, Fugang Wei, Chuanchao Dai, Jinbo Zhang, Zucong Cai, Jun Zhao
Summary: Continuous cultivation of Sanqi ginseng affects the rhizosphere microbial community, resulting in changes in the beneficial bacterial community and functions. Carbon source utilization capacity and diversity increase, while autotoxin degradation-related pathways are downregulated. The decline of beneficial microbes is driven by shifts in phenolic acid profiles, leading to the loss of microbial autotoxin degradation functions.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yanan Yin, Tao Zhang, Shijun He, Jianlong Wang
Summary: This study demonstrated that combining thermal pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation can effectively enhance erythromycin removal from fermentation residues, indicating a promising approach for the treatment of erythromycin waste.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alemayehu Worku, Robert Tothi, Szilvia Orosz, Hedvig Febel, Laszlo Kacsala, Drew Vermeire, Tamas Toth
Summary: The study evaluated the nutrient content, fermentation characteristics, microbial counts, and ruminal degradability of Italian ryegrass and winter cereal silage mixtures. Results showed that mixture B had higher dry matter and nutrient contents than mixture A. In situ incubation revealed higher degradable fraction for mixture A. Proper harvesting stage was crucial for successful fermentation of the mixtures without additives, which could be included in high-yielding dairy cattle diets.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
L. E. Bertassello, J. W. Jawitz, E. Bertuzzo, G. Botter, A. Rinaldo, A. F. Aubeneau, J. T. Hoverman, P. S. C. Rao
Summary: This study aims to investigate how the combination of dynamic patch habitat attributes, hydroclimatic variability, and species traits influence the long-term spatiotemporal patterns of amphibian metapopulations in wetland habitats.
Article
Water Resources
Connor Mullen, Leonardo E. Bertassello, P. Suresh C. Rao, Marc F. Mueller
Summary: Wetlands are crucial for sustaining ecosystem services, and understanding their response to climate change and human activities is urgent. The use of satellite imagery to calibrate landscape-scale hydrological models shows great potential, but there are trade-offs and challenges in different wetlandscapes, including accuracy and spatial resolution compared to in-situ monitoring.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
K. Ravichandra, R. Balaji, Kezia Devarapalli, Chandrasekhar Cheemalamarri, Sudhakar Poda, Linga Banoth, Srinivasa Rao Pinnamaneni, R. S. Prakasham
Summary: This study analyzed the composition and structure of xylans from six different bmr sorghum biomasses and evaluated their suitability as substrates for xylanase complex production. The results showed that the xylans belonged to arabinoxylan type and varied in their relative content of xylose, glucose, and arabinose. The xylans extracted from different sorghum substrates also showed structural differences. Xylanase production varied depending on the source of xylan, with the highest productivity observed with IS 27206 xylan.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Claire Jacquet, Luca Carraro, Florian Altermatt
Summary: The meta-ecosystem concept provides a theoretical framework to study the effect of resource flows on ecosystem dynamics. River networks are prime examples of meta-ecosystems, where the spatial structure and resource flow rates determine the distribution and biomass of invertebrate functional groups. High resource flow rates can have negative effects on the regional biomass of functional groups and lead to cascading extinctions at the meta-ecosystem scale.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Laxmi Prasad Rao Pala, Nageswara Rao Peela
Summary: An optofluidic planar microreactor has been developed for oxygen production through water splitting under visible light illumination. The thickness of the catalyst coating and the reactant flow rate were found to significantly impact the rate of oxygen production.
Article
Ecology
Nuria Catalan, Ruben del Campo, Matthew Talluto, Clara Mendoza-Lera, Giulia Grandi, Susana Bernal, Daniel von Schiller, Gabriel Singer, Enrico Bertuzzo
Summary: Streams and rivers act as bioreactors processing large quantities of particulate organic matter. Climate change impacts the flow regime, affecting the decomposition and transport of organic matter. This study explored the consequences of lateral hydrological contraction on the decomposition and transport of organic matter in river networks.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tom J. Battin, Ronny Lauerwald, Emily S. Bernhardt, Enrico Bertuzzo, Lluis Gomez Gener, Robert O. Hall Jr, Erin R. Hotchkiss, Taylor Maavara, Tamlin M. Pavelsky, Lishan Ran, Peter Raymond, Judith A. Rosentreter, Pierre Regnier
Summary: River networks are the largest biogeochemical connection between land, ocean and atmosphere. Our understanding of the role of rivers in the global carbon cycle is limited, making it difficult to predict how global change will affect riverine carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions. This review summarizes the current state of river ecosystem metabolism research and provides estimates of carbon flux from land to rivers. The study highlights the importance of a global river observing system in understanding river networks and their future evolution in the context of the global carbon budget.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cristiano Trevisin, Enrico Bertuzzo, Damiano Pasetto, Lorenzo Mari, Stefano Miccoli, Renato Casagrandi, Marino Gatto, Andrea Rinaldo
Summary: Current methods for estimating effective reproduction numbers overlook mobility fluxes in a spatially connected network. This study proposes equations that include spatially explicit effective reproduction numbers, 9Zk(t), for different communities and a tool to estimate these values using a Bayesian framework. The results suggest that current standards may underestimate disease transmission over time based on differences between connected and disconnected reproduction numbers.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alvise Finotello, Davide Tognin, Luca Carniello, Massimiliano Ghinassi, Enrico Bertuzzo, Andrea D'Alpaos
Summary: The loss of salt marshes in back-barrier tidal embayments is causing significant changes in hydrodynamics, including higher water levels and reduced wave energy dissipation. Restoration projects and manmade protection of marsh margins have limited the negative effects of marsh loss, but the risk of flooding in urban settlements remains unchanged. The hydrodynamic response to salt-marsh erosion is highly site-specific, depending on embayment morphology and external tidal and wind forcings.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pier Luigi Segatto, Tom J. Battin, Enrico Bertuzzo
Summary: Climate change and predicted warmer temperatures and more extreme hydrological regimes have the potential to affect freshwater ecosystems and their energy pathways. A meta-ecosystem framework was proposed to study carbon cycling in flowing waters at the scale of a river network, taking into account light and temperature regimes, network structure, land cover, and the hydrologic regime. The model successfully simulated the metabolism of the Ybbs River network in Austria and the effects of altered thermal and hydrologic regimes on metabolism and ecosystem efficiency were investigated. The analysis reveals the complex interactions between environmental conditions and biota in shaping stream metabolism and highlights the need for further research on the effects of climate change in these ecosystems.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luca Carraro, Rosetta C. Blackman, Florian Altermatt
Summary: Due to the increasing threats to riverine ecosystems, there is a need for innovative approaches to assess biodiversity across different taxonomic groups and spatio-temporal scales. Recent advancements in using environmental DNA (eDNA) data and eDNA transport models in rivers have allowed for a comprehensive understanding of riverine biodiversity, supporting conservation efforts.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elisa Stella, Roberto Pastres, Damiano Pasetto, Matko Kolega, Danijel Mejdandzic, Slavica Colak, Antares Musmanno, Andrea Gustinelli, Lorenzo Mari, Enrico Bertuzzo
Summary: Intensive fish farming has led to the spread of parasites like Sparicotyle chrysophrii, which can cause epizootics in gilthead seabream. A new model was developed to simulate the transmission dynamics of the parasite and successfully replicated its distribution within fish hosts as well as the effects of environmental factors.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Lydian M. Boschman, Luca Carraro, Fernanda A. S. Cassemiro, Jorad de Vries, Florian Altermatt, Oskar Hagen, Carina Hoorn, Loic Pellissier
Summary: This study investigates the role of Andean mountain building and frequent river capture events in shaping the species richness pattern of freshwater fishes in South America, particularly in the western Amazon basin. The results show that these factors have led to highly dynamic freshwater habitats, resulting in high diversification rates and exceptional richness. The history of marine incursions and lakes also played a secondary role in the species richness pattern.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Correction
Environmental Sciences
Luca Carraro, Florian Altermatt
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luca Carraro, Florian Altermatt
Summary: The fractal structure of river networks plays a crucial role in the stability and persistence of organismal populations. Random networks fail to accurately reflect the topological features of real rivers and lead to biased estimates of population stability and persistence. Optimal Channel Networks provide more accurate representations of river network properties.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)