Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Stefano Iubini, Antonio Politi, Paolo Politi
Summary: We study the nonequilibrium steady states in a one-dimensional stochastic model that approximates the discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation. This model exhibits a normal phase and a condensed phase with a macroscopic fraction of energy localized on a single lattice site. Under external reservoirs, the system shows coupled transport and the Onsager coefficients satisfy an exact scaling relationship. We also find paths that partially enter the condensed region near the critical line due to the Joule effect.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
S. Kjelstrup, S. A. Ghoreishian Amiri, B. Loranger, H. Gao, G. Grimstad
Summary: This paper uses non-equilibrium thermodynamics to describe the transport of sub-cooled water across a partially frozen soil matrix caused by a temperature difference. A set of coupled transport equations of heat and mass is presented, along with the prediction of the maximum frost heave pressure. The definition and experimental determination of the transport coefficients are extensively discussed, leading to reasonable agreement with numerical and experimental results.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Nicolas Bergmann, Michael Galperin
Summary: In this study, a non-equilibrium Green's function perspective was used to explore thermodynamic formulations for open quantum systems strongly coupled to baths. A scattering approach and a consideration of thermodynamics of a system strongly coupled to its baths were compared. It was argued that the latter approach could lead to a thermodynamic formulation consistent with a dynamic quantum transport description.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chang'an Li, Dou Luo, Teng Wang, Chengwei Shan, Chen Li, Kuan Sun, Aung Ko Ko Kyaw, Jianyong Ouyang
Summary: The addition of zwitterions like rhodamine 101 (R101), N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propane-sulfonate (DDMAP), or 1-(N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl)-4-(2-sulfoethyl) pyridinium hydroxide (DMCSP) can significantly enhance the Seebeck coefficient and overall thermoelectric properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS).
Article
Chemistry, Physical
C. Templeton, R. Elber, M. Ferrario, G. Ciccotti
Summary: A new method for BD-NEMD simulation is introduced, allowing the imposition of constant temperature and concentration gradients simultaneously to extract Onsager transport coefficients. While effective in measuring Soret and Dufour effects, the method is limited to estimating the Soret coefficient and unable to measure transport coefficients directly.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Chengen Wang, Keegan J. Moore
Summary: This study investigates the flow of mechanical energy between two nonlinearly coupled oscillators with comparable mass due to the breaking of dynamic reciprocity. By breaking dynamic reciprocity, one-way energy propagation is achieved, allowing energy to only be irreversibly transferred from a nonlinear oscillator (NO) to a linear oscillator (LO). This research promotes a new paradigm for studying energy transfer in mechanical structures and opens up possibilities for passive control of energy flow in complex mechanical systems.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Juan Hurtado-Gallego, Sara Sangtarash, Ross Davidson, Laura Rincon-Garcia, Abdalghani Daaoub, Gabino Rubio-Bollinger, Colin J. Lambert, Vasily S. Oganesyan, Martin R. Bryce, Nicolas Agrait, Hatef Sadeghi
Summary: This study demonstrates that single organic radical molecules can achieve simultaneous enhancement of the Seebeck coefficient and conductivity, thanks to their intrinsic spin state. The researchers also observe a counterintuitive quantum interference effect in stable Blatter radical molecules, further enhancing their thermoelectric properties.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Serhii Kryhin, Leonid Levitov
Summary: For a long time, it was believed that two-dimensional Fermi gases could have long-lived excitations due to collinear quasiparticle scattering controlled by phase-space constraints at a 2D Fermi surface. A direct calculation has revealed such excitations. The lifetimes of these excitations were found to surpass the fundamental limit set by the Landau Fermi-liquid theory by a factor as large as (TF/T )alpha with alpha greater than 2. These excitations represent modulations of an odd parity on the Fermi surface for each odd angular momentum. The long-lived excitations in Fermi gases were identified as zero modes arising from supersymmetry, using a connection between the linearized quantum kinetic equation and the dynamics of a fictitious quantum particle moving in a 1D reflectionless sech2 potential.
Article
Mechanics
Arun K. Chinnappan, Rakesh Kumar, Vaibhav K. Arghode
Summary: A novel two-way coupled dusty-gas flow model has been developed in the DSMC framework for the study of dust dispersion on the lunar surface. Gas-grain interactions are modeled through momentum and energy exchange between phases, and the model is validated against theoretical relations for a zero-dimensional simulation. The computational model is used to analyze the influence of particle diameter and hovering altitudes on gas and grain phases, as well as dust transportation.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Dietrich Boedeker, Jan Nienaber
Summary: This passage mainly discusses the motion of a scalar field interacting with a hot plasma, the damping process and the relation between the damping coefficient and bulk viscosity.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Anthony Saliou, Philippe Jarry, Noel Jakse
Summary: By using large-scale computer simulations and supervised learning, the relationship between excess entropy and diffusion was analyzed for the Lennard-Jones potential. The results showed a strong correlation between excess entropy and the potential energy landscape (PEL). The exponential law in liquids was found to be linked with the landscape-influenced regime of the PEL, while the power-law behavior in fluid-like systems corresponded to the free diffusion regime.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Xiao-Long Wang, Shu-Han Gao, Yuan-Tao Zhang
Summary: The optimization of pulse-modulated radio frequency (rf) discharges was investigated using a fluid model in the range of very high frequency from 50 to 800MHz. The simulation data shows that a very strong Peak Current in the First Period (PCFP) can be observed when the excitation frequency is large enough, usually larger than 50MHz. By increasing the duty cycle initially increases the value of PCFP, then reaches the peak value at a duty cycle of approximately 70%, and later drops to the normal value. Additionally, the electron density is always enhanced as the duty cycle is increased during the power-on phase.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Rahul Das, Anil K. Bajaj, Sayan Gupta
Summary: This study investigates the energy flow characteristics of a nonlinear energy sink when coupled with a nonlinear oscillator. The mechanisms and conditions for unidirectional energy transfer are analyzed to achieve enhanced efficiency through proper tuning of system parameters. Computational studies compare resonance capture in the system with the modal response of the underlying Hamiltonian system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NON-LINEAR MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Oystein Gullbrekken, Sondre Kvalvag Schnell
Summary: This study investigates the ion transport mechanisms of PEO-LiTFSI electrolytes using molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that the motion of Li and TFSI ions are correlated, leading to super-ionicity. The static and dynamic properties of Li ion coordination environments are analyzed, revealing the facilitation of Li ion transport and jumps in the polymer network by TFSI.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jinlong Ren, Yingchao Liu, Xingqiang Shi, Guangcun Shan, Mingming Tang, Chaocheng Kaun, Kunpeng Dou
Summary: The article introduces a flexible sensor based on a slotted carbon nanotube structure, with tunable Fano resonance, temperature-insensitive extrinsic variables, and strain-insensitive intrinsic variables for simultaneous sensing of temperature and strain, used for ultrasensitive chemical sensing. It provides an excellent quantum platform for the development of multistimuli sensation in artificial intelligence at the molecular scale.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jiaozi Wang, Giuliano Benenti, Giulio Casati, Wen-ge Wang
Summary: We study the statistical and dynamical properties of the quantum triangle map. Our numerical results show that ergodicity is a sufficient condition for spectrum and eigenfunctions to follow the prediction of random matrix theory, even when the classical dynamics underlying it is not chaotic. Additionally, we find that dynamical quantities such as the out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC) and the number of harmonics exhibit a growth rate that vanishes in the semiclassical limit, consistent with the classical dynamics having a zero Lyapunov exponent. These findings suggest that while spectral statistics can detect ergodicity, OTOC and the number of harmonics are diagnostics of chaos.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jiao Wang, Giulio Casati, Giuliano Benenti
Summary: By numerically solving the classical equations of motion in a one-dimensional model, we investigated the properties of the blackbody spectrum. Our results, which do not rely on any statistical assumption, demonstrate that the classical blackbody spectrum possesses remarkable characteristics, including a quasi-stationary state with scaling properties, consistency with the Stefan-Boltzmann law, and a high-frequency cutoff. This study serves as a preliminary step in comprehending the statistical properties of infinite-dimensional systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Vahid Shaghaghi, Varinder Singh, Giuliano Benenti, Dario Rosa
Summary: This paper demonstrates that a micromaser serves as an excellent model for a quantum battery. It shows that a highly excited, pure, and effectively steady state of the cavity mode can be achieved even in the ultrastrong coupling regime. The stability of these features against coherence loss and the impact of counter-rotating terms in the interaction Hamiltonian are also discussed.
QUANTUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jiaozi Wang, Barbara Dietz, Dario Rosa, Giuliano Benenti
Summary: We investigate the generation of entanglement in a two-body interacting system starting from a separable coherent state. By analyzing the system's classical dynamics, we find that the entanglement growth rate in the quasiclassical regime can be simply computed. This rate is determined by the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, indicating a connection between the generation of entanglement and classical complexity.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gabriele Cenedese, Maria Bondani, Dario Rosa, Giuliano Benenti
Summary: Generating a large amount of entanglement is crucial for a quantum computer to achieve quantum advantage. This paper proposes an efficient method to generate pseudo-random quantum states with nearly maximal multipartite entanglement. The method is argued to be optimal and is used to evaluate actual superconducting (IBM's ibm_lagos) and ion trap (IonQ's Harmony) quantum processors. Despite the lower error rates of ibm_lagos in single-qubit and two-qubit operations, Harmony outperforms it due to its low error rate in state preparation and measurement as well as the all-to-all connectivity of qubits. The findings highlight the importance of qubits network architecture in generating highly entangled states.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gabriele Cenedese, Giuliano Benenti, Maria Bondani
Summary: Characterizing and mitigating errors in current noisy intermediate-scale devices is crucial for enhancing the performance of future quantum hardware. Through full quantum process tomography of single qubits in an actual quantum processor with echo experiments, we investigated the significance of various noise mechanisms in quantum computation. Our results unveiled the dominant role of coherent errors and demonstrated the practical correction of such errors by introducing random single-qubit unitaries in the quantum circuit, leading to a notable increase in the reliability of quantum computations on real quantum hardware.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Giuliano Benenti, Davide Donadio, Stefano Lepri, Roberto Livi
Summary: Energy transfer in small nano-sized systems can be very different from that in their macroscopic counterparts due to reduced dimensionality, interaction with surfaces, disorder, and large fluctuations. We provide an overview of recent advances in understanding non-diffusive heat transfer in these systems through nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and atomistic simulations. The underlying basic properties leading to violations of standard diffusive heat transport and the effects of long-range interaction and integrability on non-diffusive transport are discussed. We also explore the applications of these features in thermal management, rectification, and improving energy conversion efficiency.
RIVISTA DEL NUOVO CIMENTO
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fabio Cavaliere, Luca Razzoli, Matteo Carrega, Giuliano Benenti, Maura Sassetti
Summary: This work investigates the performance of hybrid thermal machines that can simultaneously perform multiple tasks. Optimal working conditions for a three-terminal quantum thermal machine are characterized and identified, with the working medium being a quantum harmonic oscillator coupled to three heat baths. The study demonstrates efficient operation in both pure and hybrid modes, with the ability to switch between different operational modes by adjusting the driving frequency. The proposed setup also shows potential as a high-performance transistor.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Luca Razzoli, Fabio Cavaliere, Matteo Carrega, Maura Sassetti, Giuliano Benenti
Summary: In the pursuit of high-performance quantum thermal machines, considering fluctuations at the quantum level is crucial in addition to finding optimal thermodynamic efficiency. This paper investigates the thermodynamic uncertainty relations for a quantum thermal machine with a quantum harmonic oscillator as the working medium, connected to two thermal baths, with one of them being dynamically coupled. The study demonstrates that by adjusting parameters, the machine can function as both a quantum engine and refrigerator, achieving significant efficiency and low fluctuations.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Fabio Cavaliere, Matteo Carrega, Giulio De Filippis, Vittorio Cataudella, Giuliano Benenti, Maura Sassetti
Summary: We discuss the possibility of realizing a heat engine by dynamically modulating the couplings between the quantum working medium and thermal reservoirs and identify suitable environments for optimizing its efficiency.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ilia Khomchenko, Henni Ouerdane, Giuliano Benenti
Summary: The control of thermal fluxes in electronic circuits at mesoscale and nanoscale can be achieved using thermal diodes. This study proposes using a superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) junction under an oscillating voltage to control the heat flow. Theoretical models suggest a sharp rise in the rectification coefficient, up to R approximate to 500.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Giuliano Benenti, Giulio Casati, Fabio Marchesoni, Jiao Wang
Summary: A dynamical model of a highly efficient heat engine is proposed, where an applied temperature difference maintains the motion of particles around a circuit consisting of two asymmetric narrow channels, in one of which the current flows against the applied thermodynamic forces. Numerical simulations and linear-response analysis suggest that, in the absence of frictional losses, the Carnot efficiency can be achieved in the thermodynamic limit.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
L. Giannelli, J. Rajendran, N. Macri, G. Benenti, S. Montangero, E. Paladino, G. Falci
Summary: Ultrastrong coupling in superconducting circuit QED architectures allows for faster operations in the development of quantum technologies, although it also increases sensitivity to new kinds of intrinsic errors. By using optimal control methods, a resilient protocol against the main source of errors arising from the interplay of the dynamical Casimir effect with cavity losses is found.
NUOVO CIMENTO C-COLLOQUIA AND COMMUNICATIONS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Vahid Shaghaghi, G. Massimo Palma, Giuliano Benenti
Summary: This study examines the statistical distribution of ergotropy and efficiency in a single-qubit battery and a single-qubit Otto engine fueled by random collisions. The interactions between the qubit and two reservoirs are described using a collision model of open system dynamics, revealing fluctuations in ergotropy, heat, and work that decrease with the size of the qudits in the hot reservoir. Although the mean macroscopic efficiency of the Otto engine remains the same, the distribution of efficiencies does not support finite moments, resulting in a discrepancy between the mean efficiency and the macroscopic efficiency.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Matteo Carrega, Loris Maria Cangemi, Giulio De Filippis, Vittorio Cataudella, Giuliano Benenti, Maura Sassetti
Summary: This study investigates the thermodynamic properties of quantum systems far from equilibrium, particularly when the system is strongly coupled to its environment or when memory effects cannot be neglected. The researchers find that by modulating the system-environment couplings, it is possible to perform thermodynamic tasks, such as extracting heat from a cold reservoir and realizing an ideal heat rectifier.
