Article
Agronomy
Chongxing Zhang, Xiuxia Guo, Tao Li, Peng Cheng, Maoqing Gong
Summary: Insecticide resistance in mosquitoes is a global issue, and this study explores the proteome-wide analysis of proteins associated with insecticide resistance in different developmental stages of Culex pipiens pallens. The study identifies several proteins and pathways that contribute to cypermethrin resistance, including cuticular proteins, detoxification enzymes, and oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, the study highlights the potential role of previously neglected penetration resistance in the mosquito's adaptive response to insecticides.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuan Lv, Xixi Li, Hongbo Zhang, Feifei Zou, Bo Shen
Summary: The excessive and improper use of insecticides has led to resistance in mosquito populations. This study identified differentially expressed circRNAs in deltamethrin-susceptible and resistant mosquitoes, and found that a specific circRNA, named supercont3.352:252102|253283, may participate in deltamethrin resistance by regulating cpp-miR-1671 and CYP4G15.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Yang Xu, Jingwei Xu, Yang Zhou, Xixi Li, Yufen Meng, Lei Ma, Dan Zhou, Bo Shen, Yan Sun, Changliang Zhu
Summary: The cuticle protein encoded by CPR63 gene plays a role in deltamethrin resistance in Culex pipiens pallens. CPR63 transcripts were highly expressed in the legs and wings of the organism. Furthermore, the expression of CPR63 in the legs of deltamethrin-resistant strains was 2.17-fold higher than in deltamethrin-susceptible strains. Cuticle analysis revealed that the siCPR63 group had a significantly thinner cuticle in the tarsi region compared to the siNC group. TEM analysis showed that the exocuticle and endocuticle thickness of the tarsi were significantly thinner in the siCPR63 group, contributing to the thinner procuticle of the tarsi. These findings suggest that CPR63 may contribute to deltamethrin resistance by thickening the cuticle.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Wen-Xiang Lv, Peng Cheng, Jing-Jing Lei, Hui Peng, Chuan-Hui Zang, Zi-Wei Lou, Hong-Mei Liu, Xiu-Xia Guo, Hai-Yang Wang, Hai-Fang Wang, Chong-Xing Zhang, Li-Juan Liu, Mao-Qing Gong
Summary: This study investigated the gut microflora and gene expression levels in Culex pipiens pallens under low-temperature stress. It was found that low-temperature stress decreased the survival time of Cx. pipiens pallens and affected the diversity of gut microflora. Furthermore, a significant correlation between gut microflora and gene expression was observed.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chuanhui Zang, Xuejun Wang, Peng Cheng, Lijuan Liu, Xiuxia Guo, Haifang Wang, Ziwei Lou, Jingjing Lei, Wenqian Wang, Yiting Wang, Maoqing Gong, Hongmei Liu
Summary: Multiple kdr alleles associated with insecticide resistance are present in the Cx. p. pallens populations of Shandong Province, China. The geographical distributions of these mutations are likely due to prolonged and extensive insecticide application in agricultural contexts and mosquito population migrations. In contrast, the low-frequency kdr mutation detected in central Shandong Province populations may originate from limited selection pressure and genetic isolation in this area.
Article
Parasitology
Shufang Jiang, Dan Xing, Chunxiao Li, Yande Dong, Tongyan Zhao, Xiaoxia Guo
Summary: Experimental studies have shown that Culex pipiens pallens has a preservative effect on West Nile virus under low-temperature conditions, but the virus can rapidly reproduce and spread to susceptible animals when the temperature rises. This research is of great significance for exploring how West Nile virus enters new areas and how the cycle of transmission is maintained in China.
Article
Parasitology
Feifei Zou, Qin Guo, Xiaoshan Yang, Wei Zhang, Miao Jiang, Wei Dong, Bo Shen
Summary: The CYP6 cluster plays a significant role in deltamethrin resistance, with different strains showing varying levels of resistance corresponding to different expression sets in the P450 cluster. This study provides valuable insights into understanding insecticide resistance mechanisms related to P450s.
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Xixi Li, Yang Xu, Hongbo Zhang, Haitao Yin, Dan Zhou, Yan Sun, Lei Ma, Bo Shen, Changliang Zhu
Summary: This study demonstrates the successful application of ReMOT Control technique in Culex pipiens pallens mosquitoes, providing basic parameters for gene editing and facilitating research in mosquito biology and control.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Dongmin Kim, Travis W. Rusch, Dong-Kyu Lee
Summary: The study found that Culex pipiens pallens has preferences for white color and specific concentrations of chemicals. The attractiveness of traps to Cx. p. pallens varied depending on the concentration of ammonia and ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Rebecca M. Varney, Daniel Speiser, Carmel McDougall, Bernard M. Degnan, Kevin M. Kocot
Summary: Molluscs biomineralize structures with variations in composition, form, and function. Chitons, a type of mollusc, are promising for studying biomineralization as they build a range of calcified structures and coat their teeth with iron. The genome of the West Indian fuzzy chiton contains genes associated with biomineralization and surprising homologs of genes from ancestors that were expected to be absent. The genome also shows features specialized for iron biomineralization, indicating a potentially diverse ancestral toolkit.
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Rupinder Kaur, J. Dylan Shropshire, Karissa L. Cross, Brittany Leigh, Alexander J. Mansueto, Victoria Stewart, Sarah R. Bordenstein, Seth R. Bordenstein
Summary: Wolbachia, as the most widespread intracellular bacteria in the animal kingdom, serves as a biological archetype for studying symbiosis and its applications in combating human and agricultural diseases. Through a comprehensive analysis, Wolbachia's host range, diversity, genomics, cell biology, applications, and the mobilome including phage WO have been synthesized, highlighting its essentiality to reproductive phenotypes in arthropods. The interdisciplinary science of Wolbachia symbiosis also serves as a model for teaching integrative rules of endosymbiotic life.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nhi Hin, Morgan Newman, Stephen Pederson, Michael Lardelli
Summary: IRE gene expression changes serve as early markers of the pathogenic process in fAD, highlighting iron dyshomeostasis as a significant driver of the disease. The differences in the stability of IRE-containing transcripts can be utilized to explore and compare iron dyshomeostasis-associated gene expression responses across various species, tissues, and conditions.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Karl Volz
Summary: IREs are mRNA stem-loop targets regulated by IRP1 and IRP2 for translational control in genes involved in iron metabolism. There are ten classic IRE types with conserved secondary and tertiary structure elements, and 83 published IRE-like sequences that deviate from the established IRE model. The essential features of an IRE and its importance for IRE family membership are discussed in structurally-guided discussions.
Article
Microbiology
Francesca Paola Nocera, Giuseppe Iovane, Luisa De Martino, Bruce E. Holbein
Summary: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an important pathogen in dogs and also poses a potential threat to human health. A compound called DIBI shows potential as a non-antibiotic treatment for antimicrobial-resistant canine S. pseudintermedius otitis.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Matija Zorc, Ales Nagode, Jaka Burja, Borut Kosec, Milan Bizjak, Borut Zorc
Summary: This article analyzes the as-cast state of relatively unknown Fe-P-based cast alloys with or without carbon and/or boron addition, cast into a grey cast iron mold. The alloys' melting intervals were determined using DSC analysis, and their microstructure was characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopy with an EDXS detector. Hardness and microhardness measurements were also conducted, with hardness values ranging from 52 to 65 HRC depending on chemical composition and microstructure, indicating high abrasion resistance. The high hardness is attributed to the presence of eutectic and primary intermetallic phases such as Fe3P, Fe3C, Fe2B, or a mixture of them. By increasing the concentration and combination of metalloids, the alloys' hardness and brittleness were increased. Alloys with predominantly eutectic microstructures exhibited the least brittleness. The solidus and liquidus temperatures ranged from 954°C to 1220°C, depending on the chemical composition, and were lower than those of well-known wear-resistant white cast irons.