Article
Virology
Hortense Petat, Vincent Gajdos, Francois Angoulvant, Pierre-Olivier Vidalain, Sandrine Corbet, Christophe Marguet, Jacques Brouard, Astrid Vabret, Meriadeg Ar Gouilh
Summary: The study found that in infants with acute bronchiolitis, 90% tested positive for respiratory syncytial virus and 34% for human rhinovirus, with a higher risk of HRV infection in the absence of RSV. This suggests the presence of interference or exclusion mechanisms between HRV and RSV.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jiahong Tan, Jinfeng Wu, Wujun Jiang, Li Huang, Wei Ji, Yongdong Yan, Meijuan Wang, Xuejun Shao
Summary: Bronchiolitis is a common clinical syndrome in infants and young children. In a study of 1012 hospitalized children with bronchiolitis, 83.2% tested positive for pathogens, with most cases being single virus infections. The most common pathogens detected were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), followed by Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and human rhinovirus (HRV). Coinfection was identified in 13.5% of patients, leading to longer illness duration, increased symptom severity, and higher risk of hypoxemia.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Tytti Vihikangas, Sauli Palmu, Anna-Maija Koivisto, Paula Heikkila
Summary: The incidence of bronchiolitis hospitalization has changed in Tampere, Finland over the past two decades, with higher incidence peaks and a shift towards spring.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mingyang Niu, Zhen Jiang, Xin Xin, Junling Zhu, Jia Yang, Min Diao, Gongjian Qi, Boxiang Qi
Summary: This study found that HMGB1 expression is increased in the peripheral blood of children with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis, correlated with disease severity, and may promote monocyte-mediated immune inflammation. Additionally, HMGB1 expression is associated with the development of asthma in children and can serve as a prognostic indicator.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Marwa M. H. Ghazaly, Nagla H. Abu Faddan, Duaa M. Raafat, Nagwa A. Mohammed, Simon Nadel
Summary: The study evaluated the incidence of PARDS in AVB, highlighting RSV as a common trigger pathogen and bacterial infection as a risk factor for PARDS development in infants with AVB.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Vadim Ivanov, Antonius G. P. Oomens, James F. Papin, Rachel Staats, Darlene N. Reuter, Zhongxin Yu, Pedro A. Piedra, Robert C. Wellliver
Summary: RSV is a major viral respiratory pathogen for infants and children, with no licensed vaccine available. A vaccine has been developed using a human RSV strain with the M protein gene deleted, preventing viral replication. Vaccination led to reduced illness signs and viral replication in infected animals, supporting further development for human use.
Article
Pediatrics
Gabriela F. Biondo, Bruna T. Lorentz, Jose Antonio Monteiro Flores, Joao Carlos Batista Santana, Sergio L. Amantea
Summary: This study found an association between measurements of the interbronchial angle and the severity of acute viral bronchiolitis. A smaller interbronchial angle was found to be associated with greater disease severity.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Pekka Hurme, Miisa Komulainen, Marleena Tulkki, Annamari Leino, Beate Ruckert, Riitta Turunen, Tytti Vuorinen, Mubeccel Akdis, Cezmi A. Akdis, Tuomas Jartti
Summary: The cytokine profiles of Rhinovirus (RV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced first wheezing episode differ, with higher cytokine expression and longer hospitalization time in the RSV group. In the RV group, increased expression of I-309 (CCL1) and TARC is associated with fewer relapses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Celine Delestrain, Kostas Danis, Isabelle Hau, Sylvie Behillil, Marie-Noelle Billard, Leyla Krajten, Robert Cohen, Louis Bont, Ralph Epaud
Summary: The RSV epidemic in the 2020-2021 season in France started 12 weeks later in the Ile de France region compared to previous seasons, and gradually spread across all the metropolitan regions in France. The peak number of bronchiolitis cases in 2021 occurred at week 12, 10-12 weeks after the previous seasonal peaks, but the number of cases remained lower than in previous seasonal peaks.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Karoliina Koivisto, Tea Nieminen, Asuncion Mejias, Cristina Capella Gonzalez, Fang Ye, Sara Mertz, Mark Peeples, Octavio Ramilo, Harri Saxen
Summary: Maternal pre-F antibodies are essential for providing immune protection to infants against RSV bronchiolitis.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Ruchir Gupta, Mara L. Leimanis, Marie Adams, Andre S. Bachmann, Katie L. Uhl, Caleb P. Bupp, Nicholas L. Hartog, Eric J. Kort, Rosemary Olivero, Sarah S. Comstock, Dominic J. Sanfilippo, Sophia Y. Lunt, Jeremy W. Prokop, Surender Rajasekaran
Summary: Viral infections affecting the lower respiratory tract impose significant burdens on hospitals, with no vaccines or antiviral agents available for many viruses. Analyzing risk factors and outcomes in patients using minimally invasive blood analysis can improve healthcare delivery. Transcriptomic analysis of infants with bronchiolitis and respiratory syncytial virus revealed immune system, interferon signaling, and cytokine signaling signatures in severe cases, with notable sex differences. Understanding patient-specific transcriptomic signatures is crucial for identifying unique infections, immune responses, and pathways in viral bronchiolitis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Styliani Pappa, Katerina Haidopoulou, Charalampos Zarras, Eleni Theodorakou, Eleni Papadimitriou, Elias Iosifidis, Ioanna Gkeka, Konstantina Stoikou, Eleni Vagdatli, Lemonia Skoura, Anna Papa
Summary: An unexpected surge of RSV infections among children was observed in Greece, with RSV-A being the predominant subtype. This may be attributed to the lack of immunity among children and mothers due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Awareness and molecular epidemiology are crucial for diagnosing and monitoring RSV infections.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mina Suh, Naimisha Movva, Xiaohui Jiang, Lauren C. Bylsma, Heidi Reichert, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: This study demonstrates that acute bronchiolitis due to RSV is the leading cause of hospitalizations in US infants, especially during the winter months.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
E. Murillo-Zamora, O. Mendoza-Cano, M. Huerta, M. Rios-Silva, A. Lugo-Radillo, V. Benites-Godinez, J. A. Bricio-Barrios, E. F. Rios-Bracamontes, X. Trujillo
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the survival experience of children hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection due to bronchiolitis. A nationwide retrospective cohort study was conducted in Mexico, analyzing data from 436 children aged 5 years and younger. High survival rates were observed within the first three weeks of hospital admission, with a mortality rate of 2.1 per 1,000 person-days.
Article
Virology
Samadhan J. Jadhao, Binh Ha, Courtney McCracken, Tebeb Gebretsadik, Christian Rosas-Salazar, James Chappell, Suman Das, Tina Hartert, Larry J. Anderson
Summary: RSV infection plays a major role in respiratory tract diseases in infants and throughout life. The RSV antibody enzyme-linked immunoassay is sensitive for detecting infant infection, and the two G EIAs can indicate the group of an earlier primary infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Stacey L. Valentine, Sapna R. Kudchadkar, Shan Ward, Brenda M. Morrow, Vinay M. Nadkarni, Martha A. Q. Curley
Summary: This article provides an updated review of nonpulmonary treatments for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) and generates clinical practice recommendations, good practice statements, and research statements to optimize and standardize care for PARDS patients and identify areas for further investigation.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Courtney M. Rowan, Adrienne G. Randolph, Narayan Prabhu Iyer, Steven Kwasi Korang, Martin C. J. Kneyber
Summary: This article provides an updated review of pulmonary-specific ancillary therapies for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) to update the recommendations and statements on clinical practice and research. The evidence for these specific therapies remains low, and further investigation is needed to understand their role in PARDS.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Narayan Iyer, Robinder Khemani, Guillaume Emeriaud, Yolanda. M. Lopez-Fernandez, Steven Kwasi Korang, Katherine M. Steffen, Ryan. P. Barbaro, Melania. M. Bembea
Summary: This article presents the methodology used for The Second Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC-2) which aimed to develop evidence-based clinical recommendations and expert-based consensus statements for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). Electronic searches were conducted and data extraction was done using a standardized form. The conference involved a multidisciplinary group of international experts and utilized the GRADE system and appropriateness method. The findings were disseminated through primary and supplemental publications.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Guillaume Emeriaud, Yolanda Lopez-Fernandez, Narayan Prabhu Iyer, Melania M. Bembea, Asya Agulnik, Ryan P. Barbaro, Florent Baudin, Anoopindar Bhalla, Werther Brunow de Carvalho, Christopher L. Carroll, Ira M. Cheifetz, Mohammod J. Chisti, Pablo Cruces, Martha A. Q. Curley, Mary K. Dahmer, Heidi J. Dalton, Simon J. Erickson, Sandrine Essouri, Analia Fernandez, Heidi R. Flori, Jocelyn R. Grunwell, Philippe Jouvet, Elizabeth Y. Killien, Martin C. J. Kneyber, Sapna R. Kudchadkar, Steven Kwasi Korang, Jan Hau Lee, Duncan J. Macrae, Aline Maddux, Vicent M. Alapont, Brenda M. Morrow, Vinay M. Nadkarni, Natalie Napolitano, Christopher J. L. Newth, Marti Pons-Odena, Michael W. Quasney, Prakadeshwari Rajapreyar, Jerome Rambaud, Adrienne G. Randolph, Peter Rimensberger, Courtney M. Rowan, L. Nelson Sanchez-Pinto, Anil Sapru, Michael Sauthier, Steve L. Shein, Lincoln S. Smith, Katerine Steffen, Muneyuki Takeuchi, Neal J. Thomas, Sze Man Tse, Stacey Valentine, Shan Ward, R. Scott Watson, Nadir Yehya, Jerry J. Zimmerman, Robinder G. Khemani
Summary: This study is an international consensus conference aiming to update the guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS), considering new evidence and previously unaddressed topics. The study involved 11 subgroups addressing 11 topic areas, resulting in 146 recommendations and statements that will facilitate the implementation and adherence to the best clinical practice.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Brenda Morrow, Asya Agulnik, Werther Brunow de Carvalho, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Jan Hau Lee
Summary: This study conducted a review to optimize the recognition of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) in resource-limited settings (RLS) and provided recommendations for clinical practice and future research in these settings. The study found that PARDS remains poorly described in RLS and future studies are urgently needed to describe the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of PARDS in RLS.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Christopher L. Carroll, Natalie Napolitano, Marti Pons-Odena, Narayan Prabhu Iyer, Steven Kwasi Korang, Sandrine Essouri
Summary: This study developed evidence-based recommendations for the effectiveness of noninvasive respiratory support for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS), including considerations of timing, duration, disease severity, and treatment delivery. The study found that noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is widely used for respiratory failure in children and may be beneficial for some patients with PARDS, but close monitoring is required for worsening disease and NIV failure.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Nadir Yehya, Lincoln J. Smith, Neal J. M. Thomas, Katherine M. Steffen, Jerry Zimmerman, Jan Hau J. Lee, Simon J. L. Erickson, Steven L. Shein
Summary: This article presents the revisions of the definitions for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (PARDS) made during the Second Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC-2). Through the assessment of a large number of research data, 17 consensus-based definition statements were generated to update the definitions of PARDS, Possible PARDS, and At-Risk for PARDS.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
L. Nelson Sanchez-Pinto, Michael Sauthier, Prakadeshwari Rajapreyar, Werther Brunow de Carvalho, Philippe Jouvet, Christopher Newth
Summary: This study aims to summarize the relevant evidence on clinical informatics interventions in pediatric and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and generate recommendations and statements based on expert consensus. The use of electronic algorithms and clinical informatics tools can significantly improve patient outcomes in PARDS.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Elizabeth Y. Killien, Aline B. Maddux, Sze Man Tse, R. Scott Watson
Summary: This study summarizes the evidence for the recommendations of the Second Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference-2 (PALICC-2) for assessing outcomes among patients surviving pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). The results show that morbidity following PARDS is common and affects multiple domains of pulmonary and nonpulmonary function. Although there is insufficient evidence to generate evidence-based recommendations, eight good practice statements and five research statements have been proposed.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jerome Rambaud, Ryan P. Barbaro, Duncan J. Macrae, Heidi Dalton
Summary: This article aims to systematically review and synthesize literature on children receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS), with the goal of updating the recommendations from the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference. Based on the analysis of 18 studies, six clinical recommendations, three good practice statements, two policy statements, and one research statement were generated.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Anoopindar Bhalla, Florent Baudin, Muneyuki Takeuchi, Pablo Cruces
Summary: Monitoring is crucial for assessing changes in lung condition, identifying heart-lung interactions, and improving respiratory support and therapy in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). This article aims to report on the rationale behind the revised monitoring recommendations/statements from the Second Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC-2).
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Guillaume Emeriaud, Marti Pons-odena, Anoopindar K. Bhalla, Steven L. Shein, Elizabeth Y. Killien, Vicent Alapont, Courtney Rowan, Florent Baudin, John C. Lin, Gabrielle Gregoire, Natalie Napolitano, Juan Mayordomo-Colunga, Franco Diaz, Pablo Cruces, Alberto Medina, Lincoln Smith, Robinder G. Khemani
Summary: This study aimed to describe the use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and its clinical outcomes in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS).
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Conchita Izquierdo, Pilar Ciruela, Nuria Soldevila, Juan-Jose Garcia-Garcia, Sebastia Gonzalez-Peris, Alvaro Diaz-Conradi, Belen Vinado, Mariona F. de Sevilla, Fernando Moraga-Llop, Carmen Munoz-Almagro, Angela Dominguez, Barcino Working Grp
Summary: The incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and healthcare demand decreased in children in Catalonia in 2021 compared to the pre-pandemic period and the early pandemic period. Emergency room (ER) visits declined by 21% in 2021, with the greatest decrease in the first quarter. IPD incidence overall decreased by 58% in 2021, especially in the first quarter.
Article
Pediatrics
Guillaume Mortamet, Christophe Milesi, Florent Baudin, Nilufer Yalindag, Martin Kneyber, Marti Pons-Odena
Summary: This study used a modified Delphi survey to reach a consensus among experts on the definition and modalities of weaning from noninvasive ventilation in acute settings. The issued clinical practice statements address important aspects of defining weaning, defining weaning failure, criteria to initiate weaning, and modalities of weaning.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Maria Hernandez-Garcia, Elies Roldan-Berengue, Carmina Guitart, Monica Girona-Alarcon, Guillermo Arguello, Rosa Pino, Mariona F. de Sevilla, Juan Jose Garcia-Garcia, Iolanda Jordan
Summary: Distinguishing between Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) and sepsis is complex. This study compared demographic, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic data to identify differences between pediatric patients with MIS-C and sepsis, and developed a scoring system to distinguish between the two. The MISSEP score, based on five criteria, showed high sensitivity and specificity in discriminating MIS-C from sepsis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
