Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian Liu, Chunhong Zhang, Huiyong Fang, Letai Yi, Minhui Li
Summary: In a complex natural environment, plants have developed complex defense response mechanisms, including the NBS-LRR protein and alkaloids, to protect themselves. The NBS-LRR protein recognizes pathogenic microorganisms and triggers the immune response, while alkaloids inhibit pathogens. This study reviews the activation, recognition, and signal transduction of NBS-LRR proteins, as well as the synthesis and regulation of alkaloids in plant protection and discusses their current and future applications in biotechnology.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mauricio P. Contreras, Daniel Ludke, Hsuan Pai, AmirAli Toghani, Sophien Kamoun
Summary: Plants use both cell-surface and intracellular immune receptors to detect pathogens and activate an immune response. The intracellular recognition process is mainly mediated by immune receptors called nucleotide binding and leucine rich-repeat (NLR) proteins. NLRs trigger a strong immune reaction upon pathogen detection, often leading to programmed cell death. They can function as singleton receptors or form more complex networks. This article provides an overview of plant NLR biology, focusing on NLR networks and discussing recent advances in structure, function, and activation, as well as emerging topics like modulator NLRs, pathogen suppression, and NLR bioengineering.
Review
Horticulture
Xue Wang, Yuanfan Xu, Haiyan Fan, Na Cui, Xiangnan Meng, Jiajing He, Nana Ran, Yang Yu
Summary: NBS-LRR protein is the main immune receptor in plants, which participates in plant resistance to pathogens. When activated by the pathogen's effector protein, the conformation of NBS-LRR protein changes to trigger defense responses. This paper reviews the domains and functions of NBS-LRR protein, the molecular mechanism of induced immune response, and its application in disease resistance breeding.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ervin D. Nagy, Julia L. Stevens, Neil Yu, Chris S. Hubmeier, Nona LaFaver, Megan Gillespie, Brian Gardunia, Qianshun Cheng, Steven Johnson, Audrey L. Vaughn, Miguel E. Vega-Sanchez, Mingqui Deng, Linda Rymarquis, Richard J. Lawrence, Graeme S. Garvey, Robert T. Gaeta
Summary: This study demonstrates the accelerated diversification of innate immunity of plants using CRISPR, leading to the generation of novel disease resistance gene paralogues.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhihao Qian, Yan Li, Jingshan Yang, Tao Shi, Zhizhong Li, Jinming Chen
Summary: In this study, a high-quality chromosome-level genome of Pistia stratiotes was assembled using Illumina sequencing, PacBio sequencing, and Hi-C scaffolding technology. The genome assembly revealed the evolutionary history and mechanisms of rapid invasion in this invasive aquatic plant. The expansion of gene families related to disease resistance was identified as a potential contributor to the rapid invasion of P. stratiotes. The study also identified 85 disease-resistance genes in the NBS-LRR gene family.
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
(2022)
Review
Virology
Mailys Piau, Corinne Schmitt-Keichinger
Summary: Plant proteins rich in leucine repeats are important in detecting and defending against pathogens, including viruses. They can be found both at the cellular surface for pattern-triggered immunity and inside cells for effector-triggered immunity. Progress has been made in understanding the role of these proteins, particularly in the hypersensitive response to viruses.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuchen Chen, Wei Wu, Bohan Yang, Fei Xu, Shanshan Tian, Jiang Lu, Peining Fu
Summary: The expression of VaRPP13 gene enhances resistance to oomycete pathogens in Arabidopsis and tobacco, and this enhancement is closely related to the activation of salicylic acid signaling pathway.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jing-Shan Yang, Zhi-Hao Qian, Tao Shi, Zhi-Zhong Li, Jin-Ming Chen
Summary: This study reports the genome assembly of Nymphoides indica, a species of aquatic plant, providing insights into its genome characteristics and identifying genes related to hypoxia and plant-pathogen interactions. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the evolution and invasion of Nymphoides species.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jing Luo, Matthew N. Rouse, Lei Hua, Hongna Li, Boshu Li, Tianya Li, Wenjun Zhang, Caixia Gao, Yanpeng Wang, Jorge Dubcovsky, Shisheng Chen
Summary: The identification of the Ug99-effective SrTm5 gene from diploid wheat and its successful introgression into hexaploid wheat opens up new possibilities for developing more effective strategies to combat wheat stem rust. The rare insertion of a large retrotransposon into the Sr22b gene indicates the complexity of genetic resistance mechanisms in wheat, highlighting the importance of exploring diverse sources of resistance for breeding programmes aimed at controlling this devastating disease. The use of a diagnostic molecular marker and biolistic transformation techniques demonstrate the potential for rapid deployment of Sr22b and its combination with other resistance genes to enhance resistance in wheat.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Yaolan Jiang, Zhiliang Li, Wenxiang Li, Hefen Cheng, Wei Zhao, Tao Li, Baojuan Sun, Qian You, Dinggang Zhou
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of SmNBS genes in the eggplant genome, revealing their structural features, evolutionary process, and expression patterns in disease resistance. It is of great significance for the research on eggplant disease resistance and breeding of new varieties.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jing Yang, Guangyang Liu, Junyong Tang, Xiujun Wang, Yanling Diao, Yang Su, Dan Sun, Jiawei Shang, Yong Guo, Li-Juan Qiu
Summary: A highly resistant soybean landrace, Fangzheng Moshidou, with reduced aphid colonization has been identified and the resistance has been mapped to a specific gene region.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Namo Dubey, Anjali Chaudhary, Kunal Singh
Summary: Resistance gene analogs (RGAs) belonging to the NBS-LRR gene family, specifically the TIR-NBS-LRR (TNL) subfamily, were identified from the Solanum tuberosum genome in this study. The bioinformatics characterization revealed 44 genes encoding 60 TNL transcripts, with two prominent clusters located on chromosome 1 and chromosome 11. Differential expression of several genes, including high expression of StTNLC6G2T1 and StTNLC11G9T1, was observed in response to Alternaria solani infection in different potato varieties. Functional characterization of StTNLC7G2 gene demonstrated its involvement in reactive oxygen species generation during A. solani attack, suggesting its potential role in plant defense through hypersensitive response.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Yanqing Zhang, Muhammad Waseem, Zaohai Zeng, Jing Xu, Chengjie Chen, Yuanlong Liu, Jixian Zhai, Rui Xia
Summary: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) such as miR482/2118 are small noncoding RNAs of 21-24 nucleotides in length, widely distributed across the plant kingdom. They play essential roles in disease resistance and plant reproduction, with distinct functions in different plant species.
Article
Plant Sciences
He Zhang, Zi Ye, Zhixin Liu, Yu Sun, Xinyu Li, Jiao Wu, Guangzhen Zhou, Yinglang Wan
Summary: In this study, we identified four MeLRR genes that positively regulate cassava's disease resistance against Xam. We also found that MeLRRs positively regulate the accumulation of endogenous SA, ROS, and pathogenesis-related gene transcripts. Furthermore, we demonstrated their positive role in disease resistance in Arabidopsis.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Mark J. Quinton-Tulloch, Katherine A. Steele
Summary: Plant resistance genes drive immune responses in crops. This study aimed to predict candidate NLR R-genes in rice genomes, detect variation in these genes, and identify potential selectable markers. The analysis revealed clusters of R-genes and pseudogenes, as well as a higher frequency of SNPs and InDels in NLR R-gene candidates. The findings provide valuable insights for developing disease-resistant varieties in the future.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Maria Mayol, Miquel Riba, Stephen Cavers, Delphine Grivet, Lucie Vincenot, Federica Cattonaro, Giovanni G. Vendramin, Santiago C. Gonzalez-Martinez
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Baohua Li, Michelle Tang, Celine Caseys, Ayla Nelson, Marium Zhou, Xue Zhou, Siobhan M. Brady, Daniel J. Kliebenstein
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luisa Bresadola, Vivian Link, C. Alex Buerkle, Christian Lexer, Daniel Wegmann
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nicole E. Soltis, Celine Caseys, Wei Zhang, Jason A. Corwin, Susanna Atwell, Daniel J. Kliebenstein
Article
Plant Sciences
Giovanni Scopece, Clarisse Palma-Silva, Donata Cafasso, Christian Lexer, Salvatore Cozzolino
Article
Biology
Huiying Shang, Jaqueline Hess, Melinda Pickup, David L. Field, Par K. Ingvarsson, Jianquan Liu, Christian Lexer
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan P. Jaramillo-Correa, Francesca Bagnoli, Delphine Grivet, Bruno Fady, Filippos A. Aravanopoulos, Giovanni G. Vendramin, Santiago C. Gonzalez-Martinez
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuel de Pedro, Miquel Riba, Santiago C. Gonzalez-Martinez, Pedro Seoane, Rocio Bautista, Manuel Gonzalo Claros, Maria Mayol
Summary: Understanding the evolutionary processes behind range expansions is crucial for predicting how organisms respond to environmental changes. A study on Leontodon longirostris, a plant species in the Western Mediterranean, shows that although the expansion led to a loss of genetic diversity and an increase in deleterious mutations, the expansion load in this species was smaller compared to other plant species. This could be attributed to its high dispersal ability, self-incompatible mating system, and expansion along a strong environmental cline.
Article
Plant Sciences
Manuel de Pedro, Maria Mayol, Santiago C. Gonzalez-Martinez, Ingrid Regalado, Miquel Riba
Summary: This study investigates the adaptive factors constraining adaptation in Leontodon longirostris, a short-lived species, along an expansion route. The study finds that phenological patterns play a crucial role in shaping adaptive clines for major life-history stage transitions, and the observed genetic load does not seem to hinder adaptation to climatic variability.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Agathe Hurel, Marina de Miguel, Cyril Dutech, Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau, Christophe Plomion, Isabel Rodriguez-Quilon, Agathe Cyrille, Thomas Guzman, Ricardo Alia, Santiago C. Gonzalez-Martinez, Katharina B. Budde
Summary: This study explores the genetic variation in adaptive traits of maritime pine, finding significant broad-sense heritability for traits such as tree height, spring phenology, and pathogen susceptibility. The study also reveals contrasting trends for pathogen susceptibility and tree height among different populations, providing insights for genetic conservation and breeding strategies integrating species responses to biotic stressors.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Forestry
Alejandra Lorena Goncalves, Maria Victoria Garcia, Maria Eugenia Barrandeguy, Santiago Cesar Gonzalez-Martinez, Myriam Heuertz
Summary: Gene dispersal processes play a significant role in shaping the demographic and microevolutionary dynamics of tree species. This review examines the drivers of gene dispersal, including the mating system, population density, propagule dispersal, and successional stage, and their consequences for gene dispersal in tree species from seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF). Understanding these determinants can inform management actions for the conservation and restoration of SDTF.
TREE GENETICS & GENOMES
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Juliette Archambeau, Marta Benito Garzon, Marina de Miguel, Benjamin Brachi, Frederic Barraquand, Santiago C. Gonzalez-Martinez
Summary: This study empirically tested the effects of environmental selection and population admixture on genetic variation in maritime pine populations. The results showed that populations experiencing colder winters had lower genetic variation for early height growth, while within-population genetic variation was not influenced by environmental heterogeneity or admixture. These findings provide insights into the adaptive potential of populations to changing environments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huiying Shang, David L. Field, Ovidiu Paun, Martha Rendon-Anaya, Jaqueline Hess, Claus Vogl, Jianquan Liu, Par K. Ingvarsson, Christian Lexer, Thibault Leroy
Summary: Genomic landscapes of nucleotide diversity and differentiation are investigated to understand speciation processes. Resequencing 201 whole genomes from 8 closely related Populus species reveals extensive introgression between some species pairs. Conserved patterns of genomic divergence across species pairs are observed, with signatures of linked selection, gene flow, and standing genetic variation identified.
Article
Forestry
Yusuf Kurt, Burcu Cengel, Ercan Velioglu, Santiago C. Gonzalez-Martinez, Delphine Grivet, Nuray Kaya
Summary: The aim of this study was to characterize and compare genetic resources of Aleppo pine and Brutia pine in the Mediterranean Basin. By analyzing 56 populations from eight countries, it was found that the genetic diversity of Brutia pine was slightly higher than that of Aleppo pine. Furthermore, Aleppo pine populations showed clear east-west differentiation, while Brutia pine populations did not exhibit any spatial genetic pattern.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marjana Westergren, Juliette Archambeau, Marko Bajc, Rok Damjanic, Adelaide Theraroz, Hojka Kraigher, Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio, Santiago C. Gonzalez-Martinez
Summary: This study examined the response of European beech to selection under field conditions. The results showed that larger trees with higher fruit production and early male flowering had higher total fecundity, while trees with longer growth season had lower total fecundity (directional selection). Stabilizing selection on spring phenology was found for female fecundity, indicating the impact of late frosts on selection. Compared to other studies, this research found relatively low to moderate heritability and evolvability for most traits. The study suggests that forest tree populations, such as European beech, can locally adapt even at short time scales.