Review
Cell Biology
Rena Kono, Yuji Ikegaya, Ryuta Koyama
Summary: Microglia and astrocytes are important phagocytic cells in the brain, responsible for maintaining brain homeostasis by engulfing various materials. While they have different phagocytic abilities, both cell types play crucial roles in clearance processes.
Review
Cell Biology
Ivo H. Hernandez, Mario Villa-Gonzalez, Gerardo Martin, Manuel Soto, Maria Jose Perez-Alvarez
Summary: Ischemic stroke, as the second leading cause of death and the first cause of long-term disability worldwide, poses a significant socioeconomic burden. Current approved treatments such as thrombectomy and rtPA administration are effective in some cases but not suitable for a large proportion of patients. Advancements in glial cell-related therapies, particularly in promoting protective phenotypes and inhibiting neurotoxic profiles, show promising results in different in vivo models of stroke. Oligodendrogenesis after brain ischemia seems beneficial, but these cells are less studied players and potential negative effects may arise in the future.
Review
Neurosciences
Yao Liu, Xi Shen, Yuhan Zhang, Xiaoli Zheng, Carlos Cepeda, Yao Wang, Shumin Duan, Xiaoping Tong
Summary: The mammalian brain is composed of neurons, glial cells, and numerous synapses. Neurons form the complex circuitry of the brain, while glial cells, especially astrocytes and microglia, play essential roles in supporting and regulating neuronal activity. This review summarizes the latest research on how glial cells impact and remodel synapses, with a focus on microglia and oligodendrocytes. The review highlights the cellular and molecular mechanisms of neuron-glia crosstalk and provides insights into how disrupted synaptic communication between neurons and glia may contribute to neural pathologies.
Review
Cell Biology
Ming Zhao, Xue-Fan Jiang, Hui-Qin Zhang, Jia-Hui Sun, Hui Pei, Li-Na Ma, Yu Cao, Hao Li
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder with no satisfying curative therapies currently available. Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier contributes to the onset and progression of AD, yet the pathogenesis caused by BBB injury remains unclear. Glial cells play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of BBB and neuronal function.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Alejandro Sanchez-Melgar, Sonia Munoz-Lopez, Jose Luis Albasanz, Mairena Martin
Summary: Gliomas are the most common and aggressive primary tumors in the central nervous system, while resveratrol, a natural polyphenol, shows antitumoral potential, possibly through regulating adenosine metabolism and adenosine receptors.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biology
Aurelie Brecier, Vina W. Li, Chloe S. Smith, Katherine Halievski, Nader Ghasemlou
Summary: This review discusses the impact of glial cell clock machinery on the function of the central nervous system, as well as the regulation of the body's circadian rhythm by glial cells. The findings shed new light on the importance of glial cell clock machinery in diseases.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
D. A. Santiago Gonzalez, V. T. Cheli, S. L. Rosenblum, G. Denaroso, P. M. Paez
Summary: Ceruloplasmin is an essential ferroxidase enzyme for cell iron efflux and plays a crucial role in promoting the maturation of OLs and SCs by regulating iron balance and preventing oxidative stress and neurodegeneration in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Review
Neurosciences
Fernando Cruz-Mendoza, Fernando Jauregui-Huerta, Adriana Aguilar-Delgadillo, Joaquin Garcia-Estrada, Sonia Luquin
Summary: This review collects evidence showing that glial cells also express the c-fos gene and highlights the different expression patterns of c-fos in glial cells compared to neurons.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ying Zhang, Hai-Yan Yin, Patrizia Rubini, Peter Illes, Yong Tang
Summary: There is a dispute about whether CNS neurons possess ATP-sensitive P2X7 receptors. By genetically deleting P2X7 receptors in astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, it was found that these receptors indirectly modulate the neuronal input to neighboring neurons.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Mariana Y. Garcia-Bermudez, Kristine K. Freude, Zaynab A. Mouhammad, Peter van Wijngaarden, Keith K. Martin, Miriam Kolko
Summary: Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, affecting around 80 million people by 2020. Despite lowering intraocular pressure being the only proven treatment to slow disease progression, a significant number of patients still go blind. Therefore, the search for alternative treatment strategies is crucial.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Juliette Van Steenwinckel, Cindy Bokobza, Mireille Laforge, Isabelle K. Shearer, Veronique E. Miron, Rejane Rua, Samantha M. Matta, Elisa L. Hill-Yardin, Bobbi Fleiss, Pierre Gressens
Summary: Approximately one in 10 babies are born preterm, and up to 50% of preterm infants develop encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP) that increases the risk of lifelong cognitive defects. Glial cells play a key role in the development of a healthy brain, but glial dysfunction is a hallmark of EoP. However, our understanding of glial biology is not sufficient for the development of effective neuroregenerative therapies.
Article
Neurosciences
Quentin Raas, Ali Tawbeh, Mounia Tahri-Joutey, Catherine Gondcaille, Celine Keime, Romain Kaiser, Doriane Trompier, Boubker Nasser, Valerio Leoni, Emma Bellanger, Maud Boussand, Yannick Hamon, Alexandre Benani, Francesca Di Cara, Caroline Truntzer, Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki, Pierre Andreoletti, Stephane Savary
Summary: Microglial cells play crucial roles in maintaining brain homeostasis. In X-ALD, microglial defect may occur before myelin degradation and contribute to the neurodegenerative process. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of microglial dysfunction is important for the pathogenesis of peroxisomal disorders.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wanna Sa-nongdej, Sukumal Chongthammakun, Chanchai Songthaveesin
Summary: Glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) are highly resistant to treatment, and nutrient starvation could potentially improve treatment outcomes by triggering apoptotic and autophagic metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Yuanyuan Fu, Ming Yang, Hongmin Yu, Yicheng Wang, Xinglong Wu, Jun Yong, Yunuo Mao, Yueli Cui, Xiaoying Fan, Lu Wen, Jie Qiao, Fuchou Tang
Summary: The research revealed that EGFR expression sharply increases after gestational week 20 in the developing human cerebral cortex, mainly distributed in the germinal zone and frequently colocalizing with the stemness marker SOX2. This finding provides insights into human glial development by enriching and characterizing various glial- and neuronal-lineage progenitor cells using single-cell RNA sequencing.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Se In Bang, Hyun Young Kim, Weon Tack Seo, Ah Young Lee, Eun Ju Cho
Summary: The present study found that mulberry vinegar can prevent neuroinflammation by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway and glial activation. Mulberry vinegar, produced by alcohol and acetic fermentation of mulberry juice, contains anthocyanins that may have beneficial effects on human health, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic effects.
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Thomas Nury, Amira Zarrouk, Aline Yammine, John J. Mackrill, Anne Vejux, Gerard Lizard
Summary: Oxysterols, oxidized forms of cholesterol, induce cell death through oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy at cytotoxic concentrations. This process involves activation of mitochondrial pathway, changes in mitochondrial permeability, and alterations in peroxisome function, ultimately leading to cell damage.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sudhakaran Sruthi, Thomas Nury, Nadine Millot, Gerard Lizard
Summary: Zinc oxide nanoparticles have great potential for applications, but their toxicity, particularly in causing neurotoxicity, is a significant concern. In studies on murine microglial BV-2 cells, it was found that ZnO NPs could induce non-apoptotic cell death associated with an accumulation of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction, and plasma membrane damages.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
T. Nury, A. Yammine, I Ghzaiel, K. Sassi, A. Zarrouk, F. Brahmi, M. Samadi, S. Rup-Jacques, D. Vervandier-Fasseur, J. P. Pais de Barros, V Bergas, S. Ghosh, M. Majeed, A. Pande, A. Atanasov, S. Hammami, M. Hammami, J. Mackrill, B. Nasser, P. Andreoletti, M. Cherkaoui-Malki, A. Vejux, G. Lizard
Summary: Age-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and eye disorders are associated with increased levels of cholesterol derivatives, specifically 7-ketocholesterol and 7 beta-hydroxycholesterol, which may lead to cell death. Understanding the signaling pathways associated with the toxicity of these oxysterols is essential for identifying pharmacological targets, nutrients, and synthetic molecules that can attenuate or inhibit their cytotoxic activities to potentially treat these diseases.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Imen Ghzaiel, Khouloud Sassi, Amira Zarrouk, Thomas Nury, Mohamed Ksila, Valerio Leoni, Balkiss Bouhaouala-Zahar, Sonia Hammami, Mohamed Hammami, John J. Mackrill, Mohammad Samadi, Taoufik Ghrairi, Anne Vejux, Gerard Lizard
Summary: 7-Ketocholesterol, a cholesterol oxidization product, plays a role in the development of age-related diseases and has antimicrobial properties. However, elevated levels in COVID-19 patients may worsen symptoms, suggesting it could be a potential biomarker for disease outcome. Counteracting its toxic effects with adjuvant therapies could have beneficial effects in COVID-19 patients.
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Adil El Midaoui, Imen Ghzaiel, Dominique Vervandier-Fasseur, Mohamed Ksila, Amira Zarrouk, Thomas Nury, Farid Khallouki, Aboubaker El Hessni, Salama Ouazzani Ibrahimi, Norbert Latruffe, Rejean Couture, Omar Kharoubi, Fatiha Brahmi, Sonia Hammami, Olfa Masmoudi-Kouki, Mohamed Hammami, Taoufik Ghrairi, Anne Vejux, Gerard Lizard
Summary: Saffron, a medicinal plant rich in carotenoids and terpenes, has powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Its beneficial effects on neuropsychiatric and age-related diseases make it significant in promoting human health.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emmanuelle C. Genin, Sylvie Bannwarth, Baptiste Ropert, Francoise Lespinasse, Alessandra Mauri-Crouzet, Gaelle Auge, Konstantina Fragaki, Charlotte Cochaud, Erminia Donnarumma, Sandra Lacas-Gervais, Timothy Wai, Veronique Paquis-Flucklinger
Summary: Genin et al. show that SLP2 and prohibitins play a role in the pathological cascade of ALS caused by the p.Ser59Leu variant of CHCHD10. Aggregates of SLP2/prohibitins and instability of the PHB complex result in mitochondrial fragmentation and cell death.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohamed Ksila, Anne Vejux, Emmanuelle Prost-Camus, Philippe Durand, Imen Ghzaiel, Thomas Nury, Dorian Duprey, Smail Meziane, Olfa Masmoudi-Kouki, Norbert Latruffe, Taoufik Ghrairi, Michel Prost, Gerard Lizard, Dominique Vervandier-Fasseur
Summary: Trans-resveratrol is a natural polyphenol with anti-tumoral and antioxidant activity. In this study, we synthesized a series of imine analogs of trans-resveratrol and evaluated their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Imen Ghzaiel, Amira Zarrouk, Soukaina Essadek, Lucy Martine, Souha Hammouda, Aline Yammine, Mohamed Ksila, Thomas Nury, Wiem Meddeb, Mounia Tahri Joutey, Wafa Mihoubi, Claudio Caccia, Valerio Leoni, Mohammad Samadi, Niyazi Acar, Pierre Andreoletti, Sonia Hammami, Taoufik Ghrairi, Anne Vejux, Mohamed Hammami, Gerard Lizard
Summary: Peroxisomes play a crucial role in cell metabolism and RedOx homeostasis. 7 ss-hydroxycholesterol induces oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and peroxisomal alterations, while milk thistle seed oil and alpha-tocopherol have protective effects.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leila Rezig, Imen Ghzaiel, Mohamed Ksila, Aline Yammine, Thomas Nury, Amira Zarrouk, Mohammad Samadi, Moncef Chouaibi, Anne Vejux, Gerard Lizard
Summary: 7-ketocholesterol and 7 beta-hydroxycholesterol are two oxysterols formed by the autoxidation of cholesterol and are often increased in age-related and civilization diseases. These oxysterols induce oxidative stress and inflammation, and their toxicity can lead to oxidative apoptosis characterized by oxidative stress, apoptosis induction, and autophagy criteria. Nutrients in the Mediterranean diet, including tocopherols, fatty acids, and polyphenols, as well as Mediterranean oils, have shown cytoprotective activities, suggesting a potential nutraceutical approach to counteract the effects of these oxysterols.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Imen Ghzaiel, Thomas Nury, Amira Zarrouk, Anne Vejux, Gerard Lizard
Article
Clinical Neurology
V. Schneider, A. Vejux, T. Nury, G. Dupont, J. P. Pais de Barros, D. Lakomy, G. Lizard, T. Moreau
Summary: The study evaluates the performance of plasma biomarkers related to neurodegeneration, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in distinguishing between Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonian syndromes.
REVUE NEUROLOGIQUE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Habiba Bouchab, Soukaina Essadek, Soufiane El Kamouni, Khadija Moustaid, Abdelkhalid Essamadi, Pierre Andreoletti, Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki, Riad El Kebbaj, Boubker Nasser
Summary: Recently, there has been a focus on studying the protective powers of medicinal plants and identifying new molecules with antioxidant properties. Argan oil and olive oil have gained considerable attention due to their composition and preventive properties. This study aimed to determine the content of phenolic compounds, chlorophylls, and carotenoid pigments in these oils and evaluate their antioxidant potential.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Emmanuelle C. Genin, Melanie Abou-Ali, Veronique Paquis-Flucklinger
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and is closely related to the pathogenesis of the disease. Fighting against mitochondrial dysfunction appears to be a promising avenue for developing combined therapies in the future.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Leila Rezig, Lucy Martine, Thomas Nury, Kamel Msaada, Nesrine Mahfoudhi, Imen Ghzaiel, Emmanuelle Prost-Camus, Philippe Durand, Adil El Midaoui, Niyazi Acar, Norbert Latruffe, Anne Vejux, Gerard Lizard
Summary: This study analyzed the fatty acid, tocopherol, phytosterol, and polyphenol profiles of Mediterranean oils, including pumpkin, melon, and black cumin seed oils, as well as dietary argan seed oil. The results showed that these oils are rich in bioactive compounds that can provide cytoprotective properties and prevent oxidative stress.
JOURNAL OF OLEO SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Imen Ghzaiel, Amira Zarrouk, Khouloud Sassi, Thomas Nury, Sonia Hammami, Anne Vejux, Gerard Hubert Lizard
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)