Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maria Gunnarsson, Enamul Haque Mojumdar, Daniel Topgaard, Emma Sparr
Summary: The study investigates the impact of NMF on skin molecular dynamics and the reversal of its effects by adding specific NMF components. It was found that removing NMF reduces molecular mobility in the skin, but replacing it with single NMF components restores molecular dynamics.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiun-Wen Guo, Shiou-Hwa Jee
Summary: The treatment of inflammatory skin diseases poses challenges, with topical therapy being the first line of management. The key to success lies in the effectiveness and adaptability of the pharmaceutical formulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joke A. Bouwstra, Andreea Nadaban, Wim Bras, Clare McCabe, Annette Bunge, Gerrit S. Gooris
Summary: The barrier function of the skin is primarily located in the outermost layer called stratum corneum (SC), which contains lipid lamellae that play a crucial role in permeation of compounds. Analyzing the lipid composition is essential in understanding the skin barrier function and its impairment in inflammatory skin diseases.
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jee-hyun Hwang, Haengdueng Jeong, Nahyun Lee, Sumin Hur, Nakyum Lee, Jeong Jun Han, Hye Won Jang, Wang Keun Choi, Ki Taek Nam, Kyung-Min Lim
Summary: The study found that the ex vivo live full-thickness porcine skin model is an excellent alternative to animal experiments for research on the safety and efficacy of cosmetic ingredients. Lactobionic acid showed the best improvement in skin barrier function, and the model could measure TEWL, confirming the significant skin barrier-protective effects of PHAs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Trinidad Montero-Vilchez, Carlos Cuenca-Barrales, Juan-Angel Rodriguez-Pozo, Pablo Diaz-Calvillo, Jesus Tercedor-Sanchez, Antonio Martinez-Lopez, Alejandro Molina-Leyva, Salvador Arias-Santiago
Summary: This study investigated the changes in skin barrier function with age in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). The results showed that as age increased, AD patients had higher transepidermal water loss (TEWL), lower stratum corneum hydration (SCH), and reduced elasticity compared to healthy individuals. There was a negative correlation between age and elasticity, which was stronger in AD patients than in controls. Linear regression analyses revealed that age and disease severity had a significant impact on elasticity in AD patients. These findings suggest that age plays a role in impairing skin barrier function in AD patients, particularly in terms of elasticity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrej Kovacik, Petra Pullmannova, Lukas Opalka, Michaela Silarova, Jaroslav Maixner, Katerina Vavrova
Summary: The study shows that different types of ceramides play distinct roles in the structural organization and function of the skin lipid barrier, with their effects on lipid models varying depending on the sphingoid base chain and configuration at the alpha-carbon.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Christopher A. Berkey, Cassandra Styke, Hiroki Yoshitake, Yoshihiko Sonoki, Masayuki Uchiyama, Reinhold H. Dauskardt
Summary: This study evaluates micron-sized carbon dioxide bubbles in a foamed moisturizing formulation as a mechanical penetration enhancement strategy. The results show that moisturizing foam bubbles enhance the penetration of the formulation by increasing the hydrodynamic pressure in the liquid layer adjacent to the skin surface, leading to a significant increase in the concentration of the treatment in the skin.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Aneta Vovesna, Alexander Zhigunov, Martin Balouch, Jarmila Zbytovska
Summary: The study indicated that stable liposomal systems containing ceramides and other skin barrier lipids are effective in repairing a disrupted skin barrier, and non-homogenized liposomes are more effective than their homogenized counterparts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
M. N. Basu, C. G. Mortz, T. K. Jensen, T. Barington, S. Halken
Summary: The study found significantly lower levels of natural moisturizing factors (NMF) in children with atopic dermatitis compared to healthy controls, with differences related to the severity of past dermatitis. Early moisturizer use was negatively correlated with NMF levels, and there was a genetic influence of FLG gene variants on NMF levels.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mihaela Gorcea, Majella E. Lane, David J. Moore
Summary: The purpose of this in vivo exploratory study was to investigate the conformational order and chain packing of human stratum corneum lipids in healthy face skin as a function of depth. The study found that the lipid order of the stratum corneum increases with depth in face skin, but shows significant differences compared to arm skin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Marion Mosca, Melanie Legain, Guillaume Noel, Adrien Idee, Didier Pin
Summary: This study found that D-squames(R) tape stripping can effectively remove the stratum corneum of dog skin, with individual variability in the number of stripping required. The shiny appearance of the skin after stripping can be used as an accurate marker of stratum corneum removal.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
M. Alice Maciel Tabosa, Pauline Vitry, Panagiota Zarmpi, Annette L. Bunge, Natalie A. Belsey, Dimitrios Tsikritsis, Timothy J. Woodman, K. A. Jane White, M. Begona Delgado-Charro, Richard H. Guy
Summary: The evaluation of drug bioavailability in the skin requires quantitative and non-invasive experimental tools. In this study, infrared and Raman spectroscopies were used to assess the uptake of a chemical into the stratum corneum. Experiments on excised porcine skin showed good correlations between spectroscopic results and chemical quantification using the tape-stripping method. The spectroscopic approach can potentially be used to investigate chemical disposition deeper in the skin.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nichola J. Starr, Mohammed H. Khan, Max K. Edney, Gustavo F. Trindade, Stefanie Kern, Alexander Pirkl, Matthias Kleine-Boymann, Christopher Elms, Mark M. O'Mahony, Mike Bell, Morgan R. Alexander, David J. Scurr
Summary: In this study, the 3D OrbiSIMS technique was used to analyze the molecular chemistry of human skin tissue and provide unprecedented details about the nonhomogeneity of the stratum corneum. The analysis resolved debates about chemical gradients within the epidermis and revealed similarities in epidermal compounds between human and porcine skin. Additionally, the study demonstrated the permeation of an antiaging peptide into the human stratum corneum.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Risa Tamagawa-Mineoka
Summary: The skin acts as a physical barrier and toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a role in both infectious and non-infectious inflammatory diseases. In atopic dermatitis (AD), skin barrier dysfunction allows stimuli to penetrate the skin and activate the innate immune system, leading to inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shogo Takeda, Akari Yoneda, Kenchi Miyasaka, Yoshiaki Manse, Toshio Morikawa, Hiroshi Shimoda
Summary: Ceramide (Cer) is important for skin barrier functions, and ingestion of glucosylceramides (GlcCer) derived from food can reduce transepidermal water loss (TEWL). This study compared the moisturizing effects of 13 GlcCer and 6 Cer isolated from rice in a reconstructed human epidermal keratinization model. Results showed that certain GlcCer and Cer significantly reduced TEWL, and the moisturizing effects of GlcCer were dependent on the length of fatty acids. In addition, elasticamide increased SC Cer contents and GlcCer[d18:2(4E,8Z)/26:0] up-regulated the expression of filaggrin and corneodesmosin, contributing to epidermal hydration. This comparative study revealed differences in the hydration mechanisms of GlcCer and Cer isolated from rice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Philip A. Hines, Richard H. Guy, Angela Brand, Anthony J. Humphreys, Marisa Papaluca-Amati
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
M. Hoppel, M. A. M. Tabosa, A. L. Bunge, M. B. Delgado-Charro, R. H. Guy
Summary: This study successfully tested the input rates of nicotine and lidocaine into healthy human skin using tape-stripping method, revealing differences in drug delivery between transdermal patches and creams. The experimental approach was validated and confirmed using in vitro diffusion cells with pig skin samples.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andrea Pensado, Laura Hattam, K. A. Jane White, Anita McGrogan, Annette L. Bunge, Richard H. Guy, M. Begona Delgado-Charro
Summary: Prediction of skin absorption and local bioavailability from topical formulations remains a challenging task, with current research focusing on developing a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to predict distribution and absorption of complex dermatological products. In vitro experimental results were consistent with commercial product performance and new skin sampling data demonstrated the input rate and drug delivery requirements of the Scopoderm patch.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
M. Alice Maciel Tabosa, Sarah F. Cordery, K. A. Jane White, Annette L. Bunge, Richard H. Guy, M. Begona Delgado-Charro
Summary: The role of excipients in the partitioning and diffusion of drugs in the skin is crucial in the development of dermatological drug products. This study correlated the skin pharmacokinetics of diclofenac and the co-uptake of two key excipients, propylene glycol and butylene glycol, in human subjects. The results highlight the importance of considering the disposition of excipients in the optimization of drug delivery from topical formulations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Andrea Pensado, Anita McGrogan, K. A. Jane White, Annette L. Bunge, Richard H. Guy, M. Begona Delgado-Charro
Summary: Predicting the dermal bioavailability of topically delivered drugs is challenging. The study found that the uptake of betamethasone valerate into the stratum corneum was significantly higher at a dose of 5 mg/cm² compared to doses of 2 and 10 mg/cm². Skin blanching responses varied widely and were not sensitive to the dose of cream applied. The tape-stripping method was able to detect differences between applied doses, providing quantitative metrics for corticosteroid delivery.
DRUG DELIVERY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maxim Morin, Sebastian Bjorklund, Skaidre Jankovskaja, Kieran Moore, Maria Begona Delgado-Charro, Tautgirdas Ruzgas, Richard H. Guy, Johan Engblom
Summary: Non-invasive methods for early diagnosis of skin cancer are important. This study examined the use of reverse iontophoresis (RI) to enhance the extraction of tryptophan (Trp) and kynurenine (Kyn) for non-invasive sampling. The results showed that the Trp/Kyn ratio obtained from the skin surface matched that in the epidermal tissue. Increasing the pH of the receiver solution improved extraction efficiency, and using a bicontinuous cubic liquid crystal as the receiver medium showed comparable results to simple buffer solutions. Further in vivo investigations are warranted.
Correction
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andrea Pensado, Laura Hattam, K. A. Jane White, Anita McGrogan, Annette L. Bunge, Richard H. Guy, M. Begon Delgado-Charro
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hazel Garvie-Cook, Magdalena Hoppel, Richard H. Guy
Summary: This article illustrates the application of confocal Raman microspectroscopy and imaging to investigate the performance of topical and transdermal drug products at the formulation-skin interface. These techniques provide qualitative and potentially semi-quantitative insights into the interaction between the delivery system and the skin, drug transfer mechanisms, changes in drug solubility, and drug absorption and clearance within the skin.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
O. Yelamos, D. Andersen, M. Pont, P. Iglesias, M. Potrony, M. Dominguez, A. Herrero, B. Alejo, J. Mateu, M. Ropke, N. B. Danneskiold-Samsoe, J. Malvehy, R. H. Guy, S. Brix, S. Puig
Summary: We developed a minimally invasive and image-guided tape stripping method for sampling atopic skin in children. This method is safe, reliable, and provides reproducible acquisition of cDNA. By comparing and optimizing skin tape stripping procedures using multiple imaging techniques, we successfully established a protocol that produced good cDNA yield without significant adverse events in a shorter time compared to previous methods. This minimally invasive method enables rapid sample collection, which is crucial in clinical practice.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
M. Alice Maciel Tabosa, Pauline Vitry, Panagiota Zarmpi, Annette L. Bunge, Natalie A. Belsey, Dimitrios Tsikritsis, Timothy J. Woodman, K. A. Jane White, M. Begona Delgado-Charro, Richard H. Guy
Summary: The evaluation of drug bioavailability in the skin requires quantitative and non-invasive experimental tools. In this study, infrared and Raman spectroscopies were used to assess the uptake of a chemical into the stratum corneum. Experiments on excised porcine skin showed good correlations between spectroscopic results and chemical quantification using the tape-stripping method. The spectroscopic approach can potentially be used to investigate chemical disposition deeper in the skin.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Joan Eilstein, Vimal Nair, Kieran Moore, Steve Thomas Pannakal, Sebastien Gregoire, Prashant Ekhar, Richard H. Guy, M. Begona Delgado-Charro, Nita Roy
Summary: To commercially isolate phytochemicals, it is necessary to identify a suitable plant biomass source and conduct frequent analytical verification. Reverse iontophoretic (RI) sampling offers a potential solution that allows for non-destructive extraction of phytochemicals from different biomasses.
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Panagiota Zarmpi, M. Alice Maciel Tabosa, Pauline Vitry, Annette L. Bunge, Natalie A. Belsey, Dimitrios Tsikritsis, Timothy J. Woodman, M. Begona Delgado-Charro, Richard H. Guy
Summary: Confocal Raman spectroscopy is a promising tool for quantifying drug uptake and clearance in the skin, providing valuable insights into local bioavailability. This research confirmed that Raman signals can be used to correct for signal attenuation and detect drug disposition, as well as distinguish between different formulations.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kieran Moore, Shaun B. B. Reeksting, Vimal Nair, Steve T. T. Pannakal, Nita Roy, Joan Eilstein, Sebastien Gregoire, M. Begona Delgado-Charro, Richard H. H. Guy
Summary: Reverse iontophoresis (RI) was employed to non-destructively extract phytochemicals from intact fruits, and the extraction of ellagic acid from pomegranate fruit was successfully demonstrated. The RI sampling protocol was optimized, and multiple additional phytochemicals were also identified by LC-MS/MS.
Correction
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andrea Pensado, Laura Hattam, K. A. . Jane White, Anita McGrogan, Annette L. Bunge, Richard H. Guy, M. Begona Delgado-Charro
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Maria Alice Maciel Tabosa, Magdalena Hoppel, Annette L. Bunge, Richard H. Guy, M. Begona Delgado-Charro
Summary: The study shows that drug clearance from the difficult-to-access compartment in the skin can be inferred from systemic pharmacokinetic data, and is closely related to key physical chemical properties of the drug. A multiple regression analysis was used to determine this relationship and demonstrated that the model predictions correlated well with in vitro skin experiments.
DRUG DELIVERY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2021)