Article
Environmental Sciences
Ying Zhang, Chao Zhao, Hu Zhang, Qiang Lu, Jingjing Zhou, Ran Liu, Shizhi Wang, Yuepu Pu, Lihong Yin
Summary: The study revealed that copper pollution can cause trans-generational toxic effects on Caenorhabditis elegans and its offspring, affecting growth, neurons, oxidative stress response, and metal detoxification genes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeroen Dobbelaere, Tiffany Y. Su, Balazs Erdi, Alexander Schleiffer, Alexander Dammermann
Summary: Cilia are cellular projections that perform sensory and motile functions in eukaryotic cells. In this study, a set of 386 human genes associated with cilium assembly or motility were identified by analyzing the presence and absence pattern in the genomes of diverse eukaryotes. The novel genes were further characterized and found to be related to cilium defects in fruit flies and nematodes. This dataset defines the core set of genes required for cilium assembly and motility across eukaryotes and provides a valuable resource for future studies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiechen Yin, Xiang Hong, Jia Wang, Weixi Li, Yingchi Shi, Dayong Wang, Ran Liu
Summary: This study investigated the multi/trans-generational reproductive toxicity of the widely used herbicide Atrazine (ATR) using the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The results showed that ATR exposure during the parental generation led to decreased fecundity and delayed gonadal development, and continuous exposure caused increased reproductive toxicity in subsequent generations. The study also found that reproductive toxicity, but not developmental toxicity, can be passed on to multiple generations, with the second generation showing the most notable changes. Gene expression analysis and mutant experiments revealed the involvement of DNA methylation and histone H3 methylation in the transgenerational effects of ATR.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Suhayl Mulla, Adele R. Ludlam, Aiman Elragig, Cathy Slack, Zita Balklava, Michael Stich, Alex Cheong
Summary: Ageing research aims to identify factors that affect lifespan and understand their effects. This study introduces a bilogistic model to describe the shape of lifespan curves in Caenorhabditis elegans. The model provides a better fit to experimental data than other models, and can identify and confirm biphasic lifespan data.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mari Polkki, Markus J. Rantala
Summary: Exposure to environmental stressors like heavy metals causes intra- and trans-generational fitness costs, but individuals may acclimatize in contaminated conditions, potentially reducing fitness under uncontaminated conditions. These findings support the adaptive parental effects hypothesis, suggesting that parents may produce offspring that are more successful under conditions faced by the parents.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Fang Zhang, Liying Wang, Jiayu Jin, Yulu Pang, Hao Shi, Ziyi Fang, Han Wang, Yujie Du, Yufan Hu, Yingchun Zhang, Xiaoyue Ding, Zuobin Zhu
Summary: This study investigated the impact of Escherichia coli mutant strains on fruit fly lifespan and found that feeding E. coli purE strain resulted in the longest lifespan in fruit flies, which was also validated in Caenorhabditis elegans. RNA sequencing and analysis revealed that E. coli mutant strains affect lifespan by regulating protein synthesis rate and ATP levels. This research provides new insights into the genetic influences of gut microbiota on host lifespan and offers a foundation for developing anti-aging probiotics and drugs.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jing Zhang, Yungu Zheng, Zhenyang Yu
Summary: This study investigated the multi-generational effects of ofloxacin and norfloxacin on reproduction in Caenorhabditis elegans. The results showed fluctuating reproductive toxicities of these antibiotics across different generations. Further analysis revealed a closer connection between these reproductive toxicities and total cholesterol, progesterone, and testosterone. Additionally, significant trans-generational reproductive toxicities were observed in the great-granddaughter generation, indicating the impact of multi-generational exposure on reproductive health.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Gary R. Hime, Sophie L. A. Stonehouse, Terence Y. Pang
Summary: Mental illness continues to be the greatest chronic health burden globally, with psychiatry facing the challenge of addressing the needs of vulnerable individuals and subpopulations by continuously expanding knowledge. The majority of neuropsychiatric symptoms result from complex gene-environment interactions, with epigenetics playing a key role in bridging genetic susceptibility and environmental stressors. Preclinical models have shown that epigenetics is involved in the transgenerational inheritance of stress-related behavioral phenotypes, providing further evidence for heritability in humans.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xinlu Guo, Junjie Luo, Jingyi Qi, Xiya Zhao, Peng An, Yongting Luo, Guisheng Wang
Summary: The increasing elderly proportion of the population poses burdens on society, the economy, and the medical field. Polysaccharides have gained attention for their potential use in anti-aging therapies due to their natural and efficient biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulatory activities.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chan-Wei Yu, Tin Chi Luk, Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
Summary: The study reveals that long-term exposure to nanoplastics can lead to multi and transgenerational reproductive decline in Caenorhabditis elegans, potentially associated with germline toxicity and epigenetic regulation.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Anja Wagner, Markus Schosserer
Summary: RNA modifications play a regulatory role in gene expression, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and physiological consequences are still poorly understood. This review systematically examines different types of RNA modifications, analysis methods, challenges in the field, and associations with human diseases. Furthermore, evidence is compiled for the connection between RNA modification enzymes and lifespan in yeast, worms, and flies.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brecht Driesschaert, Lucas Mergan, Liesbet Temmerman
Summary: A mechanistic understanding of biology involves appreciating the spatiotemporal aspects of gene expression and its functional implications. Conditional gene expression allows reversible or irreversible switching of genes on or off, providing spatial and/or temporal control for a wider range of research questions across biological disciplines. The use of specific promoters, temperature regimens, compound addition, or illumination grants spatial and/or temporal control, particularly in invertebrate animal models, facilitating the study of biological processes on large scales in short time frames. Recent years have seen exciting expansion and optimization of genetic tool kits in these models, highlighting their mechanisms, applicability, benefits, drawbacks, and future developments.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jose Miguel Simoes, Joshua I. Levy, Emanuela E. Zaharieva, Leah T. Vinson, Peixiong Zhao, Michael H. Alpert, William L. Kath, Alessia Para, Marco Gallio
Summary: The study demonstrates that the avoidance of heat in fruit flies is not as hard-wired as previously believed, and actually exhibits unexpected plasticity. Fruit flies use small temperature differences between their antennae to steer away from thermal danger, suggesting that their heat avoidance behavior involves decision-making, rapid learning, and is robust to new conditions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weihan Sun, Yijian Lu, Heng Zhang, Jun Zhang, Xinyu Fang, Jianxun Wang, Mengyang Li
Summary: Mitochondrial non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression, protein import, and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis.
Article
Ecology
Carola Petersen, Alexandra Krahn, Matthias Leippe
Summary: Some small animals use other, more mobile animals to migrate from short-lived and resource-poor habitats. A study was conducted to determine if the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is attracted to invertebrates. It was found that C. elegans is attracted to the odor of Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Alyssa Kearly, Andrew D. L. Nelson, Aleksandra Skirycz, Monika Chodasiewicz
Summary: Stress Granules (SGs) and Processing-bodies (P-bodies) are important biomolecular condensates that play crucial roles in maintaining mRNA balance and regulating stress responses. They are composed of proteins and RNAs involved in translation, protein folding, and energy metabolism.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
P. Lemonnier, T. Lawson
Summary: Stomatal conductance plays a crucial role in determining CO2 uptake and water loss in plants, affecting overall water status and productivity. However, the signals coordinating mesophyll demands for CO2, the role of chloroplasts in stomatal function, and other GC metabolic processes in stomatal function remain poorly understood.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Matteo Gionfriddo, Timothy Rhodes, Spencer M. Whitney
Summary: Rubisco is a key enzyme that facilitates the entry of CO2 into the biosphere, but its catalytic properties are slow and error-prone. More effective Rubisco variants have been discovered in certain algae, offering the potential to significantly improve crop productivity. However, incompatibilities in protein folding have hindered the transplantation of these variants into plants. Directed evolution is now being explored to enhance Rubisco catalysis.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Vittoria Clapero, Stephanie Arrivault, Mark Stitt
Summary: The Calvin-Benson cycle has undergone massive selection and co-evolution with carbon-concentrating mechanisms due to changing environmental factors. Metabolite profiling reveals species-specific variations in the operation of the cycle, indicating the influence of different modes of photosynthesis. Connectivity analysis identifies constraints and driving factors for cross-species diversity in the cycle.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Sukhbir Kaur, David D. Roberts
Summary: Thrombospondin-1 modulates cell behavior by interacting with components of the extracellular matrix and cell surface receptors. Its release and expression are influenced by injuries and various diseases, while its sustained presence in the extracellular space is regulated by receptor-mediated clearance. Thrombospondin-1 plays important roles in immune responses.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Richard P. Tucker, Josephine C. Adams
Summary: Thrombospondins (TSPs) play diverse roles in animals and have been found to belong to a superfamily that includes different subgroups such as mega-TSPs, sushi-TSPs, and poriferan-TSPs. Invertebrates encode a greater diversity of TSP superfamily members than vertebrates.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
James Petrik, Sylvia Lauks, Bianca Garlisi, Jack Lawler
Summary: Many cancers start with a small nest of transformed cells that can remain dormant. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) initially promotes dormancy by suppressing angiogenesis, but over time, factors promoting angiogenesis become dominant and recruit various cells to form a complex tumor microenvironment. TSPs play a role in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells in the tumor microenvironment, as well as influencing the immune characteristics and phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Hana Fakim, Christine Vande Velde
Summary: There has been increasing attention to the role of phase-separated biomolecular condensates, specifically stress granules, in neurodegenerative diseases like ALS. ALS-associated mutations in genes involved in stress granule assembly have been found, and stress granule proteins have been detected in pathological inclusions in ALS patient neurons. However, protein components of stress granules are also present in other physiological biomolecular condensates, which have not been adequately discussed in relation to ALS. This review explores the functions of TDP-43 and FUS in physiological condensates occurring in the nucleus and neurites beyond stress granules, and discusses the impact of ALS-linked mutations on their ability to phase separate and perform their functions in stress-independent biomolecular condensates.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Alexander Lin, Yogambha Ramaswamy, Ashish Misra
Summary: Smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages in blood vessels display remarkable heterogeneity, and their developmental origins may influence their plasticity. Unbiased single cell whole transcriptome analysis techniques are revolutionizing the understanding of cellular diversity and plasticity, providing insights for therapeutic research.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Elton P. Hudson
Summary: The Calvin Benson cycle plays a crucial role in the ecological and biotechnological aspects of bacteria. Recent studies have shed light on the regulation of this cycle in bacteria, with post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation being important in phototrophic bacteria, and transcriptional regulation being prominent in chemolithoautotrophic bacteria. Understanding the regulation of the Calvin Benson cycle has implications for enhancing CO2 fixation and improving the synthesis of desired products. Non-canonical cycles may offer potential benefits for industrial applications.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Xin-Guang Zhu, Haim Treves, Honglong Zhao
Summary: This paper discusses the major regulatory mechanisms over the Calvin Benson Cycle (CBC) that maintain homeostasis of metabolite levels. These mechanisms include redox regulation of enzymes, metabolite regulations (especially allosteric regulations), and balanced activities of enzymes. These regulatory mechanisms are crucial for maintaining high flux and photosynthetic efficiency in CBC.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Hunter C. Herriage, Yi-Ting Huang, Brian R. Calvi
Summary: Apoptosis prevents the inappropriate acquisition of extra copies of the genome, known as polyploidy, but the polyploid state can suppress apoptosis. The mechanisms linking apoptosis and polyploid cell cycles are still largely unknown, and studying the regulation of apoptosis in development and cancer could lead to more effective therapies.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Daniel Campbell, Steven Zuryn
Summary: Mitochondrial dynamics play a crucial role in regulating cellular and organismal homeostasis, impacting various aspects of an organism's healthspan. By studying the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a comprehensive understanding of the impact of mitochondrial dynamics on homeostasis over a lifetime can be obtained.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Diba Borgmann, Henning Fenselau
Summary: Maintaining blood glucose at an appropriate physiological level requires coordination of multiple organs and tissues, with the vagus nerve playing a key role in central control. Recent studies have revealed the cellular identity, neuroanatomical organization, and functional contributions of vagal neurons in the regulation of systemic glucose metabolism. These findings provide new insights into the precise roles of vagal neurons in coordinating glucose levels and offer potential avenues for treating glucose metabolism disorders.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Cell Biology
Tatiana C. Coverdell, Stephen B. G. Abbott, John N. Campbell
Summary: In this article, we review how genetic technology and single-cell genomics are revealing the organizational principles of the efferent vagus in unprecedented detail.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)