Article
Infectious Diseases
Mohammad Hussain Alqahtani, Mohammad Faraj Alqahtani, Mohammed Asiri, Saad Alghamdi, Ziyad Alshagawi, Saleh Alzahrani
Summary: The study aims to determine the clinical presentation, past medical history, hospitalization course, and prognosis in children below two years of age who have been hospitalized in the past five years. The results show a significant increase in the length of ICU and ventilator use among females compared to males. Furthermore, infants younger than 12 months account for the majority of ICU admissions.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jaime Fergie, Mina Suh, Xiaohui Jiang, Jon P. Fryzek, Tara Gonzales
Summary: This study found an increase in the burden and severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations and all-cause bronchiolitis hospitalizations among otherwise healthy 29-34 weeks' gestational age infants aged <6 months after 2014. The American Academy of Pediatrics' recommendation change regarding palivizumab usage may have contributed to this increase.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laura L. Hammitt, Ron Dagan, Yuan Yuan, Manuel Baca Cots, Miroslava Bosheva, Shabir A. Madhi, William J. Muller, Heather J. Zar, Dennis Brooks, Amy Grenham, Ulrika Wahlby Hamren, Vaishali S. Mankad, Pin Ren, Therese Takas, Michael E. Abram, Amanda Leach, M. Pamela Griffin, Tonya Villafana
Summary: A single injection of nirsevimab administered before the RSV season protected healthy late-preterm and term infants from medically attended RSV-associated lower respiratory tract infection.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
B. Kampmann, S. A. Madhi, I. Munjal, E. A. F. Simoes, B. A. Pahud, C. Llapur, J. Baker, G. Perez Marc, D. Radley, E. Shittu, J. Glanternik, H. Snaggs, J. Baber, P. Zachariah, S. L. Barnabas, M. Fausett, T. Adam, N. Perreras, M. A. Van Houten, A. Kantele, L. -M Huang, L. J. Bont, T. Otsuki, S. L. Vargas, J. Gullam, B. Tapiero, R. T. Stein, F. P. Polack, H. J. Zar, N. B. Staerke, M. Duron Padilla, P. C. Richmond, K. Koury, K. Schneider, E. V. Kalinina, D. Cooper, K. U. Jansen, A. S. Anderson, K. A. Swanson, W. C. Gruber, A. Gurtman
Summary: Vaccination of pregnant women with RSVpreF vaccine was effective in reducing severe RSV-associated lower respiratory tract illness in infants. The vaccine showed 81.8% efficacy within 90 days and 69.4% efficacy within 180 days. The vaccine was found to be safe for both mothers and infants.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mina Suh, Naimisha Movva, Xiaohui Jiang, Heidi Reichert, Lauren C. Bylsma, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: This study highlights the importance of ensuring access to RSV preventive measures for all infants and reveals the rates and trends of RSV hospitalizations and emergency department visits among infants with different insurance types.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jennifer Simpson, Kirsten M. Spann, Simon Phipps
Summary: RSV infection of hAECs leads to early and late release of HMGB1. Early release is independent of cell death but can be attenuated by inhibiting MLKL. Early release promotes late release and cell death via activation of RAGE. Inhibition of MLKL or targeting the HMGB1/RAGE pathway can attenuate the release of pro-inflammatory HMGB1 and decrease viral load.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Dvir Gatt, Isaac Martin, Rawan AlFouzan, Theo J. J. Moraes
Summary: RSV is a common cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease, particularly in young children, but there is currently no approved vaccine for prevention. In the past two decades, significant advancements have been made in understanding RSV's pathogenesis and immunopathology, leading to the development of potential vaccines and successful implementation of passive immunization. This review provides an update on current treatment options for acute RSV disease and different therapeutic approaches for RSV prevention.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dandan Mu, Xianchun Mao, Lizhen Wang
Summary: RSV-induced bronchiolitis can cause severe histological changes and inflammation, which are associated with a decrease in Treg cells and related cytokines, and an increase in Th17 cells and related cytokines. Azithromycin can effectively attenuate these symptoms by restoring the levels of Treg cells, Th17 cells, and their related cytokines.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Lauren C. Bylsma, Mina Suh, Naimisha Movva, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: A systematic literature review was conducted to summarize the mortality rates of US infants and children aged <5 years with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or all-cause bronchiolitis (ACB). The study found that the reported RSV mortality rates vary greatly and there is a need for nationally representative estimates for otherwise healthy, late-preterm to full-term infants and children.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Marwa M. H. Ghazaly, Nagla H. Abu Faddan, Duaa M. Raafat, Nagwa A. Mohammed, Simon Nadel
Summary: The study evaluated the incidence of PARDS in AVB, highlighting RSV as a common trigger pathogen and bacterial infection as a risk factor for PARDS development in infants with AVB.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Marco Del Riccio, Peter Spreeuwenberg, Richard Osei-Yeboah, Caroline K. Johannesen, Liliana Vazquez Fernandez, Anne C. Teirlinck, Xin Wang, Terho Heikkinen, Mathieu Bangert, Saverio Caini, Harry Campbell, John Paget
Summary: This study estimated that an average of 245,244 children aged under 5 years are hospitalized annually due to RSV in the EU, with the highest hospitalization rates in children aged less than 2 months (71.6 per 1000 children).
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Martin Wetzke, Dominik Funken, Mathias Lange, Levente Bejo, Sibylle Haid, Joao G. Tereno Monteiro, Katharina Schuetz, Christine Happle, Thomas F. Schulz, Juergen Seidenberg, Thomas Pietschmann, Gesine Hansen
Summary: The IRIS study is an observational, multi-centre study aiming to discover host and viral factors controlling RSV disease courses in infants. It seeks to improve our understanding of the immune response against this virus and may disclose novel diagnostic and treatment approaches for respiratory infections in infants.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Christopher B. Nelson, Brenna L. Brady, Megan Richards, Carolyn R. Lew, William La Via, Michael Greenberg, Christopher Rizzo
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the time from birth hospitalization discharge to the first outpatient visit (FOV) among US infants in order to determine optimal site of administration for the extended half-life antibody. The results found that Medicaid infants had a significantly lower completion rate of FOV compared to commercially insured infants. For US infants born during the RSV season, administration of extended half-life RSV antibodies in the newborn nursery prior to discharge would ensure optimal uptake and minimize access disparities.
Review
Immunology
Naimisha Movva, Mina Suh, Lauren C. Bylsma, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: This systematic literature review examines RSV testing patterns and finds that not all infants and children with LRTI are tested for RSV, leading to an underestimation of the RSV burden in all settings.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Anna Camporesi, Rosa Morello, Valentina Ferro, Luca Pierantoni, Alessandro Rocca, Marcello Lanari, Gian Luca Trobia, Tiziana Sciacca, Agata Giuseppina Bellinvia, Alessandra De Ferrari, Piero Valentini, Damian Roland, Danilo Buonsenso
Summary: The aim of this study was to understand the epidemiology, disease severity, and microbiology of bronchiolitis in Italy during the 2021-2022 cold season, outside of lockdowns. The bronchiolitis season started and peaked earlier than usual, but had a shorter duration. The severity of the disease did not increase compared to previous seasons, and SARS-CoV-2 was rarely a cause of bronchiolitis in children under 24 months of age.
Article
Immunology
Naimisha Movva, Mina Suh, Heidi Reichert, Bradley Hintze, Mark P. Sendak, Zachary Wolf, Shannon Carr, Tom Kaminski, Meghan White, Kimberley Fisher, Charles T. Wood, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson, William F. Malcolm
Summary: The research showed significant changes in the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) respiratory infections in infants during COVID-19, with different patterns across various healthcare settings, and the emergence of interseasonal disease. It is important to continue monitoring the epidemiology of RSV to understand its impact on healthcare resources and public health policy.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Lauren C. Bylsma, Mina Suh, Naimisha Movva, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: A systematic literature review was conducted to summarize the mortality rates of US infants and children aged <5 years with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or all-cause bronchiolitis (ACB). The study found that the reported RSV mortality rates vary greatly and there is a need for nationally representative estimates for otherwise healthy, late-preterm to full-term infants and children.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mina Suh, Naimisha Movva, Xiaohui Jiang, Heidi Reichert, Lauren C. Bylsma, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: This study highlights the importance of ensuring access to RSV preventive measures for all infants and reveals the rates and trends of RSV hospitalizations and emergency department visits among infants with different insurance types.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Elizabeth L. Glaser, Dhwani Hariharan, Diana M. Bowser, Raissa M. Gervasio, Katharine R. Rowlands, Lauren Buckley, Christopher B. Nelson, Donald S. Shepard
Summary: This study systematically reviewed and analyzed the burden of illness from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) among infants. The results indicated that RSV reduces the quality of life of children, caregivers, and families. However, the existing data mainly focus on hospitalized premature infants, and more research is needed for full-term healthy children.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Naimisha Movva, Mina Suh, Lauren C. Bylsma, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: This systematic literature review examines RSV testing patterns and finds that not all infants and children with LRTI are tested for RSV, leading to an underestimation of the RSV burden in all settings.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Mina Suh, Naimisha Movva, Lauren C. Bylsma, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: A systematic review of studies on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and bronchiolitis in US infants revealed substantial variability in the burden and healthcare utilization rates. Nationally representative studies are needed to understand the impact of RSV and healthcare utilization.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Erin N. Hodges, Meghan White, Christopher B. Nelson
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jason R. Gantenberg, Robertus van Aalst, Nicole Zimmerman, Brendan Limone, Sandra S. Chaves, William V. La Via, Christopher B. Nelson, Christopher Rizzo, David A. Savitz, Andrew R. Zullo
Summary: RSV is a major cause of infant hospitalization in the United States. While preterm infants and those with specific comorbidities are at high risk, 80% of RSV infections occur in term infants without comorbidities. Future prevention efforts should target all infants.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Diana M. Bowser, Katharine R. Rowlands, Dhwani Hariharan, Raissa M. Gervasio, Lauren Buckley, Yara Halasa-Rappel, Elizabeth L. Glaser, Christopher B. Nelson, Donald S. Shepard
Summary: This study examines the economic costs of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections among infants and young children in the United States. The findings suggest that public sources bear the majority of the medical costs associated with infants' RSV treatment, and full-term infants account for the majority of RSV hospitalizations and costs.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dhwani Hariharan, V. S. Senthil Kumar, Elizabeth L. Glaser, William H. Crown, Zachary A. Wolf, Kimberley A. Fisher, Charles T. Wood, William F. Malcolm, Christopher B. Nelson, Donald S. Shepard
Summary: This study estimates the quality of life for healthy US infants with RSV-LRTI and their caregivers and corrects for selective testing. It found that the quality of life for RSV-LRTI patients was significantly lower, and this loss was also present in outpatient cases.
HEALTH SCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Naimisha Movva, Susan T. Pastula, Saumitra V. Rege, R. Jeffrey Lewis, Lauren C. Bylsma
Summary: This scoping review investigates the use of employee health claims data by self-insured employers. The study findings show that these data can be utilized to assess the effectiveness of medical insurance and wellness plans, monitor employee health trends, and identify measures to improve employee health and reduce absenteeism.
POPULATION HEALTH MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Lauren C. Bylsma, Xerxes Pundole, Chia-Hsin Ju, Naushin Hooda, Naimisha Movva, Ehab Elkhouly, Gwyn Bebb, Jon Fryzek, Pablo Martinez, Akhila Balasubramanian, Anne-Marie C. Dingemans
Summary: DLL3 expression is highly prevalent in SCLC, but further research and analytical methods are needed to determine if there are any differences in patient survival or treatment response based on DLL3 expression in SCLC.
Article
Immunology
Christopher B. Nelson, Brenna L. Brady, Megan Richards, Carolyn R. Lew, William La Via, Michael Greenberg, Christopher Rizzo
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the time from birth hospitalization discharge to the first outpatient visit (FOV) among US infants in order to determine optimal site of administration for the extended half-life antibody. The results found that Medicaid infants had a significantly lower completion rate of FOV compared to commercially insured infants. For US infants born during the RSV season, administration of extended half-life RSV antibodies in the newborn nursery prior to discharge would ensure optimal uptake and minimize access disparities.
Article
Immunology
Heidi Reichert, Mina Suh, Xiaohui Jiang, Naimisha Movva, Lauren C. Bylsma, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: This study describes the mortality rate of infants in the United States due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The highest mortality rates were observed among infants with a gestational age of less than 29 weeks, American Indian/Alaskan Native infants, and Medicaid-insured infants. However, the burden of RSV mortality was greatest in full-term infants, white infants, and Medicaid-insured infants.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)