Article
Agronomy
Shuo Liu, Yu Bao, Hui Deng, Guanqing Liu, Yangshuo Han, Yuechao Wu, Tao Zhang, Chen Chen
Summary: DNA methylation is a crucial epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression and genome stability. The methylation inhibitor, AzaD, can effectively reduce genome-wide hypomethylation and cause a series of epigenetic variations.
Article
Surgery
Rachael A. Clark, Micah Newton, Jingbo Qiao, Sora Lee, Dai H. Chung
Summary: In this study, re-expression of alpha-N-catenin in retinoic acid-resistant neuroblastoma cells was found to enhance sensitivity to retinoic acid treatment, which is epigenetically controlled by histone deacetylase. This discovery suggests that combination treatment with Trichostatin A and retinoic acid may improve survival among children with high-risk, retinoic acid-resistant neuroblastoma.
Article
Oncology
Gordon Greville, Esther Llop, Jane Howard, Stephen F. Madden, Antoinette S. Perry, Rosa Peracaula, Pauline M. Rudd, Amanda McCann, Radka Saldova
Summary: This study demonstrates that the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-AZA-dC can increase branching and sialylation of N-glycans in cancer cells, and regulates glycosyltransferases through GATA transcription factors. Treated cells, especially in chemo-sensitive cell lines, showed increased migration and apoptotic markers. The findings provide insight into the impact of epigenetic alterations on cancer cell glycosylation.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isis Salviano Soares de Amorim, Juliana Alves Rodrigues, Pedro Nicolau, Sandra Konig, Carolina Panis, Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca, Andre Luiz Mencalha
Summary: This study investigated the molecular effects of DNA methyltransferase inhibitor in response to treatment in normoxia and hypoxia in breast cancer model. It was found that the inhibitor upregulated proinflammatory pathways, with a greater effect observed in normoxia than hypoxia. Specifically, NF-kappa B expression increased only in normoxia after treatment with the inhibitor, suggesting a potential context-dependent impact on inflammatory response in the tumor microenvironment.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Bei Wang, Chongyang Zhang, Congci Yu, Yue Zhu, Qing Tang, He Huang, Zhendong Zhao
Summary: The study reveals that EV71 infection leads to cleavage of INF2, a key factor in ER-Mitochondria communication, possibly involved in the formation of viral replication organelles and serves as a positive feedback regulatory mechanism of mitochondrial disorders caused by EV71 infection.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Reem Miari, Naiel Azzam, Rinat Bar-Shalom, Fuad Fares
Summary: 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine has shown effectiveness in treating HPV(-) HNSCC by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Future studies are needed to clarify the molecular mechanism of action of 5-AzaD in HPV(-) cancer cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei-Shan Wu, Chih-Yang Wang, Hao-Jen Hsu, Jui-Hung Yen, Ming-Jiuan Wu
Summary: The compound 8-hydroxydaidzein (8-OHD) has been found to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. It downregulates the expression of AML-associated genes and interacts with key proteins involved in cell proliferation. Furthermore, a synergistic effect is observed when 8-OHD is used in combination with cytarabine (Ara-C), a standard chemotherapy drug for AML.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marie-Anais Locquet, Gabriel Ichim, Joseph Bisaccial, Aurelie Dutour, Serge Lebeque, Marie Castets, Kathrin Weber
Summary: In cancer cells, activation of TLR3 without Caspase-8 can trigger a new form of cell death that is distinct from classical apoptosis. This type of cell death is associated with lysosomal permeabilization, which occurs upstream of caspase activation and represents a default death mechanism in the absence of Caspase-8.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jia-yuan Zhang, Bo Zhou, Ru-yue Sun, Yuan-li Ai, Kang Cheng, Fu-nan Li, Bao-rui Wang, Fan-jian Liu, Zhi-hong Jiang, Wei-jia Wang, Dawang Zhou, Hang-zi Chen, Qiao Wu
Summary: Pyroptosis is induced by alpha-ketoglutarate through caspase-8-mediated cleavage of GSDMC. This process involves elevation of ROS levels leading to oxidation of DR6 and endocytosis, ultimately resulting in pyroptosis. The acidic environment and production of L-2HG play a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of alpha-KG-induced pyroptosis in cancer cells.
Article
Virology
Liumei Sun, Huan Chen, Xin Ming, Zongyi Bo, Hyun-Jin Shin, Yong-Sam Jung, Yingjuan Qian
Summary: The study revealed that PEDV infection induces the formation of stress granules (SGs) but this ability is lost as infection progresses. The cleavage of Ras-GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) by caspase-8 during PEDV infection was identified, and cleavage-resistant G3BP1 inhibited viral replication while knockdown of G3BP1 enhanced viral replication. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of PEDV infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yifan Lu, Gayani Nanayakkara, Yu Sun, Lu Liu, Keman Xu, Charles Drummer, Ying Shao, Fatma Saaoud, Eric T. Choi, Xiaohua Jiang, Hong Wang, Xiaofeng Yang
Summary: LPC induces nuclear localization of pro-caspase-1 in HAECs, where it can re-export to the cytosol through specific mechanisms. Combination of LPC with NES inhibitor promotes inflammatory gene expression, triggering inflammation through different pathways.
Article
Immunology
Jing Chen, Yi Zhou, Erpeng Zhu, Peng Yang, Mei Li, Shuangxiang Zhang, Jun Yue, Ming Wen, Kaigong Wang, Zhentao Cheng
Summary: The study reveals that MO infection induces time-dependent apoptosis in cultured MH-S cells, activating caspase-8-dependent extrinsic pathway and p53- and ROS-dependent intrinsic mitochondrial pathways. MO infection also enhances transcription and translation of proinflammatory cytokine genes, suggesting a potential link between MO-induced inflammation and apoptotic cell death.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuangquan Wen, Li Wang, Wenhua Zhang, Mingchang Xu, Ruilong Song, Hui Zou, Jianhong Gu, Jianchun Bian, Yan Yuan, Zongping Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that in rat cerebral cortical neurons, the mechanisms underlying Cd-induced Fas-mediated activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway involve the activation of caspase-8 and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Cuicui Liu, Tianfeng Yang, Cheng Cheng, Jian Huo, Xiuhong Peng, Yanmin Zhang
Summary: Neuroblastoma and glioblastoma are primary malignant tumors of the nervous system with limited treatment options. This study demonstrates that Oct4 and Shh co-activation can induce stemness properties in these tumor cells, and a natural product called dauricine can attenuate this stemness and inhibit cell growth by blocking AKT/beta-catenin signaling. These findings suggest that dauricine could be a potential therapeutic method for neuroblastoma and glioblastoma.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Pediatrics
Consolato M. Sergi
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC UROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Consolato M. Sergi, Susan Gilmour
Summary: The diagnosis of biliary atresia remains challenging, and the focus of research is to identify the etiology and shift from symptomatic to curative treatment. Genetic factors may play a role in the occurrence of this hepatobiliary disease. This review highlights the complexities of the disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Consolato M. Sergi
Summary: Biomarkers have gained importance in diagnosis and prediction. SMARCB1, a molecule associated with sucrose metabolism, has a wide range of tumors. Reduced SMARCB1 expression is correlated with poor response and survival in osteosarcoma patients, according to Guo et al.'s study.
BIOSCIENCE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marcia Cirino Ballantyne, Brian Chiu, Consolato M. Sergi
Summary: This article reports two atypical presentations of mucopolysaccharidosis type III and provides evidence of cardiac involvement. Two siblings with Sanfilippo A syndrome were diagnosed in childhood, and one of them underwent a heart transplant at the age of 45 due to end-stage heart failure. The study of heart specimens revealed a thin right ventricular free wall, leading to a differential diagnosis with other cardiac diseases.
CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Reem J. Abdualmjid, Consolato M. Sergi
Summary: This study investigated the anti-tumor effects of thymoquinone (TQ), derived from Nigella sativa, on hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. The results showed that TQ suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for these types of cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrey V. Kuznetsov, Michael J. Ausserlechner
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Irene Donato, Kiran K. Velpula, Andrew J. Tsung, Jack A. Tuszynski, Consolato M. Sergi
Summary: This study proposes a mathematical and computational approach to diagnose neuroblastoma by calculating image entropy, fractal dimension, and lacunarity. The method is able to automatically predict tumor malignancy and may challenge the current classification of neuroblastoma.
Article
Oncology
Verena Wieser, Irina Tsibulak, Daniel Uwe Reimer, Alain Gustave Zeimet, Heidelinde Fiegl, Hubert Hackl, Christian Marth
Summary: This study investigated the expression of angiogenesis-related genes in ovarian cancer and their association with the response to bevacizumab therapy. The findings suggest that tumoral expression of PDGFA and a high transcriptional angiogenesis score are independent predictors of clinical outcome in ovarian cancer patients.
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Deborah Minzaghi, Petra Pavel, Christopher Kremslehner, Florian Gruber, Sophie Oberreiter, Judith Hagenbuchner, Barbara Del Frari, Stefan Blunder, Robert Gruber, Sandrine Dubrac
Summary: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex disease characterized by chronic recurring eczema and pruritus. This study found that AD patients have oxidative and mitochondrial stress in the skin, as well as reduced antioxidant response, which further exacerbates the pathological changes in the skin.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Elisabeth Hoerner, Ottokar Stundner, Heidi Fiegl, Lukas Gasteiger
Summary: The addition of adjuvants to local anesthetics is a common practice in clinical routine. This study investigated the occurrence and changes of crystallization in short-acting or intermediate-acting LA-adjuvant mixtures, and its association with the solutions' pH. The results showed high grades of crystallization in lidocaine/mepivacaine-bicarbonate and mepivacaine-dexamethasone mixtures, calling into question the safety of these formulations for later use.
REGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND PAIN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Josef Hager, Consolato M. Sergi
Summary: Factors such as population migration, tourism, dog translocations, and poor hygiene practices contribute to the spread of echinococcosis. Prompt diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE) should be considered when a cyst-like mass is found in the liver or lung of individuals with a history of exposure to sheepdogs in endemic areas. Routine imaging techniques and serologic investigations are used for detection and confirmation. Treatment options for pediatric echinococcosis include drug therapy and surgical interventions.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Consolato M. Sergi
Summary: Road accidents involving dangerous chemical compounds pose a hazard to public health worldwide. This commentary briefly reviews a recent event in East Palestine, Ohio and discusses one of the chemicals involved, which has a predisposition to initiate a carcinogenic process. The author, as a consultant for the International Agency for Research on Cancer, has reviewed numerous chemical compounds.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Consolato M. Sergi, Deborah Spencer, Taher Al-Jishi
Summary: This article summarizes the most frequent findings discussed at multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings, including pathological findings of stillbirth and the importance of the placenta.
JOURNAL OF LABORATORY PHYSICIANS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
H. Fiegl, L. Hovdar, F. Handle, F. Santer, I Tsibulak, V Wieser, M. J. Ausserlechner, S. Schnaiter, A. G. Zeimet, C. Marth
GEBURTSHILFE UND FRAUENHEILKUNDE
(2023)
Letter
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Consolato M. Sergi, Tomy Mullur
ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
(2023)