Article
Polymer Science
Zahra Esmaeilzadeh, Mohammad Karimi, Ahmad Mousavi Shoushtari, Mehran Javanbakht
Summary: This study successfully fabricated and characterized the SPEEK nanocomposite of polydopamine coated multi-walled carbon nanotube (P@MWCNT), showing improved dimensional stability and enhanced proton conductivity. Through innovative approach based on interfacial energies, it was found that increasing the interfacial energy between P@MWCNTs and polymer chains contributes to the transfer of protons along the interface region of nanofiller and matrix.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lijun Sun, Shuguo Qu, Xueyan Lv, Luyang Ding, Jihai Duan, Weiwen Wang
Summary: In this study, a Co-MOF-74/[IM2][H2PO4]/SPEEK ternary composite membrane was prepared by encapsulating ionic liquid (IL) in metal-organic framework (MOF), which improved the proton conductivity and thermal stability of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membrane.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Khadijeh Hooshyari, Samira Heydari, Hossein Beydaghi, Hamid Reza Rajabi
Summary: This study aims to improve the proton conductivity and fuel cell performance of polymer-based membranes by using specific nanoparticles. The produced membranes exhibit remarkable electrochemical and mechanical performances, achieving high proton conductivity and power density over a wide temperature range and demonstrating long lifetime. These nanocomposite membranes show potential application in fuel cells.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Minghan Xu, Hao Xue, Qingfu Wang, Lichao Jia
Summary: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are potential clean energy sources attracting attention, with a focus on developing high-performance, low-cost PEMs to replace benchmark Nafion membranes. Sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone)s (SPAEKs) and sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (SPAESs) are promising candidates due to their performance and cost advantages. Efforts are classified and introduced in developing SPAEK and SPAES membranes for promising research directions in the field.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rajender Singh Malik, Udit Soni, Sampat Singh Chauhan, Devendra Kumar, Veena Choudhary
Summary: Proton conducting membranes of PVA-FNCs/SPEEK were synthesized by solution casting, exhibiting good proton conductivity and enhanced fuel cell performance. The addition of SPEEK and the crosslinking of PVA-FNCs were found to be key factors affecting the properties of the membranes. The semi-interpenetrating network membranes showed promising potential for applications in fuel cell technology.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Karuppusamy Raja, Mariappan Raja Pugalenthi, Manimuthu Ramesh Prabhu
Summary: By acid-base blending and loading BaCeO3 nanoparticles, the membrane shows enhanced stability and improved performance, including conductivity and power density. The blended membrane exhibits high voltage retention and low voltage degradation in durability study.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gayathri Ravi Kumar, Raja M. Pugalenthi, Guozhong Cao, Ramesh Prabhu Manimuthu
Summary: In this study, high-performing porous sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) (PSPES) nanocomposite membranes with excellent proton conductivity and stability were synthesized via modified non-solvent-induced phase inversion. The inclusion of hydroxylated boron nitride (HBN) in the membrane resulted in the formation of proton transport bridge and continuous proton transfer channels, leading to improved current and power density, as well as reduced membrane degradation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuqing Zhang, Ailing Zhang, Song Wang, Sanxi Li
Summary: The primary and secondary relationship among factors affecting PEEK sulfonation was investigated using a response surface method. The study found that temperature had the greatest influence on PEEK sulfonation, and the sulfonate group successfully connected to the main chain, following Arrhenius law for proton conduction. The optimized conditions resulted in a 44% sulfonation degree of PEEK, which exhibited excellent proton conductivity at 60 degrees C (5.04 x 10-2 S/cm).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Yang Yu, Zheng Zeng, Xuesong Gao, Chunyong Xiong, Huamei Zhu, Hongyu Cen, Xuan Zheng, Qingting Liu, Tao Hu, Chonggang Wu
Summary: To enhance proton conductivity, sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) was covalently grafted with segments containing multiple propanesulfonic acid groups (MS-SPEEK-102). The resulting MS-SPEEK-102 exhibited higher proton conductivity and power density compared to SPEEK, attributed to the increased number of sulfonic acid groups and construction of uninterrupted proton-conducting channels through the movement of flexible side-chain segments. This study presents a potential approach for obtaining a proton exchange membrane with improved proton conductivity based on SPEEK.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Syarifah N. S. S. Daud, Muhammad N. A. M. Norddin, Juhana Jaafar, Rubita Sudirman
Summary: Hot-pressing was used to integrate PEM and AEM into BPM, with sPEEK/PES and cQAPEEK as the electrolytes. The central composite design of response surface methodology was employed to analyze the effect of hot-press conditions on membrane adhesion and properties. The optimized temperature and gauge pressure were found to be 120 degrees C and 3 tonnes/square inch, resulting in a high power density for the sPEEK/PES-cQAPEEK BPM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Khadijeh Hooshyari, Hamidreza Rezania, Vahid Vatanpour, Mohadese Rastgoo-Deylami, Hamid Reza Rajabi
Summary: This study focused on the synthesis of SPEKIS and preparation of new nanocomposite blend membranes using ZnS FQDs to enhance the proton conductivity and fuel cell performance of PBI membranes. The interactions between thiazole rings and functional groups of SPEKIS and ZnS FQDs, along with PBI groups, were shown to improve the proton conductivity. The best fuel cell performance was achieved with the SPEKIS/PBI/ZnS FQDs nanocomposite blend membranes, demonstrating promising potential for high-temperature fuel cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lili Liu, Yao Lu, Cong Ning, Na Li, Shouwen Chen, Zhaoxia Hu
Summary: Structure design plays a crucial role in preparing proton exchange membranes (PEMs) with excellent performance. In this study, a series of comb-shaped sulfonated fluorinated poly(aryl ether sulfone) (SPFAES) membranes were synthesized and demonstrated improved proton conductivity and physicochemical stability compared to linear SPFAE membranes. These findings offer a promising example for the synthesis of high-performance PEMs with flexible comb-shaped side chains.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhuoyu Yin, Haobo Geng, Pengfei Yang, Benbing Shi, Chunyang Fan, Quan Peng, Hong Wu, Zhongyi Jiang
Summary: A sulfonated covalent organic framework nanosheets (TpPa-SO3H) were synthesized and incorporated into SPEEK matrix to prepare proton exchange membranes with increased ion exchange capacity and reduced swelling ratio. The SPEEK/TpPa-SO3H-5 membrane exhibited significantly improved proton conductivity and mechanical strength, leading to favorable performance in a single H-2/O-2 fuel cell.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lukka Thuyavan Yogarathinam, Juhana Jaafar, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, Pei Sean Goh, Arthanareeswaran Gangasalam, Mohamad Fahrul Radzi Hanifah, Kar Chun Wong, Mahesan Naidu Subramaniam, Jerome Peter
Summary: Nanostructured materials, such as polyaniline coated activated boron nitride, have been embedded in sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) membranes to enhance proton conductivity and reduce methanol permeability in direct methanol fuel cell applications. The addition of functionalized boron nitride improves water uptake, ion exchange capacity, and chemical stability of the membranes, while significantly reducing methanol permeability. These nanocomposite membranes exhibit improved performance compared to commercial Nafion membranes, with higher open circuit voltage and power density.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Lijun Sun, Shuguo Qu, Xueyan Lv, Jihai Duan, Weiwen Wang
Summary: In this study, a new type of proton exchange membrane (PEM) was successfully prepared by encapsulating different ionic liquids (ILs) in sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK). Characterization and testing showed that these binary hybrid membranes exhibited good stability and proton conductivity, making them suitable for medium-temperature PEMFC.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)