Review
Food Science & Technology
Rebecca Mathews, YiFang Chu
Summary: This review analyzes the evidence from randomized controlled trials regarding the satiety perception of whole-grain oats, oat bran, and isolated beta-glucan. The findings suggest that whole-grain oats and oat bran are more effective at promoting satiety compared to other grain foods. Higher fiber and viscosity in oat products generally increase satiety perception. However, limited data on isolated beta-glucan make it difficult to draw clear conclusions. Increased fullness was found to be the most positive satiety measurement for whole-grain oat and oat bran products. However, the impact on short-term energy intake is inconsistent.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sashie Abeywickrema, Mei Peng
Summary: Recent studies have shown that exposure to different portion sizes can influence portion alterations in future meals. This study aimed to explore whether tableware sizes can also affect portion size perception and eating behavior. The results revealed significant changes in post-meal satiety and energy intake for participants served with small or large jars compared to medium-sized jars. While small tableware initially reduced energy intake, it led to increased intake at the following meal and overall daily energy intake. These findings suggest that small tableware may not be an effective long-term solution for addressing overeating and related health issues.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Raphaelle Jacob, Veronique Provencher, Shirin Panahi, Angelo Tremblay, Vicky Drapeau
Summary: This study aimed to assess if eating behaviours mediate the association between satiety responsiveness and energy intake. The results suggest that susceptibility to hunger and food cravings partly explain the susceptibility to overeating among individuals with low satiety responsiveness.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amna Shehzad, Roshina Rabail, Seemal Munir, Hamza Jan, Diego Fernandez-Lazaro, Rana Muhammad Aadil
Summary: This review examines the impact of oats on hunger hormones in obesity management. It suggests that oats have a positive effect on anthropometric measures and contain various beneficial components such as protein, fiber, healthy fats, and bioactive compounds. Some clinical studies support the use of oats in combating obesity and regulating appetite, while others show little or no significant effect.
CURRENT NUTRITION REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Monica Redondo-Puente, Raquel Mateos, Miguel A. Seguido, Joaquin Garcia-Cordero, Susana Gonzalez, Rosa M. Tarradas, Laura Bravo-Clemente, Beatriz Sarria
Summary: The combination of oat beta-glucans and green coffee may reduce hunger more efficiently than green coffee alone, according to subjective measurements. However, there were no significant differences in food intake between the two nutraceuticals.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Juliane Richter, Narona Thordsen, Kai Duysen, Kerstin M. Oltmanns
Summary: A low-calorie saccharide preload significantly reduces subsequent food intake and overall calorie consumption, indicating it could be a promising support for reducing caloric intake. This study suggests a potential strategy for weight loss by triggering feelings of satiety through oral ingestion of carbohydrates.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Molly R. Gallop, Victoria C. Wilson, Anthony W. Ferrante
Summary: This study suggests that high-fat diets disrupt the defense mechanism of body weight, leading to weight gain. Moreover, a palatable, high-fat diet can increase food intake and alter feeding behavior in relation to post-oral sensing of percent calories from fat.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Elizabeth S. Greene, Nedra Abdelli, Jalila S. Dridi, Sami Dridi
Summary: This review provides an overview of the expression and regulatory effects of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, with a special emphasis on the distribution and function of peripherally expressed NPY. While there have been extensive studies on centrally expressed NPY, more research is needed to fully understand the functions of peripherally expressed NPY, especially in non-mammalian species.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sevag Hamamah, Arman Amin, Abdul Latif Al-Kassir, Judith Chuang, Mihai Covasa
Summary: Obesity is a complex disease that is becoming more prevalent worldwide. Recent research suggests that changes in gut microbiota, influenced by the consumption of dietary fats, play a key role in the development of obesity. These alterations in gut microbiota can affect important satiation signals, leading to hyperphagia and obesity. This review discusses the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences satiation signals, the effects of dietary interventions on gut microbiota and satiety signals, and microbiota optimizing therapies to combat obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marta Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor, Katarzyna Jowik, Agata Dutkiewicz, Agata Krasinska, Natalia Pytlinska, Monika Dmitrzak-Weglarz, Marta Suminska, Agata Pruciak, Bogda Skowronska, Agnieszka Slopien
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of NPY and PYY in adolescents with anorexia nervosa and obesity, revealing lower NPY levels in AN and OB groups and higher PYY levels in the OB group. The severity of eating disorder symptoms predicted the concentration of NPY.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Angela M. Horgan, Gundula R. Palmbach, Julia M. Jordan, Holly S. Callahan, Kaatje E. Meeuws, David S. Weigle, Mario Kratz, Jonathan Q. Purnell
Summary: This study investigated the effect of an off-protocol meal on total caloric consumption, hunger, and satiety in a long-term ad libitum feeding study. The results showed that the off-protocol meal increased daily caloric intake without affecting appetite ratings. There was a slight reduction in intake the following day, but no change in appetite scores. Protein intake was inversely associated with daily caloric intake.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lucia Camacho-Barcia, Jesus Garcia-Gavilan, Christopher Papandreou, Thea T. Hansen, Jo A. Harrold, Graham Finlayson, John E. Blundell, Anders Sjodin, Jason C. G. Halford, Monica Bullo
Summary: The study identified a positive association between higher levels of glycine and linoleic acid and postprandial satiety in overweight and obese individuals. Conversely, sucrose and certain sphingomyelins were negatively associated with satiety sensations. The correlations between metabolomic profiles and satiety sensations were moderate but consistent in two different appetite assessments.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yermek Rakhat, Kentaro Kaneko, Lei Wang, Wanxin Han, Yutaka Seino, Daisuke Yabe, Toshihiko Yada
Summary: d-allulose can suppress hunger-associated feeding and inhibit hunger-promoting neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus.
Article
Neurosciences
Myrtille C. R. Gumbs, Leslie Eggels, Anna H. Vuuregge, Unga A. Unmehopa, Joram D. Mul, Susanne E. la Fleur
Summary: This study found that the effects of intra-LHA NPY on caloric intake vary depending on the consumption of a fat or sugar component in a free-choice diet. The study also revealed that baseline preference for the fat diet component modulates the effects of intra-LHA NPY in rats fed with a free-choice high-fat and high-sugar diet.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mitchell A. Head, Laura K. McColl, Anica Klockars, Allen S. Levine, Pawel K. Olszewski
Summary: A recent study found that the combination of oxytocin and naltrexone effectively reduces appetite in adolescent male rats. The treatment suppresses feeding induced by energy and palatability without affecting water intake or causing a conditioned taste aversion.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Breanna Lepre, Kylie J. Mansfield, Eleanor J. Beck
Summary: This qualitative study aimed to explore the work roles, attitudes, barriers, and enablers in the delivery of nutrition care among a cohort of Australian and UK doctors. The study found that doctors acknowledged the importance of nutrition in medical care but lacked the necessary knowledge and training. They also identified limitations in the current healthcare system. Efforts to improve nutrition capacity in the medical workforce and increase investments in primary prevention are needed.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Georgina M. Williams, Linda C. Tapsell, Eleanor J. Beck
Summary: This study investigates dietitians' perspectives on the relationship between diet and gut health, as well as the current and emerging role of dietetics practice in this area. It finds that the current evidence is insufficient to guide practice change and that dietitians lack confidence in their management of gut microbiome-related issues. However, they show a strong commitment to evidence-based practice and seek out evidence-based information.
NUTRITION & DIETETICS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Georgina M. Williams, Linda C. Tapsell, Eleanor J. Beck
Summary: This study aimed to explore consumer perceptions regarding dietary behaviours related to the gut microbiome, in order to assist in the effective translation of research to practice. Findings from online focus groups highlighted several key themes, including the association of gut health with overall well-being, divergent perceptions of the impact of diet on gut health, the limited influence of scientific evidence on dietary behaviour, and the impact of gastrointestinal symptoms on dietary choices.
NUTRITION & DIETETICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fenfen Sun, Wenting Hao, Xianran Meng, Daxiang Xu, Xiangyang Li, Kuiyang Zheng, Yinghua Yu, Dahui Wang, Wei Pan
Summary: The study demonstrates that PPC can alleviate synovial inflammation by up-regulating PTEN, inhibiting AKT/PI3K pathway, and blocking glycolysis.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mingxuan Zheng, Xiaoying Yang, Qingyuan Wu, Yuying Gong, Ning Pang, Xing Ge, Nathan Nagaratnam, Pengfei Jiang, Menglu Zhou, Tao Hu, Hui Hua, Kuiyang Zheng, Xu-Feng Huang, Yinghua Yu
Summary: This study demonstrates that butyrate, a dietary fiber metabolite of gut microbiota, improves hepatic lipid metabolism through the GPR41/43-CaMKII/HDAC1-CREB pathway. It also shows that dietary butyrate supplementation can ameliorate hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat and fiber-deficient diet.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marta Guasch-Ferre, Anne-Julie Tessier, Kristina S. Petersen, Philip A. Sapp, Linda C. Tapsell, Jordi Salas-Salvado, Emilio Ros, Penny M. Kris-Etherton
Summary: In this comprehensive review, the authors summarize the current knowledge on the effects of nut consumption on blood lipids and lipoproteins. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials consistently show that most nuts, including walnuts, almonds, cashews, peanuts, and pistachios, have a beneficial effect on total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides. However, no effect on HDL-cholesterol is observed. Preliminary evidence suggests that adding nuts to the regular diet improves ApoB levels and HDL function. The evidence indicates that nut-enriched diets are associated with a reduced number of total LDL particles and small, dense LDL particles.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Angelo Sabag, Lauren Houston, Elizabeth P. Neale, Hannah E. Christie, Lauren A. Roach, Joanna Russell, Colin H. Cortie, Marijka Batterham, Barbara J. Meyer, Monique E. Francois
Summary: This study investigated how women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) manage their condition and identified the primary supports and barriers to lifestyle intervention participation. The results showed that most women manage their blood glucose levels through diet and face significant barriers such as lack of time and childcare commitments.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Linda Tapsell, Joan Sabate, Raquel Martinez, Marc Llavanera, Elizabeth Neale, Albert Salas-Huetos
Summary: Nuts are integral in dietary patterns associated with lower chronic disease risk, and their consumption is essential for human health. With the current focus on plant-based diets due to climate change, nuts provide a sustainable and minimally processed source of protein. Research in this area aims to improve production methods and investigate the environmental and human health impacts of nut consumption.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Elizabeth P. Neale, Vinicius Do Rosario, Yasmine Probst, Eleanor Beck, Thai Binh Tran, Kelly Lambert
Summary: Lifestyle interventions have a positive effect on risk factors for progression of CKD and quality of life, including improvements in kidney function, albuminuria, blood pressure, and body weight. However, the impact on estimated glomerular filtration rate is not significant. The evidence supporting these findings is of low certainty due to biases and inconsistencies.
Article
Neurosciences
Samara J. Brown, Katerina Christofides, Christin Weissleder, Xu-Feng Huang, Cynthia Shannon Weickert, Chai K. Lim, Kelly A. Newell
Summary: This study found that the kynurenine pathway (KP) in the brains of individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) undergoes changes, with decreased KYNA levels in female patients. In addition, suicide victims with MDD also had significantly decreased KYNA levels, which may be related to increased KYAT2 mRNA.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Nazy Zarshenas, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka Batterham, Elizabeth P. Neale, Michael L. Talbot
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of zinc and copper abnormalities in Australian bariatric patients and found that post-operative adherence to multivitamin supplementation containing copper and zinc can reduce the occurrence of abnormalities. However, patients with gastrointestinal symptoms are more likely to experience abnormalities.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Andrew Bonney, Conrad Kobel, Judy Mullan, Christine Metusela, Joel J. Rhee, Stephen Barnett, Marijka Batterham
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate a scalable online quality improvement intervention in Australian general practitioners, which included online education on a national shared electronic health record and rational prescribing, pathology, and imaging ordering.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jessica G. Bartschi, Lisa-Marie Greenwood, Amy Montgomery, Lon Dortants, Katrina Weston-Green, Xu-Feng Huang, Nagesh Pai, Jan Potter, Mark M. Schira, Rodney Croft, Nadia Solowij
Summary: This trial aims to investigate the effects of CBD on neuroanatomical and psychological outcomes in individuals with early-stage dementia, with the potential to provide a novel and accessible treatment approach for this condition.
CANNABIS AND CANNABINOID RESEARCH
(2023)
