Journal
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
Volume 371, Issue 1997, Pages -Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0622
Keywords
coupled oscillators; coupling function; ageing; cardiorespiratory interactions; phase coherence; synchronization
Categories
Funding
- Economic and Social Science Research Council under the New Dynamics of Ageing programme
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK) [EP/100999X1]
- Slovenian Research Agency
- Economic and Social Research Council [ES/G03690X/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/I00999X/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/I00999X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- ESRC [ES/G03690X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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We describe an analysis of cardiac and respiratory time series recorded from 189 subjects of both genders aged 16-90. By application of the synchrosqueezed wavelet transform, we extract the respiratory and cardiac frequencies and phases with better time resolution than is possible with the marked events procedure. By treating the heart and respiration as coupled oscillators, we then apply a method based on Bayesian inference to find the underlying coupling parameters and their time dependence, deriving from them measures such as synchronization, coupling directionality and the relative contributions of different mechanisms. We report a detailed analysis of the reconstructed cardiorespiratory coupling function, its time evolution and age dependence. We show that the direct and indirect respiratory modulations of the heart rate both decrease with age, and that the cardiorespiratory coupling becomes less stable and more time-variable.
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