Article
Optics
Renjie Li, Ming Chen, Xinyu Shi, Wenhao Han, Xiangyang Wang, Wanli Zhao, Jinbiao Liu, Chuanxin Teng, Shijie Deng, Yu Cheng, Libo Yuan
Summary: This paper presents a compact, low-loss electro-optic modulator that utilizes graphene for phase and absorption modulation. It achieves high modulation efficiency, low insertion loss, and low energy consumption, making it suitable for designing high-performance optical communication network devices.
Article
Optics
Bingcheng Pan, Hongyuan Cao, Yishu Huang, Zong Wang, Kaixuan Chen, Huan Li, Zejie Yu, Daoxin Dai
Summary: This article presents a high-performance lithium niobate electro-optic modulator based on a new 2 x 2 Fabry-Perot cavity. It features a compact footprint, low power consumption, and high modulation speeds, making it promising for high-speed data transmission and signal processing.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Youqiao Ma, Jinhua Li, Zhanghua Han, Hiroshi Maeda, Jaromir Pistora
Summary: The study introduces a graphene-based T-slot waveguide modulator that achieves polarization-independent modulation. Through optimizing key characteristic parameters, the modulator demonstrates excellent modulation performance and compact structural design.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Jiaxin Zhang, Bincheng Pan, Weixi Liu, Daoxin Dai, Yaocheng Shi
Summary: Researchers have designed a photonic crystal nanobeam cavity on an etchless LiNbO3-On-Insulator platform, utilizing photonic bound states in the continuum to achieve a high Q factor. This opens up possibilities for manufacturing high-efficiency electro-optic modulators.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Amir Abbas Kashi, Jos J. G. M. Van der Tol, Kevin A. Williams, Weiming Yao, Michael S. Lebby, Cory Pecinovsky, Yuqing Jiao
Summary: For the first time, an electro-optic slot waveguide phase modulator on the InP membrane on Silicon (IMOS) platform is presented, with low-frequency characterization showing a V pi L pi product as low as 4.5 V.mm and an extinction ratio of 10.6 dB. The 3-dB optical bandwidth of this modulator is measured to be 10.5 GHz, making it suitable for broadband communication applications.
IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Jiawei Mao, Hiromu Sato, Alisa Bannaron, Jianxun Hong, Guo-Wei Lu, Shiyoshi Yokoyama
Summary: Efficient electro-optic modulation is achieved in a hybrid silicon modulator using an EO polymer in an in-plane coplanar waveguide and electrode structure. The strong confinement of the optical field in the hybrid structure enables efficient electric poling and modulation of the EO polymer. The study investigates the volume resistivity dependence of the efficiency of electric poling and modulation for different side-cladding materials. Experimental results demonstrate the high-speed signaling capability of the device, achieving on-off-keying transmission at signal rates up to 52 Gbit/s with a high Q factor.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Keith Powell, Liwei Li, Amirhassan Shams-Ansari, Jianfu Wang, Debin Meng, Neil Sinclair, Jiangdong Deng, Marko Loncar, Xiaoke Yi
Summary: The authors demonstrate an electro-optic modulator based on Silicon Carbide, which shows promising potential for quantum and optical communications. The modulator is fabricated using a CMOS foundry compatible process, and features small form-factor, high bandwidth, and stable operation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Shixin Xue, Zhimin Shi, Jingwei Ling, Zhengdong Gao, Qili Hu, Kaibo Zhang, Gareth Valentine, Xi Wu, Jeremy Staffa, Usman A. Javid, Qiang Lin
Summary: We present an on-chip high-speed visible-band electro-optic modulator that covers the entire visible spectrum of 400-700 nm. It achieves record low V-pi center dot L values of 0.48, 0.25, and 0.17 V center dot cm at red, green, and blue wavelengths of 630, 520, and 450 nm, respectively, with an operating bandwidth exceeding 20 GHz.
Article
Optics
Qiqin Wei, Jing Xiao, Daoguo Yang, Kaida Cai
Summary: An ultra-compact electro-optic microring modulator based on a hybrid plasmonic waveguide is proposed, utilizing AZO for plasmon excitation. The modulator has high modulation speed and is suitable for high-density integrated optical circuits.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zihan Zhou, Meng Chao, Xinxin Su, Shuanglin Fu, Ruonan Liu, Zhihua Li, Shuhui Bo, Zhuo Chen, Zhenlin Wu, Xiuyou Han
Summary: This paper presents an SOH-integrated electro-optic modulator (EOM) and investigates its structure design, silicon waveguide fabrication, on-chip poling of organic electro-optic material, and modulation response characterization. The experimental results demonstrate that the SOH-integrated EOM has a high bandwidth, low power consumption, and can be used in microwave photonic phase shifter.
Article
Optics
Sandeep Ummethala, Juned N. Kemal, Ahmed S. Alam, Matthias Lauermann, Artem Kuzmin, Yasar Kutuvantavida, Sree H. Nandam, Lothar Hahn, Delwin L. Elder, Larry R. Dalton, Thomas Zwick, Sebastian Randel, Wolfgang Freude, Christian Koos
Summary: This paper presents a method for efficient electro-optic modulators using slot-waveguide structures, which overcome the limitations of modulation bandwidth by applying this structure in modulating radio-frequency signals. Experimental results demonstrate excellent performance, providing a new approach towards efficient silicon photonic modulators with sub-1mm device lengths, sub-1V drive voltages, and modulation bandwidths exceeding 100 GHz.
Article
Physics, Applied
Agham B. B. Posadas, Vincent E. E. Stenger, John D. D. DeFouw, Jamie H. H. Warner, Alexander A. A. Demkov
Summary: Epitaxial BaTiO3 integrated on Si or Si-on-insulator using off-axis radio frequency sputtering is a promising material platform for building electro-optic modulators based on the Pockels effect. Barium titanate thin films with c-axis orientation have been epitaxially integrated on silicon-on-insulator wafers, showing excellent structural quality with Pockels coefficient (r(33)) > 130 pm/V and propagation loss <2 dB/cm. The results demonstrate that off-axis sputtered BaTiO3 films exhibit similar electro-optic modulation as high-quality films grown by molecular beam epitaxy, making it suitable for low-power Mach-Zehnder interferometer electro-optic modulators integrated on silicon in a Z-cut configuration.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Shinho Kim, Sergey G. Menabde, Joel D. Cox, Tony Low, Min Seok Jang
Summary: By utilizing a graphene-covered nanogap waveguide, the modulator overcomes wavelength limitations and achieves modulation depths exceeding 20 dB, making it more suitable for practical applications.
Article
Optics
Yufei Liu, Jialiang Sun, Xinyu Li, Shuxiao Wang, Wencheng Yue, Yan Cai, Mingbin Yu
Summary: We present a GeSi electro-absorption modulator with on-chip thermal tuning for the first time. Theoretical simulation confirms that the device temperature can be adjusted, leading to a broader effective operating wavelength range. Experimental results demonstrate that the optical transmission line shifts to longer wavelengths with increasing heater power. The device exhibits a 3 dB EO bandwidth of 89 GHz and achieves high data rates of 80 Gbit/s for non-return-to-zero on-off keying modulation and 100 Gbit/s for 4 pulse amplitude modulation.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Optics
Ying Pan, Mingbo He, Mengyue Xu, Zhongjin Lin, Yanmei Lin, Wei Ke, Jie Liu, Zhenrui Lin, Yuntao Zhu, Shenqian Gao, Hao Li, Xiaoyue Liu, Chuan Liu, Siyuan Yu, Xinlun Cai
Summary: This article introduces a compact polarization-insensitive electro-optic modulator based on substrate-removed thin-film lithium niobate technology, which allows the laser and modulator to be connected with a standard single-mode fiber at different locations. It is of great significance for 5G and future 6G wireless networks.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qunping Fan, Francis R. R. Lin, Wei Ma, Alex K. -Y. Jen
SCIENCE CHINA-CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Deng Wang, Jiabang Chen, Peide Zhu, Ying Qiao, Hang Hu, Jie Zeng, Jiyao Zhang, Geping Qu, Yanggang Wang, Xingzhu Wang, Alex K. -Y. Jen, Baomin Xu
Summary: Developing a facile method to prepare high-quality perovskite films without using the antisolvent technique is critical for upscaling the production of perovskite solar cells. By introducing pre-synthesized microcrystals as seed crystals, this study successfully promotes the formation of defect-free perovskite films, resulting in high-efficiency devices with enhanced stability. The best-performing device achieved a power conversion efficiency of 23.27% for small-area devices and 21.52% for large-area devices, which are among the highest reported efficiencies for antisolvent-free PVSCs.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mingliang Li, Yunfei Xie, Francis R. Lin, Ziwei Li, Shuang Yang, Alex K. - Y. Jen
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Baobing Fan, Wenkai Zhong, Wei Gao, Huiting Fu, Francis R. Lin, Reese W. -Y. Wong, Ming Liu, Chenhui Zhu, Cheng Wang, Hin-Lap Yip, Feng Liu, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: Sequentially deposited organic solar cells (SD-OSCs) have received great attention due to their ability to achieve a more favorable morphology. However, the processing of SD-OSCs is challenging in preventing the penetration of small-molecule acceptors into the polymer donor layer. In this study, solid additives with varied electrostatic potential distributions and steric hinderance are introduced to investigate their effect on vertical component distribution.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shengfan Wu, Jie Zhang, Minchao Qin, Fengzhu Li, Xiang Deng, Xinhui Lu, Wen-Jung Li, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: By incorporating a cross-linkable organic ligand into the perovskite precursor solution, the facet orientation of polycrystalline perovskite films can be controlled, leading to enhanced performance of perovskite-based devices. The resulting low-dimensional perovskites (LDPs) can passivate defects and improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 24.12% (rigid) and 23.23% (flexible). Furthermore, the ligand enables the derived LDPs to be crosslinked, enhancing the mechanical bending durability of flexible devices.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaofen Jiang, Xue Wang, Xin Wu, Shoufeng Zhang, Baoze Liu, Dong Zhang, Bo Li, Peng Xiao, Fang Xu, Haipeng Lu, Tao Chen, Alex K. -Y. Jen, Shangfeng Yang, Zonglong Zhu
Summary: This work reports a facile and effective strategy to stabilize alpha-FAPbI(3) perovskite in inverted perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) by regulating the residual strain through the incorporation of pseudo halide-based ionic liquids. The addition of methylamine formate (MAFa) ionic liquid enables the maintenance of a homogeneously stronger compressive strain, resulting in a record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.08% among reported inverted FAPbI(3) perovskite solar cells and enhanced device stability.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shuang-Qiao Sun, Xiuwen Xu, Qi Sun, Qin Yao, Yating Cai, Xin-Yi Li, Yan-Lin Xu, Wei He, Min Zhu, Xuan Lv, Francis R. Lin, Alex K. -Y. Jen, Tingting Shi, Hin-Lap Yip, Man-Keung Fung, Yue-Min Xie
Summary: This study develops a dual-interface engineering approach to improve the performance of all-inorganic wide-bandgap CsPbI2Br-based front sub-cells in perovskite/organic tandem solar cells (POTSCs). By mitigating the defects and carrier recombination induced by interface defects and perovskite grain boundaries, the CsPbI2Br-based front sub-cells achieve a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.0% and open-circuit voltage (V-OC) of 1.347 V. Furthermore, by integrating these dual-interface engineered front sub-cells with narrow-bandgap PM6:CH1007-based rear sub-cells, a record PCE of 23.21% is obtained for the POTSCs.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shengfan Wu, Ming Liu, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: Over the past decade, the efficiency of single-junction perovskite solar cells has significantly improved, approaching their limit. Constructing tandem solar cells is a promising route to achieve higher efficiency by effectively utilizing solar energy. Perovskite-organic tandem cells are particularly interesting due to the complementary properties of organic solar cells and PSCs, and have the potential to outperform existing tandem cells.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ruixi Luo, Xin Zhao, Ning Cai, Jiehao Zhao, Tiejun Wang, Yonggang Min, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: Introducing flexible alkyl chains into rigid conjugated molecules is an effective strategy to enhance the photovoltaic performance of organic semiconductor materials. In this study, seven hole-transporting materials (HTMs) were developed by attaching alkyl chains to the pi-linker and donor group. The HTMs exhibited optimized solution processability, molecular packing, and thermal phase transition, leading to high power conversion efficiencies in inverted perovskite solar cells.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fengzhu Li, Francis R. Lin, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: This article summarizes the current state of printable organic and perovskite solar cells and discusses the challenges and prospects towards commercialization. Different printing techniques and the correlation between material properties and printing mechanisms are analyzed. The optimization of ink formulation and film deposition for large-area devices is also discussed. Perspectives are provided regarding the future development of these solar cells towards practical commercialization.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaofei Ji, Leyu Bi, Qiang Fu, Bolin Li, Junwei Wang, Sang Young Jeong, Kui Feng, Suxiang Ma, Qiaogan Liao, Francis R. Lin, Han Young Woo, Linfeng Lu, Alex K. -Y. Jen, Xugang Guo
Summary: Adding Foamidinium Oxalate to SnO2 nanoparticles can improve the quality of SnO2/perovskite interface and enhance the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ming Liu, Leyu Bi, Wenlin Jiang, Zixin Zeng, Sai-Wing Tsang, Francis R. Lin, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: An introduced co-solvent strategy is utilized to disassemble the micelles formed by amphiphilic self-assembled monolayer (SAM) molecules, reducing the energetic barrier for densely packed SAM formation and universally enhancing the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of PSCs using MeO-2PACz, 2PACz, and CbzNaph SAM hole-selective layers. The champion device processed from CbzNaph using this co-solvent achieves a high PCE of 24.98% and improved stability.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Baobing Fan, Wei Gao, Rui Zhang, Werner Kaminsky, Lingxiao Tang, Francis R. Lin, Yiwen Wang, Qunping Fan, Wei Ma, Feng Gao, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: Organic photovoltaics (OPV) is an effective method for collecting solar energy, achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 19% when processed with halogenated solvents. Tailoring the absorption band of photoactive materials can further enhance OPV performance, and by developing a series of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with varied side-group conjugations, an enhanced absorption band in the short-wavelength region (SWR) is observed. The molecular structures and geometries that improve SWR absorption are elucidated, and a clear relationship between enhanced SWR absorption and reduced singlet-triplet energy gap is established, both of which can be tailored through rational structure design of NFAs. Finally, a rationally designed NFA, BO-TTBr, achieves a decent PCE of 18.5% when processed with a non-halogenated green solvent.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhuomin Zhang, Xuemu Li, Zehua Peng, Xiaodong Yan, Shiyuan Liu, Ying Hong, Yao Shan, Xiaote Xu, Lihan Jin, Bingren Liu, Xinyu Zhang, Yu Chai, Shujun Zhang, Alex K. -Y. Jen, Zhengbao Yang
Summary: Piezoelectric biomaterials have gained attention for their potential applications in biological systems. However, their weak effect and challenges in domain alignment limit their practical use. Here, a new strategy using nanoconfinement and in-situ poling is presented, resulting in large-scale, high performance β-glycine nanocrystalline films with enhanced piezoelectric properties. The findings offer a general approach for constructing high-performance piezoelectric bio-organic materials for biomedical devices.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qunping Fan, Ruijie Ma, Wenyan Su, Qinglian Zhu, Zhenghui Luo, Kai Chen, Yabing Tang, Francis R. Lin, Yuxiang Li, He Yan, Chuluo Yang, Alex K-Y Jen, Wei Ma
Summary: In this study, a series of chlorinated PSMAs with high molecular weight, favorable intermolecular interaction, and improved physicochemical properties were developed by adjusting chlorinated positions and copolymerized sites on end groups. The optimized blend morphology and high molecular weight of the chlorinated PSMA resulted in increased ductility and improved power conversion efficiency in all-polymer solar cells.
