Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jarle Berge, Joran Hjelmesaeth, Jens K. Hertel, Espen Gjevestad, Milada Cvancarova Smastuen, Line Kristin Johnson, Catia Martins, Eivind Andersen, Jan Helgerud, Oyvind Storen
Summary: This study compared the effects of two aerobic exercise programs of different intensities on energy expenditure in patients with severe obesity. The results showed that patients completing a 24-week combined HIIT/MICT program did not achieve a higher energy expenditure compared with those who completed a 24-week MICT program, but the HIIT/MICT group experienced a significantly larger increase in energy expenditure in the 8- to 16-week period compared to the MICT group.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maurizio Marra, Rosa Sammarco, Iolanda Cioffi, Delia Morlino, Olivia Di Vincenzo, Enza Speranza, Fabrizio Pasanisi
Summary: The study developed and validated new predictive equations for estimating resting energy expenditure in subjects with normal weight and overweight, incorporating raw variables from bioimpedance analysis. The new equations showed good accuracy at both the group and individual levels, with a slight improvement in individual accuracy for the formula including raw BIA variables.
Article
Sport Sciences
Raul Freire, Glauber R. Pereira, Juan M. A. Alcantara, Ruan Santos, Matheus Hausen, Alex Itaborahy
Summary: The present study aims to assess the agreement between measured resting metabolic rate and different predictive equations, and propose new equations for estimating the rate in high-level athletes. The new equations showed good agreement and accuracy, with Cunningham's equation being the best option among the existing equations.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ulf H. Beier, Daniel J. Baker, Joseph A. Baur
Summary: Obesity is a widespread public health problem with significant medical consequences. Conventional treatment options are limited, but engineering T cells to acquire a brown fat-like metabolism could be a potential novel therapeutic approach.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jessica McNeil
Summary: The purpose of this review is to summarize the longitudinal changes in energy balance components in cancer survivors post-diagnosis, and it is found that energy expenditure decreases during treatment while energy intake varies. This information can assist in developing weight management interventions for cancer survivors.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
B. D. Nicholson, J. L. Oke, P. Aveyard, W. T. Hamilton, F. D. R. Hobbs
Summary: Combining pairs of abnormal inflammatory markers in scores can predict cancer risk, but individual abnormalities are also sufficient to trigger further cancer investigation. Using scores with pairs of abnormal inflammatory markers may reduce false positives, but may lead to fewer cancer diagnoses overall.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elina Akalestou, Alexander D. Miras, Guy A. Rutter, Carel W. le Roux
Summary: Obesity surgery is the most effective treatment for obesity and its complications, and mechanisms related to weight loss include central appetite control, release of gut peptides, change in microbiota, and bile acids. However, the exact combination and timing of signals remain largely unknown.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aoife M. Egan, Adam L. Collins
Summary: The observation of high rates of overweight and obesity in English adults despite increasing weight-loss attempts indicates a flaw in our understanding of energy balance. Static models overestimate weight-loss and ignore dynamic changes in energy expenditure, resulting in insufficient weight loss and weight plateaus.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nuno Casanova, Kristine Beaulieu, Pauline Oustric, Dominic O'Connor, Catherine Gibbons, John Edward Blundell, Graham S. Finlayson, Mark E. Hopkins
Summary: This secondary analysis examined the influence of changes in physical activity (PA), sedentary time and energy expenditure (EE) during dietary energy restriction on weight loss rate (WL) and 1-year weight change in women with overweight/obesity. The findings highlight that changes in sedentary time and PA during energy restriction were associated with the rate of weight loss, and changes in PA between post-WL and follow-up were associated with 1-year weight change.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Billy Langlet, Fannie Vestermark, Josefin Stolt, Modjtaba Zandian, Per Sodersten, Cecilia Bergh
Summary: Individuals with Anorexia Nervosa are often described as restless, hyperactive and having disturbed sleep. The study aimed to quantify the physical activity and sleep behavior of anorexia nervosa patients and to increase result reproducibility and generalisability. Most patients spent most of their time inactive at the beginning of treatment and failed to meet sleep recommendations.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eunbyul Yeom, Kweon Yu
Summary: Cancer cachexia syndrome, characterized by nutritional impairment, weakness, and wasting, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in advanced-stage cancer patients. Anorexia and weight loss are the two major symptoms of cancer cachexia, which are regulated by independent molecular mechanisms. In this review, the authors highlight their recent discovery of a new anorexia mechanism and the process through which anorexia precedes tissue wasting in cachexia.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Luzia Jaeger Hintze, Gary Goldfield, Ryan Seguin, Aleck Damphousse, Alexandre Riopel, Eric Doucet
Summary: The study found significant changes in resting energy expenditure and appetite in women living with overweight/obesity after 1 week of caloric restriction, but these early changes do not seem to predict final body weight or fat mass losses at the end of the program.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Faidon Magkos, Mads F. Hjorth, Sarah Asping, Maria Rosenkrans, Sidse Rasmussen, Christian Ritz, Anders Sjodin, Nina R. W. Geiker
Summary: This study compared the effects of very-low-calorie diets with different protein content on lean mass and resting metabolic rate in overweight and obese individuals. The results showed that increasing protein content did not mitigate reductions in lean mass and resting metabolic rate during weight loss, indicating that the proposed protein increase may not be effective for weight maintenance in this population.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
D. C. D. Hope, T. M-M Tan
Summary: Glucagon receptor (GCGR)-targeted multi-agonists are being developed for the treatment of obesity and metabolic disease. Their weight loss and metabolic properties are attributed to increased energy expenditure and hepatic lipid metabolism. The precise contribution and mechanism of GCGR activity to enhanced energy expenditure and weight loss in both rodents and humans is not fully understood.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Silvia Catanese, Carl Friedrich Beuchel, Teresa Sawall, Florian Lordick, Rommy Brauer, Markus Scholz, Uta Ceglarek, Ulrich T. Hacker
Summary: Cancer patients undergoing systemic treatment showed significant alterations in amino acid levels and acylcarnitine patterns, which could be predictive for weight loss. Baseline acylcarnitine analysis was valuable in studying energy metabolism related to cancer cachexia. Pathway analyses indicated the involvement of serine/glycine and tryptophan pathways in this condition.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sarah Maria Barneze Costa, Raghavendra Lakshmana Shetty Hallur, David Rafael Abreu Reyes Postdoc, Juliana Ferreira Floriano Postdoc, Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite Carvalhaes, Helio Rubens de Carvalho Nunes, Luis Sobrevia, Paola Valero, Angelica Mercia Pascon Barbosa, Marilza Cunha Vieira Rudge
Summary: This study aimed to assess maternal dietary intake patterns, anthropometric measures, and biochemical markers in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence. The results showed that pregnant women in the gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence group had higher body mass index, arm circumference, and triceps skinfold than the other groups, indicating an obesogenic maternal environment. Significant differences in dietary food intake were also observed. The study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive strategy for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence to address obesity and micronutrient deficiencies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aikaterina Vasileiou, Dominique Searle, Sofus C. Larsen, Faidon Magkos, Graham Horgan, R. James Stubbs, Ines Santos, Antonio L. Palmeira, Berit L. Heitmann
Summary: The study compared self-reported total energy intake with total energy expenditure estimated from Fitbit Charge 2 algorithms. The results showed that self-reported energy intake was generally lower than energy expenditure, and the degree of underestimation varied among different populations.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ziya Erokay Metin, Ozge Mengi Celik, Nevra Koc
Summary: This study demonstrates a significant relationship between climate change awareness and sustainable and healthy eating behaviors as well as adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carolline Santos Miranda, Flavia Maria Silva-Veiga, Daiana Araujo Santana-Oliveira, Isabela Macedo Lopes Vasques-Monteiro, Julio Beltrame Daleprane, Vanessa Souza-Mello
Summary: This study investigates the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activation on thermogenic pathways and mitochondrial metabolism in mouse adipose tissue. The results show that activation of PPARa and dual PPARa/y can reduce body mass, mitigate insulin resistance, and induce browning in white adipose tissue. Preserved mitochondrial metabolism emerges as a potential target for obesity treatment using PPAR agonists, with possible clinical applications.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qi Ren, Hao-Fan Wu, Ding-Ye Yu, Feng-Min Zhang, Zi-Le Shen, Guo-Wei Huang, Feng Lin, Wei-Zhe Chen, Zhen Yu
Summary: The study aimed to develop a nomogram incorporating preoperative factors for predicting low skeletal muscle mass index and low skeletal muscle radiodensity. The models were calibrated and assessed for their predictive ability using training and validation cohorts, and the clinical usefulness was evaluated using decision curve analysis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ruben Castillo-Ortega, Juan Vega-Vargas, Samuel Duran-Aguero
Summary: This study found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with type 1 diabetes experienced decreased adherence to diabetes care, leading to an increase in HbA1c levels, BMI, impaired linear growth, and more hospitalizations. The shift to telemedicine as the main healthcare service also had significant effects on diabetes management.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yi-Hsiu Chen, Jung-An Lin, Jiun-Rong Chen, Ya-Ling Chen, Suh-Ching Yang
Summary: Regular nutrition consultations have been shown to have significant effects on reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors, especially for individuals with obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jacinta Winderlich, Bridget Little, Felix Oberender, Tessa Bollard, Tamara Farrell, Samantha Jenkins, Emma Landorf, Andrea McCall, Jessica Menzies, Katie O. ' Brien, Carla Rowe, Kirsten Sim, Melanie van der Wilk, Jemma Woodgate, Eldho Paul, Andrew A. Udy, Emma J. Ridley
Summary: The study aims to describe nutrition provision in Australian and New Zealand pediatric intensive care units, assess the adequacy of enteral nutrition, and evaluate the methods for estimating energy and protein requirements.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xi Zhang, Jia-Xin Huang, Meng Tang, Qi Zhang, Li Deng, Chun-Hua Song, Wei Li, Han-Ping Shi, Ming-Hua Cong
Summary: The study found that the modified Controlling Nutritional Status system, which includes C-reactive protein as an inflammatory parameter, is more accurate than the traditional system in predicting the survival of patients with cancer cachexia. High Controlling Nutritional Status and modified Controlling Nutritional Status are both independent risk factors for survival and have a negative impact on survival in patients with advanced-stage cancers, such as esophagogastric and colorectal cancer.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Karolien Dams, Gregory R. A. De Meyer, Rita Jacobs, Tom Schepens, Stany Perkisas, Greta Moorkens, Philippe Jorens
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the development of muscle atrophy in COVID-19 intensive care unit patients and its relationship with hospital outcomes. The results showed that the difference in muscle thickness was linked to the outcome, with the best survival observed in the group with stable muscle thickness.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bruna Clemente Cota, Mariana de Santis Filgueiras, Patricia Feliciano Pereira, Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol, Juliana Farias de Novaes
Summary: This study found that higher consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) and a diet consisting of high proinflammatory foods were associated with the normal-weight obesity (NWO) phenotype in children.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Victor Nogueira da Cruz Silveira, Cleber Lopes Campelo, Antonio Luis Rodrigues da Costa, Patricia Maria Abreu Machado, Ana Karina Teixeira da Cunha Franca, Alcione Miranda dos Santos
Summary: This psychometric study proposed a scale for estimating the consumption of ultra processed foods using item response theory. The study used data from a representative sample of 2515 adolescents aged 18 and 19 from Brazilian Birth Cohorts Consortium. The findings demonstrated that the proposed scale can accurately estimate the consumption of ultra processed foods and is correlated with latent traits related to food consumption.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dehao Yang, Jiaqi Huang, Jingyu Hu, Minyue Zhang, Haobo Xie, Yilin Chen, Yining Jin, Zerui Jiang, Yanchu Wang, Jinrong Zhu, Xin Lu, Siqi Chen, Yiyun Weng, Guangyong Chen
Summary: This study investigates the association between malnutrition and 6-month outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients with or without intravenous thrombolysis. The results show a significant association between malnutrition and poor functional outcome.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ainoa Cristina de Oliveira Candido, Felipe Silva Neves, Vanessa Sequeira Fontes, Adriana Soares Torres Melo, Eliane Rodrigues de Faria, Michele Pereira Netto, Renata Maria Souza Oliveira, George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho, Ana Paula Carlos Candido
Summary: This study investigated the frequency of breakfast consumption and its associations with the consumption of food at different degrees of industrial processing and with overweight indicators in Brazilian adolescents. The results showed that 20% of adolescents skipped breakfast and 46% of their caloric intake came from ultra-processed foods. Skipping breakfast was associated with increased consumption of ultra-processed foods, higher BMI-for-age, and higher body fat percentage.