Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jonathan Barnes, Emma Sewart, Richard A. Armstrong, Maria Pufulete, Robert Hinchliffe, Ben Gibbison, Ronelle Mouton
Summary: This systematic review examines the effectiveness of melatonin in preventing postoperative delirium (POD). The results suggest that melatonin may reduce the incidence of POD in adults undergoing surgery. However, there are inconsistencies in the methodology and outcome reporting of the included studies.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jonathan Barnes, Emma Sewart, Richard A. Armstrong, Maria Pufulete, Robert Hinchliffe, Ben Gibbison, Ronelle Mouton
Summary: This systematic review examined the effect of melatonin in preventing postoperative delirium and found that melatonin may reduce the incidence of POD in adults undergoing surgery. However, there were inconsistencies in methodology and outcome reporting among the included studies. Further research is needed to determine the optimal regime for melatonin administration and how best to evaluate results.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rachael Cherie Cvejic, Tim R. Watkins, Adrian R. Walker, Simone Reppermund, Preeyaporn Srasuebkul, Brian Draper, Adrienne Withall, Di Winkler, Ingrid Honan, Deidre Mackechnie, Julian Trollor
Summary: A study in New South Wales, Australia, found that younger people (aged 15-64 years) with neuropsychiatric disorders who were discharged from hospitals to residential aged care (RAC) were mainly associated with progressive neurological and cognitive disorders. Other influencing factors included acute precipitants such as a range of conditions and injuries, as well as older age, being unmarried or not having a partner, living in lower socioeconomic areas, functional issues, and the need for palliative care.
Editorial Material
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Sarah Levitt, Alex Henri-Bhargava, David B. Hogan, Kenneth Shulman, Sara B. Mitchell
Summary: The article introduces the development and practices of the Brain Medicine Fellowship, a training program that aims to cultivate interdisciplinary expertise in the assessment and treatment of complex brain disorders. It highlights the innovative educational design and the impact of the program through the Brain Medicine Clinic, benefiting patients and caregivers.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rachael Cherie Cvejic, Tim R. Watkins, Adrian R. Walker, Simone Reppermund, Preeyaporn Srasuebkul, Brian Draper, Adrienne Withall, Di Winkler, Ingrid Honan, Deidre Mackechnie, Julian Trollor
Summary: This study examined the sociodemographic and diagnostic factors associated with discharge from hospital to residential aged care for younger people with neuropsychiatric disorders. The study found that progressive neurological and cognitive disorders were most strongly associated with discharge to aged care. Other factors included older age, not being partnered, living in areas of lower socioeconomic status, functional issues, and the need for palliative care.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Stefan Braune, Fabian Rossnagel, Heidi Dikow, Arnfin Bergmann
Summary: The study in Germany showed that the diversity of drug treatments for RRMS patients has improved clinical effectiveness over time, with more patients receiving treatment and starting treatment earlier. The introduction of oral DMTs has led to higher readiness to switch treatments, indicating a potential benefit for personalized treatment allocation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Valdemar Landgren, Elisabeth Fernell, Christopher Gillberg, Magnus Landgren, Mats Johnson
Summary: This study investigates predictors of adverse outcomes in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) combined with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) compared to children without these disorders at the age of six. The findings highlight the importance of considering neurodevelopmental symptoms, such as ADHD severity, in predicting adverse outcomes in adulthood. The study suggests that a comprehensive neurodevelopmental profiling should inform research and clinical practice in order to better understand and address the associated comorbidities and problems in ADHD.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Annet Heijerman-Holtgrefe, Chaim Huyser, Cara Verdellen, Jolande van de Griendt, Laura Beljaars, Kees-Jan Kan, Ramon Lindauer, Danielle Cath, Pieter Hoekstra, Lisbeth Utens
Summary: This paper outlines the study protocol for the Dutch Tackle Your Tics study, which aims to provide effective treatment for children and adolescents with tic disorders. The program is a 4-day intensive and comprehensive group-based intervention that includes exposure and response prevention treatment and additional supporting components. The effectiveness of Tackle Your Tics is being studied through a single-blinded randomized controlled trial to identify predictors/moderators. If proven effective, this intervention can expand evidence-based treatment possibilities for children and adolescents with tic disorders.
Review
Neurosciences
Daniel Hunter, Zoe Jamet, Laurent Groc
Summary: This text discusses the discovery of autoimmune encephalitis, especially the presence of autoantibodies against the glutamatergic NMDA receptor. It explores the diversity of NMDAR-Abs and their mechanisms leading to receptor dysfunction, as well as the need for further research in this area and its potential implications.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Masatoshi Yamashita, Kuriko Kagitani-Shimono, Yoshiyuki Hirano, Sayo Hamatani, Shota Nishitani, Akiko Yao, Sawa Kurata, Hirotaka Kosaka, Minyoung Jung, Tokiko Yoshida, Tsuyoshi Sasaki, Koji Matsumoto, Yoko Kato, Mariko Nakanishi, Masaya Tachibana, Ikuko Mohri, Kenji J. Tsuchiya, Tetsuya Tsujikawa, Hidehiko Okazawa, Eiji Shimizu, Masako Taniike, Akemi Tomoda, Yoshifumi Mizuno
Summary: This study aims to correct site differences in MRI scanners and clarify brain structure and network characteristics of children with ADHD and ASD using large samples collected in a multi-centre collaboration. Additionally, the relationship between these characteristics and genetic, epigenetic, biochemical markers, and behavioral and psychological measures will be investigated.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Phaedra Longhurst, Wayne Full
Summary: This paper proposes a scoping review to explore disabled individuals' perceptions and experiences of counselling and psychotherapy. By conducting systematic searches and analysis of existing research, the study aims to identify barriers/facilitators to therapy delivery and participation for disabled clients. The findings will inform future research, practice, and policy to develop inclusive strategies and approaches for the psychological well-being of disabled clients accessing therapy.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hilde M. Geurts, Joost A. Agelink van Rentergem, Tulsi Radhoe, Carolien Torenvliet, Wikke J. van der Putten, Annabeth P. Groenman
Summary: This study aims to fill the knowledge gaps in the field of autism spectrum conditions in adults by assessing cognitive aging in ASC through a multi-stage design. Participants include ASC patients, ADHD patients, and a control group without ASC/ADHD. The research will provide valuable data for understanding the concept of ASC and providing support for autistic adults.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Norman Poole, Sarah Cope, Serena Vanzan, Aimee Duffus, Nadia Mantovani, Jared Smith, Barbara M. Barrett, Melanie Tokley, Martin Scicluna, Sarah Beardmore, Kati Turner, Mark Edwards, Robert Howard
Summary: Functional cognitive disorder (FCD) is increasingly seen in clinics assessing cognitive disorders. A brief psychological intervention using acceptance and commitment therapy principles has been developed for FCD patients. This feasibility study aims to assess recruitment feasibility, adherence to the intervention, and acceptability of treatment through a randomized controlled trial.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sarah R. Cope, Jared G. Smith, Sharif El-Leithy, Serena Vanzan, Caitlin Pentland, Susannah Pick, Dawn Golder, Patricia Hogwood, Kati Turner, Jo Billings, Mark J. Edwards
Summary: This study will examine the use of eye-movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy (EMDR) as a treatment for functional neurological disorder (FND). A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with 50 FND patients, comparing the clinical outcomes of the EMDR plus standard neuropsychiatric care (NPC) group to the standard NPC group. The findings of this study will be published in open access peer-reviewed journals and communicated to participants and other relevant stakeholders.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Charis Wong, Jenna M. Gregory, Jing Liao, Kieren Egan, Hanna M. Vesterinen, Aimal Ahmad Khan, Maarij Anwar, Caitlin Beagan, Fraser S. Brown, John Cafferkey, Alessandra Cardinali, Jane Yi Chiam, Claire Chiang, Victoria Collins, Joyce Dormido, Elizabeth Elliott, Peter Foley, Yu Cheng Foo, Lily Fulton-Humble, Angus B. Gane, Stella A. Glasmacher, Aine Heffernan, Kiran Jayaprakash, Nimesh Jayasuriya, Amina Kaddouri, Jamie Kiernan, Gavin Langlands, D. Leighton, Jiaming Liu, James Lyon, Arpan R. Mehta, Alyssa Meng, Vivienne Nguyen, Na Hyun Park, Suzanne Quigley, Yousuf Rashid, Andrea Salzinger, Bethany Shiell, Ankur Singh, Tim Soane, Alexandra Thompson, Olaf Tomala, Fergal M. Waldron, Bhuvaneish T. Selvaraj, Jeremy Chataway, Robert Swingler, Peter Connick, Suvankar Pal, Siddharthan Chandran, Malcolm Macleod
Summary: This study presents a systematic and structured evidence-based approach to select the first two drugs for evaluation in the MND-SMART trial. Through a comprehensive evaluation of clinical studies and animal models, memantine and trazodone were selected as the first two drugs based on supportive evidence.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Jan Stochl, Hannah Jones, Emma Soneson, Adam P. Wagner, Golam M. Khandaker, Stanley Zammit, Jon Heron, Gemma Hammerton, Edward T. Bullmore, Ray Dolan, Peter Fonagy, Ian M. Goodyer, J. Perez, Peter B. Jones
Summary: Characterizing patterns of mental phenomena in epidemiological studies of adolescents can provide insight into the latent organization of psychiatric disorders. This avoids the biases of chronicity and selection inherent in clinical samples, guides models of shared aetiology within psychiatric disorders and informs the development and implementation of interventions.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Wayne C. Drevets, Gayle M. Wittenberg, Edward T. Bullmore, Husseini K. Manji
Summary: Compelling evidence suggests that immune mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and drugs targeting immune targets have shown efficacy in improving depressive symptoms. By defining narrower patient subgroups based on biology, the treatment response rates can be increased, which is a major advancement in clinical psychiatry.
NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Suzanne N. Haber, Hesheng Liu, Jakob Seidlitz, Ed Bullmore
Summary: This review discusses the fundamental importance of prefrontal cortical connectivity to information processing and disorders of cognition, emotion, and behavior. It introduces the methods used to study monosynaptic prefrontal cortical connections in non-human primates and MRI-derived measurements of network organization in humans. The review also demonstrates how tract-tracing studies can inform the composition of prefrontal cortex nodes and hubs.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Noha Althubaity, Julia Schubert, Daniel Martins, Tayyabah Yousaf, Maria A. Nettis, Valeria Mondelli, Carmine Pariante, Neil A. Harrison, Edward T. Bullmore, Danai Dima, Federico E. Turkheimer, Mattia Veronese
Summary: The study found that depressed individuals have increased choroid plexus volume, which is associated with brain inflammation but not with peripheral inflammatory markers. The volume of choroid plexus is positively correlated with PET binding in other brain regions, suggesting that changes in brain barriers may play a role in inflammation in depression.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Konstantinos Ioannidis, Roxanne W. Hook, Anna Wiedemann, Junaid Bhatti, Katarzyna Czabanowska, Andres Roman-Urrestarazu, Jon E. Grant, Ian M. Goodyer, Peter Fonagy, Edward T. Bullmore, Peter B. Jones, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with eating disorders, identifying a significant association between family conflict, impulsiveness traits, and concurrent eating disorder symptoms.
COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
R. A. I. Bethlehem, J. Seidlitz, S. R. White, J. W. Vogel, K. M. Anderson, C. Adamson, S. Adler, G. S. Alexopoulos, E. Anagnostou, A. Areces-Gonzalez, D. E. Astle, B. Auyeung, M. Ayub, J. Bae, G. Ball, S. Baron-Cohen, R. Beare, S. A. Bedford, V. Benegal, F. Beyer, J. Blangero, M. Blesa Cabez, J. P. Boardman, M. Borzage, J. F. Bosch-Bayard, N. Bourke, V. D. Calhoun, M. M. Chakravarty, C. Chen, C. Chertavian, G. Chetelat, Y. S. Chong, J. H. Cole, A. Corvin, M. Costantino, E. Courchesne, F. Crivello, V. L. Cropley, J. Crosbie, N. Crossley, M. Delarue, R. Delorme, S. Desrivieres, G. A. Devenyi, M. A. Di Biase, R. Dolan, K. A. Donald, G. Donohoe, K. Dunlop, A. D. Edwards, J. T. Elison, C. T. Ellis, J. A. Elman, L. Eyler, D. A. Fair, E. Feczko, P. C. Fletcher, P. Fonagy, C. E. Franz, L. Galan-Garcia, A. Gholipour, J. Giedd, J. H. Gilmore, D. C. Glahn, I. M. Goodyer, P. E. Grant, N. A. Groenewold, F. M. Gunning, R. E. Gur, R. C. Gur, C. F. Hammill, O. Hansson, T. Hedden, A. Heinz, R. N. Henson, K. Heuer, J. Hoare, B. Holla, A. J. Holmes, R. Holt, H. Huang, K. Im, J. Ipser, C. R. Jack, A. P. Jackowski, T. Jia, K. A. Johnson, P. B. Jones, D. T. Jones, R. S. Kahn, H. Karlsson, L. Karlsson, R. Kawashima, E. A. Kelley, S. Kern, K. W. Kim, M. G. Kitzbichler, W. S. Kremen, F. Lalonde, B. Landeau, S. Lee, J. Lerch, J. D. Lewis, J. Li, W. Liao, C. Liston, M. V. Lombardo, J. Lv, C. Lynch, T. T. Mallard, M. Marcelis, R. D. Markello, S. R. Mathias, B. Mazoyer, P. McGuire, M. J. Meaney, A. Mechelli, N. Medic, B. Misic, S. E. Morgan, D. Mothersill, J. Nigg, M. Q. W. Ong, C. Ortinau, R. Ossenkoppele, M. Ouyang, L. Palaniyappan, L. Paly, P. M. Pan, C. Pantelis, M. M. Park, T. Paus, Z. Pausova, D. Paz-Linares, A. Pichet Binette, K. Pierce, X. Qian, J. Qiu, A. Qiu, A. Raznahan, T. Rittman, A. Rodrigue, C. K. Rollins, R. Romero-Garcia, L. Ronan, M. D. Rosenberg, D. H. Rowitch, G. A. Salum, T. D. Satterthwaite, H. L. Schaare, R. J. Schachar, A. P. Schultz, G. Schumann, M. Scholl, D. Sharp, R. T. Shinohara, I. Skoog, C. D. Smyser, R. A. Sperling, D. J. Stein, A. Stolicyn, J. Suckling, G. Sullivan, Y. Taki, B. Thyreau, R. Toro, N. Traut, K. A. Tsvetanov, N. B. Turk-Browne, J. J. Tuulari, C. Tzourio, E. Vachon-Presseau, M. J. Valdes-Sosa, P. A. Valdes-Sosa, S. L. Valk, T. van Amelsvoort, S. N. Vandekar, L. Vasung, L. W. Victoria, S. Villeneuve, A. Villringer, P. E. Vertes, K. Wagstyl, Y. S. Wang, S. K. Warfield, V. Warrier, E. Westman, M. L. Westwater, H. C. Whalley, A. V. Witte, N. Yang, B. Yeo, H. Yun, A. Zalesky, H. J. Zar, A. Zettergren, J. H. Zhou, H. Ziauddeen, A. Zugman, X. N. Zuo, E. T. Bullmore, A. F. Alexander-Bloch
Summary: Neuroimaging has become a widely used tool in brain research, but there is currently a lack of reference standards to quantify individual differences over time. In this study, researchers created an open resource that benchmarks brain morphology using a large dataset of MRI scans. The brain charts identified neurodevelopmental milestones and showed high individual stability and robustness to technical and methodological differences.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lena Dorfschmidt, Richard A. Bethlehem, Jakob Seidlitz, Frantisek Vasa, Simon R. White, Rafael Romero-Garcia, Manfred G. Kitzbichler, Athina R. Aruldass, Sarah E. Morgan, Ian M. Goodyer, Peter Fonagy, Peter B. Jones, Ray J. Dolan, Neil A. Harrison, Petra E. Vertes, Edward T. Bullmore
Summary: Sexual differences in human brain development play a role in the incidence of depression during adolescence. By analyzing fMRI data from 298 healthy adolescents, the study found that females had a more disruptive pattern of brain network development compared to males. This finding provides important insights into the understanding of the mechanisms underlying adolescent depression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bo-Yong Park, Casey Paquola, Richard A. Bethlehem, Oualid Benkarim, Bratislav Misic, Jonathan Smallwood, Edward T. Bullmore, Boris C. Bernhardt
Summary: This study analyzed the development of structural and functional brain networks in adolescents and found that multiple corticocortical structural networks continue to differentiate in youth. Regions with more similar structural wiring were more likely to be functionally coupled. Additionally, increased structural differentiation was associated with reduced functional interactions, illustrating the interaction between brain structure and function in adolescent development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Nina M. Lutz, Sharon A. S. Neufeld, Roxanne W. Hook, Peter B. Jones, Edward T. Bullmore, Ian M. Goodyer, Tamsin J. Ford, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Paul O. Wilkinson
Summary: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is more common among women, possibly due to their higher levels of psychological distress. Women also show significant differences in sensation seeking and positive urgency compared to men. Psychological distress partially mediates the relationship between gender and NSSI.
ARCHIVES OF SUICIDE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Edward J. Needham, Alexander L. Ren, Richard J. Digby, Emma J. Norton, Soraya Ebrahimi, Joanne G. Outtrim, Doris A. Chatfield, Anne E. Manktelow, Maya M. Leibowitz, Virginia F. J. Newcombe, Rainer Doffinger, Gabriela Barcenas-Morales, Claudia Fonseca, Michael J. Taussig, Rowan M. Burnstein, Romit J. Samanta, Cordelia Dunai, Nyarie Sithole, Nicholas J. Ashton, Henrik Zetterberg, Magnus Gisslen, Arden Eden, Emelie Marklund, Peter J. M. Openshaw, Jake Dunning, Michael J. Griffiths, Jonathan Cavanagh, Gerome Breen, Sarosh R. Irani, Anne Elmer, Nathalie Kingston, Charlotte Summers, John R. Bradley, Leonie S. Taams, Benedict D. Michael, Edward T. Bullmore, Kenneth G. C. Smith, Paul A. Lyons, Alasdair J. Coles, David K. Menon
Summary: COVID-19 and influenza are both associated with brain injury, particularly in severe cases. The brain injury occurs in the context of dysregulated immune responses, with no single pathogenic mechanism clearly responsible. Blood biomarkers can be used to assess the extent and duration of brain injury.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eugene Duff, Fernando Zelaya, Fidel Alfaro Almagro, Karla L. Miller, Naomi Martin, Thomas E. Nichols, Bernd Taschler, Ludovica Griffanti, Christoph Arthofer, Gwenaelle Douaud, Chaoyue Wang, Thomas W. Okell, Richard A. Bethlehem, Klaus Eickel, Matthias Guenther, David K. Menon, Guy Williams, Bethany Facer, David J. Lythgoe, Flavio Dell'Acqua, Greta K. Wood, Steven C. R. Williams, Gavin Houston, Simon S. Keller, Catherine Holden, Monika Hartmann, Lily George, Gerome Breen, Benedict D. Michael, Peter Jezzard, Stephen M. Smith, Edward T. Bullmore
Summary: This article describes the development and validation of a multi-modal brain MRI protocol based on the UK Biobank for the study of COVID-19. The results show that large, multi-site MRI datasets can be collected reliably across different sites and scanner manufacturers, providing a reliable technical support for COVID-19 research.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Edward T. Bullmore, Alex Fornito
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Ethan G. Dutcher, Laura Lopez-Cruz, E. A. Claudia Pama, Mary-Ellen Lynall, Iris C. R. Bevers, Jolyon A. Jones, Shahid Khan, Stephen J. Sawiak, Amy L. Milton, Menna R. Clatworthy, Trevor W. Robbins, Edward T. Bullmore, Jeffrey W. Dalley
Summary: Early-life stress (ELS), particularly in the form of childhood neglect and abuse, has long-lasting effects on cognitive and neurobehavioral outcomes in rats. These effects interact with stress in adulthood and may be relevant for understanding the etiology of anxiety and depression in humans.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Isaac Sebenius, Jakob Seidlitz, Varun Warrier, Richard A. I. Bethlehem, Aaron Alexander-Bloch, Travis T. Mallard, Rafael Romero Garcia, Edward T. Bullmore, Sarah E. Morgan
Summary: MIND is a new method that estimates within-subject similarity between cortical areas by comparing the divergence of their multivariate distributions of MRI features. Compared to previous methods, MIND networks are more reliable, consistent with cortical structure, and correlated with axonal connectivity. MIND networks are also more sensitive to aging and gene co-expression, and provide a biologically validated approach to cortical connectomics using MRI data.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Kamen A. Tsvetanov, Lennart R. B. Spindler, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis, Virginia F. J. Newcombe, Victoria C. Lupson, Doris A. Chatfield, Anne E. Manktelow, Joanne G. Outtrim, Anne Elmer, Nathalie Kingston, John R. Bradley, Edward T. Bullmore, James B. Rowe, David K. Menon
Summary: This study investigates the long-term impact of COVID-19 on cerebrovascular health and finds that severe acute COVID-19 is associated with chronic cerebrovascular impairment, which is related to cognitive function and mental wellbeing.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2022)
