Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rosalind Baynham, Jet J. C. S. Veldhuijzen van Zanten, Paul W. Johns, Quang S. Pham, Catarina Rendeiro
Summary: The study shows that cocoa flavanols can counteract mental stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and improve peripheral blood flow during stress, suggesting that flavanol-rich dietary strategies can help protect vascular health during stress.
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Morimasa Kato, Mayuko Omiya, Makino Horiuchi, Daisuke Kurata
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-oleic peanuts on prolonged exercise and endurance performance. The results showed that ingestion of 30 g of high-oleic peanuts increased lipid levels and improved workload in the endurance performance test compared to the control condition. Additionally, the rate of increase in oxidative stress biomarker was lower in the high-oleic peanut-ingested condition. These findings suggest that high-oleic peanuts can enhance endurance exercise performance.
EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisa Martino, Amalia Luce, Anna Balestrieri, Luigi Mele, Camilla Anastasio, Nunzia D'Onofrio, Maria Luisa Balestrieri, Giuseppe Campanile
Summary: Endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), leading to cardiovascular complications. Whey (WH), a dairy by-product with a considerable content of bioactive compounds, showed protective effects on human endothelial cell function under diabetic conditions mimicked in vitro.
Article
Cell Biology
Ziad S. Mahmassani, Alec I. McKenzie, Jonathan J. Petrocelli, Naomi M. de Hart, Paul T. Reidy, Dennis K. Fix, Patrick J. Ferrara, Katsuhiko Funai, Micah J. Drummond
Summary: The study found that 2 weeks of metformin ingestion had persistent effects on aged muscle progenitor cells (MPCs), improving their function in vitro and altering their transcriptional signature, including histone and chromatin remodeling. However, metformin ingestion exacerbated pathways related to inflammation signaling.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Grant Greaves, Richard Xiang, Hossein Rafiei, Adeeb Malas, Jonathan P. Little
Summary: The study showed that acute ketone monoester supplementation taken 15 minutes before a mixed meal can lower postprandial glucose and NEFA levels without significantly impacting postprandial insulin release or gastric emptying. The glucose- and NEFA-lowering effects of ketone monoester supplementation do not appear to be mediated by changes in insulin release or gastric emptying. Further research is needed to explore the potential benefits of KME supplementation for individuals with impaired glycemic control.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tays Amanda Felisberto Goncalves, Viviane Silva Lima, Arthur Jose Pontes Oliveira de Almeida, Alinne Villar de Arruda, Ana Caroline Meneses Ferreira Veras, Thais Trajano Lima, Evyllen Myllena Cardoso Soares, Adhonias Correia dos Santos, Maria Eduarda Costa de Vasconcelos, Mathania Silva de Almeida Feitosa, Robson Cavalcante Veras, Isac Almeida de Medeiros
Summary: This study demonstrated the regulatory effects of carvacrol on endothelial repair in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Results showed that carvacrol promoted the migration and proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells, increased eNOS expression and activity, reduced reactive oxygen species production and cellular senescence, and improved vascular function.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Max L. Eckstein, Antonia Brockfeld, Sandra Haupt, Janis R. Schierbauer, Rebecca T. Zimmer, Nadine Wachsmuth, Beate Zunner, Paul Zimmermann, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch, Othmar Moser
Summary: The study found that fructose led to lower peak blood glucose levels compared to glucose and glucose and fructose supplementation, with no significant difference between glucose and glucose and fructose supplementation in terms of peak values. Additionally, all conditions resulted in significantly higher peak blood glucose values compared to sucralose.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guofang Shen, Shirley Hu, Zhen Zhao, Lubo Zhang, Qingyi Ma
Summary: CNP plays a vascular protective role in neonatal brain injury by reducing brain infarct size, decreasing brain edema and IgG extravasation, and protecting BMECs against oxygen-glucose deprivation. The vasculoprotective effect of CNP is mediated by its innate receptors NPR2 and NPR3, indicating a potential therapeutic target for neonatal brain injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Elise Lander, Bente Kirkhus, Diana Lindberg, Truls Raastad
Summary: This study investigated the aminoacidemia after ingestion of a poultry protein hydrolysate (PPH) and whey protein in healthy young and old participants. Protein-drinks were also digested using an in vitro digestion model to simulate gastrointestinal changes in young and old adults. The results showed that PPH is rapidly digested and absorbed due to the hydrolysis into short peptide chains, and that healthy elderly have similar absorption as younger individuals.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Eleni Frangos, Marta Ceko, Binquan Wang, Emily A. Richards, John L. Gracely, Luana Colloca, Petra Schweinhardt, M. Catherine Bushnell
Summary: The study investigated the differences in behavioral and neural responses to placebo analgesia between fibromyalgia patients and healthy controls. The results showed that there were no significant differences in pain relief and neural responses between the two groups, suggesting that placebo analgesia can occur in both populations without the involvement of opioidergic prefrontal modulatory networks.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kieran Smith, Guy S. Taylor, Dean M. Allerton, Lise Hoej Brunsgaard, Kelly A. Bowden Davies, Emma J. Stevenson, Daniel J. West
Summary: The study demonstrated that pre-meal ingestion of a small dose of whey protein reduced postprandial glycemia in both lean and centrally obese males, accompanied by an increase in GLP-1 and delayed gastric emptying. However, centrally obese individuals showed a decreased GLP-1 response to the whey protein, which may impact the efficacy of using GLP-1 to regulate blood sugar in this population.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Monica Volino-Souza, Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira, Carlos Adam Conte-Junior, Arturo Figueroa, Thiago Silveira Alvares
Summary: L-arginine is crucial for nitric oxide synthesis and supplementation with its precursor L-citrulline, found in watermelon, can improve vascular function. However, there are differing findings on the effect of watermelon supplementation, possibly due to varying L-citrulline doses. Food technology can be applied to concentrate L-citrulline content and reduce volume for convenient ingestion. Watermelon-derived L-citrulline appears to be an effective supplementation for improving vascular health.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haiying Zhang, Hyeok Kim, Bong Woo Park, Minyoung Noh, Yeomyeong Kim, Jeongeun Park, Jae-Hyun Park, Jin-Ju Kim, Woo-Sup Sim, Kiwon Ban, Hun-Jun Park, Young-Guen Kwon
Summary: The drug CU06-1004 has shown potential in improving cardiac function by inhibiting CMEC hyperpermeability and reducing inflammation and infiltration in infarcted hearts. It enhances vascular integrity, reduces tissue damage, and provides a promising therapeutic option for preventing lethal myocardial I/R injury.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Rahul Khatri, Rajinder Gupta, Praveen Vats, Vishal Bansal, Anand Kumar Yadav, Prasanna K. Reddy, Abhishek Bharadwaj, Pooja Chaudhary, Shivani Sharma, Amir Chand Bajaj, Shashi Bala Singh, Rajeev Varshney
Summary: Subclinical lifestyle disease can lead to endothelial dysfunction, and elevated BNP levels are associated with fluid shift changes during acute hypoxia. This study measured vascular response and BNP levels during acute hypoxia in healthy individuals, and found that Group 2 showed decreased endothelial function compared to Group 1. Therefore, measuring pulmonary artery pressure and BNP levels can be used to screen for subclinical lifestyle disease in healthy population.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michael B. La Monica, Betsy Raub, Keeley Malone, Shelley Hartshorn, Jodi Grdic, Ashley Gustat, Jennifer Sandrock
Summary: This study examined the acute effects of oral methylliberine supplementation on cognitive function and well-being. The results showed that methylliberine improved concentration, motivation, mood, and well-being, with no significant effects on cognitive function.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Billie K. Alba, Anna E. Stanhewicz, Priyankar Dey, Richard S. Bruno, W. Larry Kenney, Lacy M. Alexander
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2020)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kristin M. Hirahatake, Richard S. Bruno, Bradley W. Bolling, Christopher Blesso, Lacy M. Alexander, Sean H. Adams
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2020)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katherine M. Ranard, Matthew J. Kuchan, Richard S. Bruno, Janice M. Juraska, John W. Erdman
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Megan M. Kemski, Chad A. Rappleye, Konrad Dabrowski, Richard S. Bruno, Macdonald Wick
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Haley Chatelaine, Priyankar Dey, Xiaokui Mo, Eunice Mah, Richard S. Bruno, Rachel E. Kopec
Summary: Individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) absorb less vitamin E compared to healthy controls. This study found that MetS subjects have significantly higher absorption of vitamin A, while the absorption of vitamin D-2 is less affected by MetS status. The association between phospholipids and vitamin A suggests that enzymes may play a role in the higher bioavailability of vitamin A in MetS subjects.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Geoffrey Y. Sasaki, Jinhui Li, Morgan J. Cichon, Rachel E. Kopec, Richard S. Bruno
Summary: The study shows that catechin-rich green tea extract (GTE) limits inflammation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) through a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent mechanism. GTE supplementation during NASH shifts the hepatic metabolome similarly to the loss-of-TLR4 signaling. However, the effects of GTE on hepatic metabolism are distinct from those of loss-of-TLR4 signaling, suggesting different mechanisms for the anti-inflammatory activities of GTE and loss-of-TLR4 signaling in abrogating NASH.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Richard S. Bruno, Andrew P. Neilson, Joshua D. Lambert, Naima Moustaid-Moussa
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Li Chen, Shiqi Zhang, Xiaowei Sun, Joshua D. McDonald, Richard S. Bruno, Jiangjiang Zhu
Summary: This study investigated the differential plasma lipidomic responses to non-fat or full-fat milk ingestion during postprandial hyperglycemia and found that dairy milk, especially non-fat milk, protected against lipid changes induced by glucose ingestion. Co-ingestion of dairy milk with glucose significantly altered lipid profiles, with full-fat milk more substantially modulating lipid profiles, suggesting dairy milk-mediated lipid modulation may be an effective dietary approach to reduce the risk of metabolic diseases among those with prediabetes.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew T. Goodus, Kaitlin E. Carson, Andrew D. Sauerbeck, Priyankar Dey, Anthony N. Alfredo, Phillip G. Popovich, Richard S. Bruno, Dana M. McTigue
Summary: The study demonstrates that liver inflammation combined with spinal cord injury exacerbates intraspinal pathologies, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and impairs locomotor recovery. Liver-derived protein Fetuin-A may act as a potential neuropathological mediator.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Richard S. Bruno, Avinash Pokala, Moises Torres-Gonzalez, Christopher N. Blesso
Summary: This article discusses the impact of full-fat dairy consumption on cardiometabolic health, highlighting that full-fat dairy products reduce cardiometabolic risk by improving gut health, reducing inflammation, and managing dyslipidemia.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sisi Cao, Emily L. Shaw, William R. Quarles, Geoffrey Y. Sasaki, Priyankar Dey, Joanna K. Hodges, Avinash Pokala, Min Zeng, Richard S. Bruno
Summary: Including potatoes, which are rich in resistant starch, in a dietary pattern based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) can improve cardiometabolic and gut health in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Short-term consumption of a DGA-based diet reduces cardiometabolic risk, and the addition of resistant starch-containing potatoes to a healthy diet reduces small intestinal permeability and postprandial endotoxemia.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Li Chen, Rui Xu, Joshua D. McDonald, Richard S. Bruno, Fouad Choueiry, Jiangjiang Zhu
Summary: This study found that whey protein has an earlier and stronger impact in maintaining the stability of the lipidome compared to casein protein. Whey can protect against glucose-induced changes in glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism, while ether lipid metabolism and SP metabolism are the pathways most greatly impacted by casein.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaowei Sun, Priyankar Dey, Jiangjiang Zhu, Richard S. Bruno
Summary: This study investigated the unique contributions of green tea extract (GTE) and its catechin components to the regulation of gut microbial and host metabolic pathways. The findings suggest that GTE and its distinct bioactive components have differential benefits on gut microbial metabolism, central energy metabolism, and protection against metabolic dysfunction leading to obesity.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Heng-Yi Chen, Ana Almonte-Loya, Fang-Yun Lay, Michael Hsu, Eric Johnson, Edahi Gonzalez-Avalos, Jieyun Yin, Richard S. Bruno, Qin Ma, Hazem E. Ghoneim, Daniel J. Wozniak, Fiona E. Harrison, Chan-Wang Jerry Lio
Summary: Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient that enhances antibody response by promoting plasma cell differentiation through IL-21/STAT3 signaling pathway. As a cofactor for epigenetic enzymes, it facilitates DNA modification and demethylation, thereby influencing gene expression and cell fate decisions in the immune system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Geoffrey Y. Y. Sasaki, Yael Vodovotz, Zhongtang Yu, Richard S. S. Bruno
Summary: Obesity decreases the bioavailability of catechins, but does not affect valerolactone generation and urinary elimination of catechins. The composition of gut microbiota is altered in obese individuals. The levels of ascorbic acid and gut microbiota diversity are correlated with the bioavailability of catechins.