4.4 Article

Performance of the Medipix and Timepix devices for the recognition of electron-gamma radiation fields

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ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2010.12.114

Keywords

Medipix; Mistagging; Compton; Detection efficiency; Timepix

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The Medipix device is a silicon pixelated detector designed by CERN for the detection of different types of radiation. The detector response features can be exploited to identify different types of particles: heavy charged particles, mips, electrons or photons. However, while heavily ionizing charged particles are clearly recognizable, electrons and photons can hardly be distinguished from each other and thus, mistagging of radiation quanta has to be considered. Experiments were performed to quantify the mistag rate in different experimental situations. A GEANT4 simulation of the detector and the experimental setup was used to further understand the results. The detection efficiency for photons was studied and the advantages of using a Timepix device highlighted. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Potamianos, I. N. Potrap, C. J. Potter, C. T. Potter, G. Poulard, J. Poveda, V. Pozdnyakov, P. Pralavorio, A. Pranko, S. Prasad, S. Prell, D. Price, L. E. Price, M. Primavera, S. Prince, M. Proissl, K. Prokofiev, F. Prokoshin, E. Protopapadaki, S. Protopopescu, J. Proudfoot, M. Przybycien, E. Ptacek, D. Puddu, E. Pueschel, D. Puldon, M. Purohit, P. Puzo, J. Qian, G. Qin, Y. Qin, A. Quadt, D. R. Quarrie, W. B. Quayle, M. Queitsch-Maitland, D. Quilty, S. Raddum, V. Radeka, V. Radescu, S. K. Radhakrishnan, P. Radloff, P. Rados, F. Ragusa, G. Rahal, S. Rajagopalan, M. Rammensee, C. Rangel-Smith, F. Rauscher, S. Rave, T. Ravenscroft, M. Raymond, A. L. Read, N. P. Readioff, D. M. Rebuzzi, A. Redelbach, G. Redlinger, R. Reece, K. Reeves, L. Rehnisch, J. Reichert, H. Reisin, M. Relich, C. Rembser, H. Ren, A. Renaud, M. Rescigno, S. Resconi, O. L. Rezanova, P. Reznicek, R. Rezvani, R. Richter, S. Richter, E. Richter-Was, O. Ricken, M. Ridel, P. Rieck, C. J. Riegel, J. Rieger, O. Rifki, M. Rijssenbeek, A. Rimoldi, L. Rinaldi, B. Ristic, E. Ritsch, I. Riu, F. Rizatdinova, E. Rizvi, S. H. Robertson, A. Robichaud-Veronneau, D. Robinson, J. E. M. Robinson, A. Robson, C. Roda, S. Roe, O. Rohne, S. Rolli, A. Romaniouk, M. Romano, S. M. Romano Saez, E. Romero Adam, N. Rompotis, M. Ronzani, L. Roos, E. Ros, S. Rosati, K. Rosbach, P. Rose, P. L. Rosendahl, O. Rosenthal, V. Rossetti, E. Rossi, L. P. Rossi, J. H. N. Rosten, R. Rosten, M. Rotaru, I. Roth, J. Rothberg, D. Rousseau, C. R. Royon, A. Rozanov, Y. Rozen, X. Ruan, F. Rubbo, I. Rubinskiy, V. I. Rud, C. Rudolph, M. S. Rudolph, F. Ruhr, A. Ruiz-Martinez, Z. Rurikova, N. A. Rusakovich, A. Ruschke, H. L. Russell, J. P. Rutherfoord, N. Ruthmann, Y. F. Ryabov, M. Rybar, G. Rybkin, N. C. Ryder, A. F. Saavedra, G. Sabato, S. Sacerdoti, A. Saddique, H. F. W. Sadrozinski, R. Sadykov, F. Safai Tehrania, M. Sahinsoy, M. Saimpert, T. Saito, H. Sakamoto, Y. Sakurai, G. Salamanna, A. Salamon, J. E. Salazar Loyolab, M. Saleem, D. Salek, P. H. Sales De Bruin, D. Salihagic, A. Salnikov, J. Salt, D. Salvatore, F. Salvatore, A. Salvucci, A. Salzburger, D. Sammel, D. Sampsonidis, A. Sanchez, J. Sanchez, V. Sanchez Martinez, H. Sandaker, R. L. Sandbach, H. G. Sander, M. P. Sanders, M. Sandhoff, C. Sandoval, R. Sandstroem, D. P. C. Sankey, M. Sannino, A. Sansoni, C. Santoni, R. Santonico, H. Santos, I. Santoyo Castillo, K. Sapp, A. Sapronov, J. G. Saraiva, B. Sarrazin, O. Sasaki, Y. Sasaki, K. Sato, G. Sauvage, E. Sauvan, G. Savage, P. Savard, C. Sawyer, L. Sawyer, J. Saxon, C. Sbarra, A. Sbrizzi, T. Scanlon, D. A. Scannicchio, M. Scarcella, V. Scarfone, J. Schaarschmidt, P. Schacht, D. Schaefer, R. Schaefer, J. Schaeffer, S. Schaepe, S. Schaetzel, U. Schafer, A. C. Schaffer, D. Schaile, R. D. Schamberger, V. Scharf, V. A. Schegelsky, D. Scheirich, M. Schernau, C. Schiavi, C. Schillo, M. Schioppa, S. Schlenker, K. Schmieden, C. Schmitt, S. Schmitt, S. Schmitt, B. Schneider, Y. J. Schnellbach, U. Schnoor, L. Schoeffel, A. Schoening, B. D. Schoenrock, E. Schopf, A. L. S. Schorlemmer, M. Schott, D. Schouten, J. Schovancova, S. Schramm, M. Schreyer, C. Schroeder, N. Schuh, M. J. Schultens, H. C. Schultz-Coulon, H. Schulz, M. Schumacher, B. A. Schumm, Ph. Schune, C. Schwanenberger, A. Schwartzman, T. A. Schwarz, Ph. Schwegler, H. Schweiger, Ph. Schwemling, R. Schwienhorst, J. Schwindling, T. Schwindt, F. G. Sciacca, E. Scifo, G. Sciolla, F. Scuri, F. Scutti, J. Searcy, G. Sedov, E. Sedykh, P. Seema, S. C. Seidel, A. Seiden, F. Seifert, J. M. Seixas, G. Sekhniaidze, K. Sekhon, S. J. Sekula, D. M. Seliverstov, N. Semprini-Cesari, C. Serfon, L. Serin, L. Serkin, T. Serre, M. Sessa, R. Seuster, H. Severini, T. Sfiligoj, F. Sforza, A. Sfyrla, E. Shabalina, M. Shamim, L. Y. Shan, R. Shang, J. T. Shank, M. Shapiro, P. B. Shatalov, K. Shaw, S. M. Shaw, A. Shcherbakova, C. Y. Shehu, P. Sherwood, L. Shi, S. Shimizu, C. O. Shimmin, M. Shimojima, M. Shiyakova, A. Shmeleva, D. Shoaleh Saadi, M. J. Shochet, S. Shojaii, S. Shrestha, E. Shulga, M. A. Shupe, S. Shushkevich, P. Sicho, P. E. Sidebo, O. Sidiropoulou, D. Sidorov, A. Sidoti, F. Siegert, Dj. Sijacki, J. Silva, Y. Silver, S. B. Silverstein, V. Simak, O. Simard, Lj. Simic, S. Simion, E. Simioni, B. Simmons, D. Simon, P. Sinervo, N. B. Sinev, M. Sioli, G. Siragusa, A. N. Sisakyan, S. Yu. Sivoklokov, J. Sjolin, T. B. Sjursen, M. B. Skinner, H. P. Skottowe, P. Skubic, M. Slater, T. Slavicek, M. Slawinska, K. Sliwa, V. Smakhtin, B. H. Smart, L. Smestad, S. Yu. Smirnov, Y. Smirnov, L. N. Smirnova, ,

EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C (2022)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

Comparison of measurement and simulation of ATLAS cavern radiation background

E. Heijne, T. Koi, C. Leroy, H. Oberlack, S. Pospisil, P. Sherwood, M. Shupe, J. Solc, M. Suk, H. Takai, D. Turecek, Z. Vykydal, Ch Young

Summary: This study utilized 16 MPX devices to continuously measure the spectral characteristics and composition of radiation fields in the ATLAS detector and cavern. The results were then compared with Monte Carlo simulations, showing satisfactory agreement in most cases.

JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION (2022)

Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Monte Carlo modelling of pixel clusters in Timepix detectors using the MCNP code

Jaroslav Solc, Jan Jakubek, Lukas Marek, Cristina Oancea, Jiri Pivec, Jana Smoldasova, Jiri Tesar, Zdenek Vykydal

Summary: The track structure of the signal measured by the semiconductor pixel detector Timepix3 was modeled in the Monte Carlo MCNP (R) code. The study developed a detailed model at the pixel-level and used it to generate and store clusters of adjacent hit pixels observed in the measured data. The method helps differentiate radiation components in mixed fields based on the detector's response to different particle types, energies, and incidence angles that cannot be measured separately.

PHYSICA MEDICA-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PHYSICS (2022)

Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Out-of-field measurements and simulations of a proton pencil beam in a wide range of dose rates using a Timepix3 detector: Dose rate, flux and LET

Cristina Oancea, Carlos Granja, Lukas Marek, Jan Jakubek, Jaroslav Solc, Elisabeth Bodenstein, Sebastian Gantz, Joerg Pawelke, Jiri Pivec

Summary: Stray radiation produced by ultra-high dose-rate proton pencil beams was characterized using ASIC-chip semiconductor pixel detectors. Measurements were made to analyze the energy deposition, particle flux, dose rate, and LET(Si) spectra. The results showed that the detectors had a high-resolution spectral tracking capability and could measure absorbed doses in a wide range.

PHYSICA MEDICA-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PHYSICS (2023)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

An improved hybrid photon detector based on a SiC Schottky diode

Jinlu Ruan, Liang Chen, Pengxiao Xu, Yapeng Zhang, Xue Du, Hongqiao Yin, Shiyi He, Fangbao Wang, Xun Zhang, Xiaoping Ouyang

Summary: A new SiC detector with a faster time response was developed to improve the temporal response of SiC-HPMTs. The improved SiC-HPMT showed significantly enhanced temporal response compared to the previous SiC-HPMT, and it can accurately measure the time information of fast pulsed radiation fields.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

The Phase-2 upgrade of the CMS outer tracker

Kevin Nash

Summary: This article discusses the need for extensive upgrades of the LHC detectors, particularly the Outer Tracker, due to the demanding conditions and radiation of the High Luminosity LHC scenario. The design choices, technological approaches, and R&D activities for the Outer Tracker Phase-2 upgrade are highlighted.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

The LHCb RICH upgrade for the high luminosity LHC era

S. A. Wotton

Summary: The hadron particle identification provided by LHCb's RICH system is crucial for the success of the experiment, and it will continue to play a significant role in Upgrade II. To maintain the current excellent particle identification performance, substantial improvements in the precision of measuring the space and time coordinates of detected photons in the RICH and in the resolution of the reconstructed Cherenkov angle are required.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

The Resistive Cylindrical Chamber

R. Cardarelli, A. Rocchi, G. Aielli, P. Camarri, A. Di Ciaccio, L. Di Stante, B. Liberti, E. Pastori, L. Pizzimento, G. Proto

Summary: The Resistive Cylindrical Chamber (RCC) is a new generation of gaseous particle detectors that overcome the limitations of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) and expand their application range. By transitioning from planar to cylindrical geometry, while maintaining an almost planar electric field, the RCC achieves improved detection efficiency, increased gas pressure, and the possibility of using eco-friendly gases.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

An aerogel RICH detector for the next generation heavy-ion experiment at LHC

Giacomo Volpe

Summary: The ALICE collaboration is proposing a new apparatus, ALICE 3, to investigate the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) properties. In this context, conceptual studies for the development of a RICH detector for ALICE 3 are ongoing. The proposed baseline layout is a proximity-focusing RICH, using aerogel as Cherenkov radiator and Silicon Photomultipliers for photon detection. The detector specifications and performance obtained by Monte Carlo simulation are presented, along with the R&D challenges related to the design.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

A practical method of evaluating work functions

M. G. Mazarakis, E. Jongewaard, J. Ellsworth

Summary: This report presents experimental data and a step-by-step technique for evaluating the work functions of thermionic cathodes. The experiments were conducted using small-sized thermionic cathodes provided by Spectra-Mat corporation. The cathode electron current emission work function is emphasized as a crucial parameter for selecting cathodes in various applications.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

Sub-millimeter resolution SiPM-based neutron anger camera

M. Loyd, A. Khaplanov, V. Sedov, J. Beal, T. Visscher, C. Donahue, C. Montcalm, G. Warren, R. Butz, C. Boone, C. Hart, R. Riedel, Y. Diawara

Summary: Thermal and cold neutron beamlines require detector systems with high efficiency, large active area, and good spatial resolution. This study presents a new design of Anger camera using silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) instead of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), offering better resolution, less distortion, and more compactness. The use of SiPMs also enables the camera to be used in strong magnetic fields, providing additional experimental capabilities.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

Vertical time-of-flight spectroscopy of ultracold neutrons

Thomas Neulinger, Hanno Filter, Oliver Zimmer

Summary: This paper describes the mathematical foundation for analyzing vertical time-of-flight (TOF) measurements using ultracold neutrons (UCN). It enables the spectroscopy of UCN with kinetic energies below the neutron optical potential of the detector entrance window. The paper provides general treatment methods and transformation rules for converting vertical TOF spectra into other spectra of interest.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

A comparative study on full-energy peak efficiency calibration methods for HPGe detector: Virtual point detector, curve fitting, and machine learning models

Huynh Dinh Chuong, Nguyen Huynh Duy Khang, Le Thi Ngoc Trang, Nguyen Thi Truc Linh, Truong Thanh Sang, Nguyen Thanh Dat, Hoang Duc Tam

Summary: This paper presents a comparative study of three models, including virtual point detector (VPD), curve fitting (CF), and machine learning (ML), in determining the full-energy peak efficiency (FEPE) of HPGe detector. The study found that the ML model outperforms VPD and CF models in terms of accuracy.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

Partially depleted operation of 250 μm-thick silicon carbide neutron detectors

M. H. Kushoro, M. Angelone, D. Bozzi, G. Gorini, F. La Via, E. Perelli Cippo, M. Pillon, M. Tardocchi, M. Rebai

Summary: This paper presents the characterization of a series of SiC detectors operated with partial polarization, achieving excellent energy resolution and detection characteristics for both alpha particles and neutrons. The results demonstrate the potential of SiC detectors for fast neutron detection in fusion experiments. The limitations and challenges for manufacturing thick SiCs in the future are also discussed.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

Characterization of LAPPD timing at CERN PS testbeam

Deb Sankar Bhattacharya, Andrea Bressan, Chandradoy Chatterjee, Silvia Dalla Torre, Mauro Gregori, Alexander Kiselev, Stefano Levorato, Anna Martin, Saverio Minutoli, Mikhail Osipenko, Richa Rai, Marco Ripani, Fulvio Tessarotto, Triloki Triloki

Summary: In this article, we report on the measurement of the time resolution of an LAPPD prototype using Cherenkov radiation emitted by high energy hadrons. Our approach has demonstrated the capability of measuring time resolutions as fine as 25-30 ps. The measured time resolution for single photoelectrons is about 80 ps r.m.s.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

Fabrication and characterization of self-supporting and backed 107Ag targets for lifetime measurements using RDM and DSAM

Bharti Rohila, S. R. Abhilash, Diwanshu, Chetan Sharma, Devinder Mehta, Ashok Kumar

Summary: Self-supporting and Au backed Ag-107 targets have been fabricated using a combination of cold rolling and e-beam melting technique. The method is efficient, resulting in targets without significant material loss or major contamination. Various techniques have been used for thickness measurements and characterizations, and one of the fabricated targets has been successfully used in a nuclear physics experiment.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

Reduction of light output of plastic scintillator tiles during irradiation at cold temperatures and in low-oxygen environments

B. Kronheim, A. Belloni, T. K. Edberg, S. C. Eno, C. Howe, C. Palmer, C. Papageorgakis, M. Paranjpe, S. Sriram

Summary: This paper presents measurements of the relative decrease of light output during irradiation of small plastic scintillator tiles read out by silicon photomultipliers. The study found substantial temporary damage during low-temperature irradiation, regardless of oxygen concentration and wrapping material. The wrapping material had an impact on the relative light loss, with the 3M(TM) Enhanced Specular Reflector Film showing the largest loss. The light loss was less at warmer temperatures and similar to that in standard atmosphere with 3% oxygen concentration. Evidence of a plateau in the radical density was seen for the data at 0 degrees C.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

Atomistic modelling of electron propagation and radiation emission in oriented bent ultra-thin Si and Ge crystals

V. V. Haurylavets, V. K. Ivanov, A. V. Korol, A. V. Solov'yov

Summary: Computational modeling of high-energy electron passage through crystalline media is conducted using relativistic molecular dynamics. The results show good agreement with experimental data, demonstrating the accuracy of the simulations. Minor discrepancies between theory and experiment are discussed.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

Eco-friendly Resistive Plate Chambers for detectors in future HEP applications

Luca Quaglia, R. Cardarelli, B. Liberti, E. Pastori, G. Proto, L. Pizzimento, A. Rocchi, G. Aielli, P. Camarri, A. Di Ciacco, L. Di Stante, R. Santonico, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, L. Massa, A. Polini, M. Romano, L. Benussi, S. Bianco, D. Piccolo, G. Saviano, M. Abbrescia, L. Congedo, M. De Serio, G. Galati, G. Pugliese, S. Simone, D. Ramos, P. Salvini, A. Samalan, M. Tytgat, N. Zaganidis, J. Eysermans, A. Ferretti, M. Gagliardi, L. Terlizzi, E. Vercellin, P. Dupieux, B. Joly, S. P. Manen, R. Guida, B. Mandelli, G. Rigoletti, M. Barroso, M. C. Arena, A. Pastore, R. Aly, M. Verzeroli, S. Buontempo

Summary: Resistive Plate Chamber detectors are widely used in current High Energy Physics experiments. However, efforts are being made to find eco-friendly gas alternatives to Tetrafluoroethane. The RPC EcoGas@GIF++ collaboration aims to improve RPC technology, evaluate the performance of RPCs with eco-friendly gas mixtures, and conduct aging tests.

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT (2024)