Article
Neurosciences
Dinorah Hernandez-Melchor, Leticia Ramirez-Martinez, Luis Cid, Cecilia Palafox-Gomez, Esther Lopez-Bayghen, Arturo Ortega
Summary: EAAT1/GLAST in glial cells down-regulates its expression and function at the transcriptional level by activating a signaling pathway that includes PI3K, PKC, and NF-kappa B, favoring the notion of an activity-dependent fine-tuning of glutamate recycling and its synaptic transactions through glial cells.
Article
Neurosciences
Ada G. Rodriguez-Campuzano, Luisa C. Hernandez-Kelly, Arturo Ortega
Summary: Exposure to xenobiotics, especially the excessive release of the excitatory neurotransmitter l-glutamate, can have significant effects on brain physiology, potentially leading to excitotoxicity and neuronal death. This study investigates the role of dynamic DNA methylation triggered by glutamate in glial cells in modulating the expression and function of glial glutamate transporters.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anton N. Shuvaev, Olga S. Belozor, Oleg Mozhei, Elena D. Khilazheva, Andrey N. Shuvaev, Yana Fritsler, S. Kasparov
Summary: Spinocerebellar ataxias are fatal inherited diseases affecting the brain, with potential treatment using memantine. Research showed memantine can prevent cerebellar glial cell pathology and protect neurons.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miaomiao Yang, Yanming Lu, Weilan Piao, Hua Jin
Summary: This review provides an overview of the mTOR signaling pathway and its role in mRNA translational regulation. mTOR signaling plays a central role in cell proliferation and growth by regulating processes such as protein synthesis, energy utilization, and autophagy. It drives selective mRNA translation through the regulation of downstream effectors such as 4E-BP and S6K.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Suzana Bracic Tomazic, Christoph Schatz, Johannes Haybaeck
Summary: The article covers the role of the mTOR signaling pathway in the development of HCC and the research progress on related factors. Risk factors play a crucial role in dysregulation of the pathway, and the quantity of specific factors in patient samples can predict HCC recurrence and treatment outcomes.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lech Kaczmarczyk, Nicole Reichenbach, Nelli Blank, Maria Jonson, Lars Dittrich, Gabor C. Petzold, Walker S. Jackson
Summary: Genetic variation is a key factor in determining phenotypic diversity, which can be minimized through inbreeding. While most disease models and transgenic tools are in C57Bl/6, caution must be exercised when generalizing results obtained with inbred strains, especially in studies involving complex phenotypes and disease models.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoxiao Zhou, Zhili Ren, Jiaqi Xu, Chunhao Deng, Zhaoying Zhang, Carlos Godoy-Parejo, Faxiang Xu, Esther Chi Cheng Huang, Jiajia Wang, Zheyu Cai, Weiwei Liu, Guang Hu, Guokai Chen
Summary: Insulin regulates the survival and proliferation of human pluripotent stem cells by modulating RNA translation through different pathways. It activates the AKT signaling pathway to inhibit the translation of pro-apoptotic proteins, promoting cell survival. At the same time, insulin enhances cell proliferation through the mTOR pathway. This study uncovers the multifaceted regulation of insulin in hPSC survival and proliferation, with RNA translation playing a key role.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Carmen Nanclares, Jose Antonio Noriega-Prieto, Francisco E. Labrada-Moncada, Marija Cvetanovic, Alfonso Araque, Paulo Kofuji
Summary: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia. This study found that the intrinsic electrical properties of Purkinje cells (PCs) in SCA1 mice were altered, and these alterations were associated with the hyperexcitability of Bergmann glia (BG). Preventing BG hyperexcitability in SCA1 mice restored the normal function of PCs.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Fuyuko Takata-Tsuji, Naura Chounlamountri, Le-Duy Do, Camille Philippot, Julia Novion Ducassou, Yohann Coute, Sarrah Ben Achour, Jerome Honnorat, Christophe Place, Olivier Pascual
Summary: Vesicular release plays a crucial role in neurotransmission, with neurons releasing neurotransmitters rapidly and synchronously, while astrocytes modulate neurotransmission through the slower release of various transmitters. Microglia regulate astrocytic gliotransmission by influencing SNARE proteins, impacting the kinetics and overall release of gliotransmitters by astrocytes. This interaction between microglia and astrocytes may have implications for central nervous system diseases involving microglial activation.
Article
Neurosciences
Vasiliki Tellios, Matthew J. E. Maksoud, Wei-Yang Lu
Summary: This study is the first to characterize BG morphology and GLAST expression during development in nNOS(-/-) mice using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The results showed that BG in nNOS(-/-) mice exhibited abnormal morphology and decreased GLAST expression compared with wildtype (WT) mice across postnatal development. It was also found that nNOS/NO signaling regulates BG development through a PKG-mediated mechanism.
Article
Neurosciences
Takahiro Fujimoto, Kirsten Stam, Takeshi Yaoi, Kenta Nakano, Tetsuya Arai, Tadashi Okamura, Kyoko Itoh
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the expression profile of Dp71 in the cerebellum and found its presence in glial cells, Bergmann glial cells, and astrocytes, while Dp427 was exclusively expressed in inhibitory postsynapses within cerebellar Purkinje cells. Additionally, the study revealed biochemical associations of Dp71 with AQP4 and Kir4.1 in both the cerebellum and cerebrum, and partial co-localization of Dp71 with AQP4 and Kir4.1 in glial cells. The results suggest that different cell types in the cerebellum express different dystrophin molecular complexes, which may play a role in pathological and physiological processes through the regulation of water/ion channels and inhibitory postsynapses.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiaojing Liu, Fengfeng Du, Linhe Sun, Jinfeng Li, Shaozhou Chen, Naiwei Li, Yajun Chang, Jian Cui, Wen Chen, Dongrui Yao
Summary: In this study, it was found that the natural mutant 'Da Sajin' in lotus may have originated from a red-flowered ancestor. Partial loss of anthocyanin pigments in white petals may result from metabolic disorder caused by light destruction. The translational and post-translational regulatory network plays an important role in anthocyanin metabolism in lotus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
America Vera-Montecinos, Jordi Galiano-Landeira, Monica Roldan, Francisco Vidal-Domenech, Enrique Claro, Belen Ramos
Summary: METTL7A is mainly located in the endoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplets, with limited cellular expression in the brain. Reduced protein levels of METTL7A have been found in schizophrenia. Our study shows that METTL7A is highly expressed in Bergmann glia and has contacts with Purkinje neurons. The localization of METTL7A may play a role in maintaining cerebellar homeostasis and modulating cerebellar circuits.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shaoxuan Chen, Kunkun Zhang, Boxin Zhang, Mengyun Jiang, Xue Zhang, Yi Guo, Yingying Yu, Tianyu Qin, Hongda Li, Qiang Chen, Zhiyu Cai, Site Luo, Yi Huang, Jin Hu, Wei Mo
Summary: The study reveals that the transcriptomic landscapes of Bergmann glia offer insights into the mechanism by which these cells are deeply integrated into the cerebellar neural network.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Evan M. Zhao, Angelo S. Mao, Helena de Puig, Kehan Zhang, Nathaniel D. Tippens, Xiao Tan, F. Ann Ran, Isaac Han, Peter Q. Nguyen, Emma J. Chory, Tiffany Y. Hua, Pradeep Ramesh, David B. Thompson, Crystal Yuri Oh, Eric S. Zigon, Max A. English, James J. Collins
Summary: The use of eukaryotic toehold switches (eToeholds) allows for efficient induction of gene translation in eukaryotic cells, capable of distinguishing the presence of RNA transcripts under various circumstances. Through optimization of RNA annealing, up to 16-fold induction of transgene expression was achieved.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ada G. Rodriguez-Campuzano, Luisa C. Hernandez-Kelly, Arturo Ortega
Summary: Exposure to xenobiotics, especially the excessive release of the excitatory neurotransmitter l-glutamate, can have significant effects on brain physiology, potentially leading to excitotoxicity and neuronal death. This study investigates the role of dynamic DNA methylation triggered by glutamate in glial cells in modulating the expression and function of glial glutamate transporters.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Laura Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Helios Gallego-Gutierrez, Dolores Martin-Tapia, Jose Everardo Avelino-Cruz, Christian Hernandez-Guzman, Sergio Israel Rangel-Guerrero, Luis Marat Alvarez-Salas, Erika Garay, Bibiana Chavez-Munguia, Maria Concepcion Gutierrez-Ruiz, Dinorah Hernandez-Melchor, Esther Lopez-Bayghen, Lorenza Gonzalez-Mariscal
Summary: The study reveals that ZO-2 silencing is a common feature in hypertrophic conditions, affecting renal epithelial cells and liver in experimental models. ZO-2 plays a role in scaffolding the Hippo pathway, influencing LATS kinase activity and YAP nuclear localization. Treatment with metformin in obese rats results in increased ZO-2 expression in the liver, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for blood-bile barrier dysfunction.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Catya Jimenez-Torres, Mustapha Najimi, Arturo Ortega
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Zila Martinez-Lozada, Sandra J. Hewett, Francisco Zafra, Arturo Ortega
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Janisse Silva-Parra, Cristina Sandu, Marie-Paule Felder-Schmittbuhl, Luisa C. Hernandez-Kelly, Arturo Ortega
Summary: Glutamate is the major excitatory amino acid in the vertebrate brain, and its signaling is involved in most of the central nervous system functions. The regulation of its components, such as receptors, ion channels, and transporters, is crucial for proper glutamatergic transmission. Disruptions in these processes can lead to excitotoxic insults and contribute to neurodegenerative diseases.
NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Anup Bhusal, Arturo Ortega, Kyoungho Suk
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Rocio Suarez-Sanchez, Rodolfo Daniel Avila-Aviles, J. Manuel Hernandez-Hernandez, Daniel Sanchez-Celis, Cuauhtli N. Azotla-Vilchis, Enue R. Gomez-Macias, Norberto Leyva-Garcia, Arturo Ortega, Jonathan J. Magana, Bulmaro Cisneros, Oscar Hernandez-Hernandez
Summary: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cerebellar ataxia and retinopathy. The disease is caused by a CAG expansion in the ATXN7 gene, resulting in an extended polyglutamine tract in the ataxin-7 protein. This study examines the impact of the mutant RNA and its potential use as a blood biomarker for SCA7.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zila Martinez-Lozada, Arturo Ortega
Summary: Glutamate, as the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, plays a critical role in the central nervous system. The molecular cloning of its ionotropic receptors has greatly increased the interest in this neurotransmitter system. The characterization of glial glutamate receptors and the involvement of surrounding astrocytes in glutamate turnover have revealed the tripartite synapses. Understanding the molecular characterization of glutamate transporters has also highlighted the role of glial cells in glutamatergic synapses.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zila Martinez-Lozada, W. Todd Farmer, Alexandra L. Schober, Elizabeth Krizman, Michael B. Robinson, Keith K. Murai
Summary: Astrocytes play essential roles in the health and disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The interactions between astrocytes, neurons, and endothelial cells promote astrocytic maturation. The presence of both neurons and endothelial cells has a greater effect on maturation than either cell alone.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Andrea Ocharan-Mercado, Jaqueline Loaeza-Loaeza, Yaneth Castro-Coronel, Leonor C. Acosta-Saavedra, Luisa C. Hernandez-Kelly, Daniel Hernandez-Sotelo, Arturo Ortega
Summary: Despite efforts in treating neurodegenerative diseases, little is known at the molecular level. Neurons are sensitive to loss of gene expression control, and proper protein homeostasis is crucial. RNA-binding proteins play a key role in post-transcriptional control, and disruptions in their levels or function are linked to various neurodegenerative diseases. The connection between RBPs and neurodegenerative diseases opens up potential new therapeutic targets.
NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jzmin Soto-Verdugo, Janisse Siva-Parra, Luisa C. Hernandez-Kelly, Arturo Ortega
Summary: This study demonstrates that short-term exposure to Manganese affects protein synthesis, altering the protein repertoire of glial cells.
Article
Neurosciences
Dinorah Hernandez-Melchor, Leticia Ramirez-Martinez, Luis Cid, Cecilia Palafox-Gomez, Esther Lopez-Bayghen, Arturo Ortega
Summary: EAAT1/GLAST in glial cells down-regulates its expression and function at the transcriptional level by activating a signaling pathway that includes PI3K, PKC, and NF-kappa B, favoring the notion of an activity-dependent fine-tuning of glutamate recycling and its synaptic transactions through glial cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui-Ting Huang, Shun-Fen Tzeng
Summary: Our study demonstrates the role of interleukin-33 (IL-33) in a demyelinating mouse model induced by cuprizone (CPZ), showing that IL-33 can alleviate the reduction of APC+ OLs and the decline of IL-33 levels in the corpus callosum, and promote the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP).
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2024)