Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katerina Novakova, Michael Toeroek, Miljenko Panajatovic, Jamal Bouitbir, Francois H. T. Duong, Christoph Handschin, Stephan Kraehenbuehl
Summary: The transcription of the SLC22A5 gene is regulated by PPAR-alpha and MEF2 transcription factors. PGC-1 alpha and the p38 MAPK signaling cascade also play a role in this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dongfeng Sun, Qingfa Chen, Zhibo Gai, Fengxia Zhang, Xiaoqing Yang, Wensi Hu, Chengyu Chen, Guangjie Yang, Severin Hoermann, Gerd. A. Kullak-Ublick, Michele Visentin
Summary: Esophageal cancer is the ninth most common malignancy worldwide, and platinum derivatives' cytotoxic activity largely depends on organic cation transporters (OCTs) uptake and accumulation. Higher OCTN2 expression in tumor tissues of esophageal cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin correlated with reduced risk of recurrence and longer survival time.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Carl G. Gottschalk, Malabendu Jana, Avik Roy, Dhruv R. Patel, Kalipada Pahan
Summary: Research suggests that gemfibrozil can protect dopaminergic neurons in an animal model of PD, increase neurotransmitters in the striatum, and improve locomotor activities.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guowei Xing, Lihua Meng, Shiyao Cao, Shenghui Liu, Jiayan Wu, Qian Li, Wendong Huang, Lisheng Zhang
Summary: This study reveals that PPAR alpha can suppress ferroptosis by promoting the expression of Gpx4 and inhibiting TRF. The activation of PPAR alpha may alleviate iron overload-induced ferroptosis and provide a promising therapeutic target for drug discovery in ferroptosis-related tissue injuries. Additionally, a fluorescent probe for the detection of Fe2+ has been identified.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaofang Wang, Lingyu Hu, Caiyun Wang, Bingnan He, Zhengwei Fu, Cuiyuan Jin, Yuanxiang Jin
Summary: A recent study found that pregnant women had high levels of IMZ due to dietary exposure. In a mouse experiment, exposure to IMZ during gestation and lactation periods resulted in significant changes in growth phenotypes, carnitine levels, and gut microbiota in the offspring. Maternal IMZ exposure also affected carnitine absorption and disrupted gut microbiota balance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruichao Yue, Guan-yuan Chen, Guoxiang Xie, Liuyi Hao, Wei Guo, Xinguo Sun, Wei Jia, Qibin Zhang, Zhanxiang Zhou, Wei Zhong
Summary: The study revealed the significant role of PPAR alpha in hepatic alcohol detoxification, with PPAR alpha reactivation reversing alcohol-induced liver damage and accelerating alcohol clearance. Catalase plays multiple roles in maintaining NAD levels and clearing hydrogen peroxide against alcohol-induced liver injury.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiao Zhang, Ting Gao, Senwen Deng, Lin Shang, Xiaocui Chen, Kai Chen, Ping Li, Xiaojuan Cui, Jia Zeng
Summary: Fasting induces lipid accumulation in the liver, with endogenous dicarboxylic acids playing a role in controlling mitochondrial beta-oxidation. Excessive beta-oxidation of dicarboxylic acids leads to succinate production, which suppresses mitochondrial beta-oxidation, promotes hepatic lipid deposition, and identifies cross talk between peroxisomal and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yohan Bignon, Leonore Wigger, Camille Ansermet, Benjamin D. Weger, Sylviane Lagarrigue, Gabriel Centeno, Fanny Durussel, Lou Gotz, Mark Ibberson, Sylvain Pradervand, Manfredo Quadroni, Meltem Weger, Francesca Amati, Frederic Gachon, Dmitri Firsov
Summary: Rhythmic adaptations in renal metabolism are suggested by circadian rhythmicity in renal function. By studying diurnal changes in renal metabolic pathways, we found that a significant number of RNAs, proteins, and metabolites in the kidneys of control mice display rhythmicity. Disruptions in key metabolic pathways were observed in the kidneys of mice with an inducible deletion of the circadian clock regulator Bmal1, resulting in impaired mitochondrial activity. The reabsorption of carnitine from primary urine was particularly affected, leading to decreased plasma and tissue carnitine levels.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Zichen Song, Leilei Meng, Zhixiang He, Jing Huang, Fang Li, Jingjing Feng, Zhuoran Jia, Yue Huang, Wei Liu, Anding Liu, Haoshu Fang
Summary: The study reveals the protective role of LBP in hepatic mitochondria against LPS-induced damage, potentially through the LBP-PPAR alpha-CYP4a2 signaling pathway.
Article
Neurosciences
Michele M. Comerota, Manasee Gedam, Wen Xiong, Feng Jin, Lisheng Deng, Meng C. Wang, Jin Wang, Hui Zheng
Summary: The study shows that OEA activates the PPARα signaling pathway and CD36 cell-surface receptor activity, enhancing microglial phagocytosis and clearance of Aβ. OEA also promotes TFEB lysosomal function in a PPARα-dependent but mTORC1-independent manner, further enhancing microglial uptake and clearance of Aβ while suppressing lipid droplet accumulation and inflammasome activation. Chronic treatment with KDS-5104 in 5xFAD mice restores lipid profiles, reduces reactive gliosis and Aβ pathology, and improves cognitive impairments.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Benjamin T. Wall, David Machin, Mandy V. Dunlop, Francis B. Stephens
Summary: Increasing skeletal muscle carnitine content can manipulate fuel metabolism and improve exercise performance. Intravenous insulin infusion during hypercarnitinemia increases plasma carnitine clearance and Na+-dependent muscle carnitine accretion, likely via stimulating Na+/K+ ATPase pump activity. Ingestion of high-dose caffeine stimulates plasma carnitine clearance during hypercarnitinemia, likely via increased Na+/K+ ATPase activity. Carnitine co-ingestion with caffeine may represent a novel muscle carnitine loading strategy in humans, and therefore manipulate skeletal muscle fuel metabolism and improve exercise performance.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Heba H. Mansour, Shereen M. El Kiki, Amel B. Ibrahim, Mervat M. Omran
Summary: L-carnitine protects against IM-induced cardiac damage and apoptosis via the PDGF/PPAR gamma/MAPK pathways.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qixiao Jiang, Xiaohui Xu, Jamie C. DeWitt, Yuxin Zheng
Summary: Chicken embryo model is a valuable tool in developmental studies, especially in assessing cardiac toxicities, due to its similarity to mammalian heart development. Various exposure methods and freely selectable exposure time make it versatile for different research needs.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Ying Shi, Xiaoguang Yang, Shuyue Wang, Yulun Wu, Lihua Zheng, Yufang Tang, Yanhang Gao, Junqi Niu
Summary: This study found that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) can effectively alleviate MCD-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by regulating the anti-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages and reversing PPAR alpha protein expression in liver cells. This discovery shows great potential for NASH therapy.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryota Shizu, Yuta Otsuka, Chizuru Ishii, Kanako Ezaki, Kouichi Yoshinari
Summary: The nuclear receptor PPAR alpha controls fatty acid metabolism and can be inhibited by the xenobiotic receptor CAR, preventing lipid metabolism. Activation of PPAR alpha increases gene expression related to fatty acid metabolism. PPAR alpha binds to the promoter region of the CAR gene and induces its activity. CAR functions as a negative feedback factor for PPAR alpha activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)