Article
Engineering, Industrial
Yongan Zhu, Yan Cai, Min Wang
Summary: The addition of He content can improve the weld formation, but it also significantly affects the electric signal waveforms and metal transfer modes.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ngoc Quang Trinh, Shinichi Tashiro, Tetsuo Suga, Tomonori Kakizaki, Kei Yamazaki, Ackadech Lersvanichkool, Hanh Van Bui, Manabu Tanaka
Summary: The metal transfer behavior of gas metal arc welding in a pure argon shielding gas was studied using different wires. The results showed that the metal transfer mode changed with the welding current in the solid wire, while the droplet transfer frequency increased and the droplet diameter decreased in the metal-cored wire without changing the transfer mode. It was concluded that the spread of argon plasma at the wire tip in the solid wire reduced the electromagnetic force on droplet detachment, leading to a streaming transfer mode. In contrast, the presence of flux in the metal-cored wire prevented the spread of argon plasma and weakened the electromagnetic force, resulting in a globular transfer mode.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Mitsugu Yamaguchi, Rikiya Komata, Tatsuaki Furumoto, Satoshi Abe, Akira Hosokawa
Summary: The study focuses on the influence of shielding gas on the geometric accuracy of components fabricated using the GMAW-based WAAM process, and it was found that Ar gas is suitable for improving surface quality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhiqiang Zhang, Yuru Han, Xuecheng Lu, Tiangang Zhang, Yujie Bai, Qiang Ma
Summary: The influences of N2 content in shielding gas on microstructure and impact toughness of different zones in CMT-P hybrid welded joint of DSS were studied. It was found that the N2 addition significantly facilitated austenite formation and the precipitation of Cr2N and dislocations. It was recommended to use Ar+4% N2 as the shielding gas for joining DSS using CMT-P welding technique.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dmitry A. A. Chinakhov, Dmitry Pavlovich Il'yashchenko
Summary: This paper studies the impact of arc welding with a consumable electrode on the structure and microhardness of high-strength steel 45 welded joints. By controlling the shielding gas jet, the heat and mass transfer processes in the welding zone are changed, resulting in the mixing of molten electrode metal with the base metal. The study shows that the two-jet gas shielding provides faster heat distribution, reduces overheating, and improves the structural phase state and microhardness gradient of the welded joint.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qian Sun, Qisheng Xu, Yajun Xing, Xiaonan Wang
Summary: This study compared the effects of pure Ar and CO2 shielding gas on the surface morphology of laser-welded press-hardened steel (PHS) seams. The results showed that intermittent umbrella-shaped Fe-Al intermetallic compounds (IMCs) were present on both sides of the weld for the Ar shielding gas, but disappeared for CO2 shielding gas. The Al-Si coating on the humps of the molten pool melted and flowed into the gap between the humps through heat conduction, and the reaction between Fe and Al formed umbrella-shaped Fe-Al IMCs. The CO2 shielding gas reacted with liquid Al to form a floating film on the surface of the molten pool, which resulted in particle oxides on the weld surface after solidification.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
G. Mahadevan, T. Senthilkumar, N. Ramasamy
Summary: This study investigates the bead profile geometry of aluminum alloy and the influence of alternate gases in the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process. Welding currents of 105 A, 120 A, 135 A, and 150 A are considered, as well as the alternating duration of argon (Ar) and helium (He) shielding gases. It is found that 0.5 s (Ar) and 0.5 s (He) alternating shielding gases promote fewer porosity effects and improved microhardness and depth of penetration compared to other alternating shielding gases and pure argon.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART E-JOURNAL OF PROCESS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chao Li, Cheng-hong Duan, Yan-chang Qi, Yi-fan Sun, Cheng-yong Ma
Summary: The effects of two different shielding gases, Ar + CO2 and Ar + He + N2, on MIG welding of a 20 mm 10CrNi3MoV steel plate were studied. The nitrogen-containing shielding gas increased the nitrogen content in the weld metal, changed the solidification mode of deposited metal, reduced ferrite content, and significantly improved the low-temperature impact toughness. The weld's purity in the ternary inert gas atmosphere was high, which improved the low-temperature toughness. The ferrite content and strength of the ternary joint were higher than that of the binary joint.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Manu Srivastava, Sandeep Rathee, Ankit Tiwari, Mehul Dongre
Summary: Metal additive manufacturing (MAM) techniques, especially wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), have made significant advancements in the past decade and have become a promising method for producing metallic materials in industries such as aerospace, marine, and automotive. WAAM offers high deposition rates, low production time, and flexibility in part size, making it highly efficient and cost-effective. This review article thoroughly discusses various process parameters and optimization strategies to address challenges in WAAM, such as corrosion, residual stresses, cracks, spatter, deformations, delamination, oxidation, and porosity. The article also highlights current trends and future directions for WAAM research.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
K. Marumoto, H. Tamata, A. Fujinaga, T. Takahashi, H. Yamamoto, J. Choi, M. Yamamoto
Summary: In this study, the bead shape control and root penetration of fillet welding using hot-wire gas metal arc (GMA) laser hybrid welding technology were investigated. The results showed that hot-wire feeding prevented the occurrence of weld defects and obtained a sound bead shape. Additionally, the combination of hot-wire GMA and laser hybrid welding achieved sufficient root penetration at high welding speeds without defects.
WELDING IN THE WORLD
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Michal Urbanczyk, Janusz Adamiec
Summary: The article discusses the impact of hybrid-welding on butt joints made of steel S960QL, showing that hybrid welding can produce joints with favorable properties and meet the quality requirements of ISO standards.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Xiaochao Zhang, Hongming Gao, Zhiwei Li
Summary: A dynamic analytical model is proposed to analyze droplet resonance in gas metal arc welding and its impact on metal transfer. The model predictions are in reasonable agreement with experimental results, demonstrating its potential for precise control of metal transfer.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Sougata Roy, Bishal Silwal, Andrzej Nycz, Mark Noakes, Ercan Cakmak, Peeyush Nandwana, Yukinori Yamamoto
Summary: The study found that an argon mixture with 3% nitrogen gas showed the best performance in large-scale additive manufacturing of 410 martensitic stainless steel, with higher hardness and tensile strength. Tri-mix shielded samples exhibited lower tensile strength and wider scatter, with slightly higher porosity during printing.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Vinicius Lemes Jorge, Felipe Ribeiro Teixeira, Americo Scotti, Fernando Matos Scotti, Erwan Siewert
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of supplementary shielding gas on the process of building aluminum alloy thin walls using WAAM. The results show that supplementary shielding can improve the regularity of metal transfer, enhance surface cleanliness, increase the shine of the top layer, and slightly increase microhardness. However, it does not affect porosity, wall geometry, and microstructure. Supplementary shielding also does not alter the performance of different shielding gases.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Sipei Zhao, Xiaojun Qiu, Ian Burnett, Malcolm Rigby, Anthony Lele
Summary: This study investigates the sound generation in Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) and proposes a lumped-parameter model to predict the sound signals. The research finds that the sound generation is related to the energy release during the arc re-ignition process.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Optics
Zhi-Huan Pang, Meng Liu, Ai-Ping Luo, Yi Xu, Wen-Cheng Xu, Songnian Fu, Zhi-Chao Luo
Summary: We propose a novel mode-dependent gain equalizer using a few-mode chirped fiber Bragg grating (FM-CFBG) to effectively mitigate the mode-dependent gain in an all-fiber 2-mode EDFA. The equalizer based on FM-CFBG offers compact size, low insertion loss, and wavelength scalability, making it meaningful for long-haul MDM transmission.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Yiwei Qiu, Chenliang Ding, Gangyao Zhan, Mengdi Luo, Jisen Wen, Mengbo Tang, Chun Cao, Wenjie Liu, Liang Xu, Bihu Lv, Dazhao Zhu, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu
Summary: This article proposes a novel method to simultaneously reduce the axial and lateral feature sizes of PPI-DLW. By employing a pseudo 3D hollow focus, a suspended nanowire with an isotropic 30-nm feature size was realized, thereby improving the capabilities of PPI-DLW for fabricating arbitrary 3D structures.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Manzhuo Wang, Jianbo Yue, Zhentao Yao, Tingyu Liu, Xiaoqiang Sun, Yuanda Wu, Daming Zhang
Summary: A silica waveguide 1×8 thermo-optic switch consisting of cascaded three-stage Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) is successfully demonstrated. The switch utilizes a multimode interference (MMI) coupler in the MMI-MZI 1×2 switch unit for its wavelength insensitivity and favorable fabrication tolerance. The switch design and optimization is based on the beam propagation method (BPM) and implemented using standard CMOS technologies. Experimental results show that the switch meets the requirements for insertion loss and crosstalk at 1550 nm wavelength, and also performs well in a wide wavelength range.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
H. M. de la Cruz, E. D. Hernandez-Campos, E. Ortiz-Ricardo, A. Martinez-Borquez, I. Rosas-Roman, V. Contreras, G. Ramos-Ortiz, B. Mendoza-Santoyo, Cecilia I. Zurita-Lopez, R. Castro-Beltran
Summary: Acoustic levitation is an important contactless manipulation technique in various fields. This study presents an affordable phased-array levitator that can stably trap micrometer dye-doped droplets in the air, enabling the creation of microlasers. The levitated microlasers exhibit comparable optical lasing features to On-a-Chip devices, with a maximum Q-factor of approximately 105 and a minimum lasing threshold of approximately 150 nJ cm-2.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Yuqi Wang, Zilong Zhang, Suyi Zhao, Wei He, Xiaotian Li, Xin Wang, Yuchen Jie, Changming Zhao
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of localized defects in SLM devices on structured light generation and demonstrates the reconstructed light field results under different defect states using CGH loaded onto the DMD. The results show that central defects have minimal influence on the reconstructed light field, while edge defects have a significant impact. This study expands the application scenarios for the generation of structured light beams with SLM.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Ashraf A. A. Beshr, Hossam El-Din Fawzy, Ehab A. A. Eldin, Jong Wan Hu, Fathi A. Abdelmgeed
Summary: This paper introduces the application of digital measuring techniques, specifically Digital Close Range Photogrammetry (DCRP), in the detection of deformation in post-tensioned structural elements (PTSEs). The use of digital equipment and a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) allows for highly accurate monitoring of PTSE camber, with deviations not exceeding 0.01 mm.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Shihao Gou, Danping Huang, Shipeng Liao, Fan Luo, Yang Yuan, Liang Liu, Xiaomei Wen
Summary: This paper proposes an online intelligent detection method for cable pitch defects in the field of optical cable manufacturing. The method utilizes a multi-sensor fusion image acquisition platform and deep learning technology to achieve accurate detection of pitch defects in optical cables.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Tun-Yao Hung, David W. U. Chan, Ching-Wei Peng, Chi-Wai Chow, Hon Ki Tsang
Summary: We present the first experimental demonstration of a high-capacity short-reach optical communication link which utilizes LSTM and DNN to achieve 300 Gbit/s 8-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM8) generated by a single microring modulator. The experimental results show that 300 Gbit/s and 270 Gbit/s PAM8 modulation can be achieved at back-to-back and after 1 km transmission respectively.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Long Zhang, Li Pei, Jianshuai Wang, Jingjing Zheng, Kaihua Hu, Zhiqi Li, Tigang Ning, Jing Li, Li Zhong, Ruisi He
Summary: The amplification of long-haul mode division multiplexing (MDM) transmission systems is currently achieved through three steps, which can result in complexity and degraded transmission performance. To address this issue, this paper proposes an in-line few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier (FM-EDFA) based on cladding pumping, which enables simultaneous amplification and transmission in MDM systems. Experimental results demonstrate that the in-line FM-EDFA has excellent performance and shows great potential for practical long-haul transmission systems.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Chong Wang, Miaomiao Li, Jiahao Yang, Bingli Zhu, Jianghao Han, Wenbin Dang
Summary: This paper introduces the design of drive circuits using step recovery diodes and RF bipolar transistors to produce narrow pulse lasers, achieving the reduction of system size, power consumption and cost.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Ziqian Zhang, Liangyu Zhao, Chaorun Si, Yang Tian, Shilin Xu
Summary: A Hastelloy C276 coating was prepared on a martensitic stainless-steel substrate using laser melting deposition, resulting in a coating with high resistance to cavitation erosion. The coating exhibited a thick, progressively changing grain morphology from bottom to top, and the grains grew in a specific angle to the substrate plane. A compositional mixing zone was formed at the interface, forming a stable metallurgical bond. The coating showed a significantly improved hardness and enhanced resistance to cavitation erosion compared to the substrate.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Cui-Hong Li, Chao-Xiong He, Yuan-Yuan Ma, Jin-Chuan Wang, Ying Dong, Shao-Chong Zhu, Xiao-Wen Gao, Hui-Zhu Hu
Summary: In this paper, a non-contact optical measuring method for characterizing nanoparticles using optical tweezers is presented. The method relies on the optical polarization and scattering of nanoparticles, providing insights into both shape and size parameters. Experimental results show that the method can accurately measure the shape and size of nanoparticles, making it an effective tool for identifying and studying individual nanoparticles.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Magdalena Zieba, Cuma Tyszkiewicz, Katarzyna Wojtasik, Krystian Pavlov, Pawel Chaber, Ewa Gondek, Jacek Niziol, Roman Rogozinski, Pawel Kielan, Pawel Karasinski
Summary: This work presents a study on low-loss waveguide layers for planar evanescent wave sensor applications. Crack-free SiOx:TiOy composite layers with refractive indices of approximately 1.65 were fabricated using a sol-gel method and dip-coating technique. The fabricated layers exhibited good waveguide properties and optical homogeneity.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Yali He, Jiao Tang, Zhongyang Li, Yaowu Hu
Summary: In this paper, a lithography-free broadband absorbing metasurface consisting of Ag nanoparticles with ultrafine nanogaps is demonstrated. The experimental results and numerical simulations show that the horizontally compressed Ag nanoparticles possess smaller nanogaps for high sensitivity, uniformity, and stability. The novel substrate also exhibits insensitivity to the incident or observation angle in an ambient environment and has promising practical applications.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Linqing Li, Chengwei Yang, Zhuo Wang, Kun Xiao, Rui Min
Summary: In this study, a stretchable polymer optical fiber with a sandwich structure was proposed for sleep monitoring. The fiber improved the pressure sensitivity of the mattress and enabled the measurement of respiratory rate, heart rate, and body motion information.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)