Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chunhua Chen, Shiheng Li, Junli Xue, Manlong Qi, Xin Liu, Yan Huang, Jinghua Hu, Haidong Dong, Kun Ling
Summary: The study reveals that PD-L1 promotes EMT in TNBC by inhibiting the destruction of Snail. PD-L1 antibodies restrict TNBC progression by targeting the PD-L1/Snail pathway. Targeting both intratumoral and extratumoral functions of PD-L1 shows a strong synergistic tumor suppression effect in a TNBC mouse model.
Article
Cell Biology
Kiyoto Nishi, Akira Yoshii, Lauren Abell, Bo Zhou, Ricardo Frausto, Julia Ritterhoff, Timothy S. McMillen, Ian Sweet, Yibin Wang, Chen Gao, Rong Tian
Summary: It was found that deficiency of Ppm1k leads to reduced metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and protects against obesity-induced glucose intolerance. Accumulation of branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs) inhibits glucose production in liver cells. It was observed that BCKAs suppress the activity of liver mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) and pyruvate-supported respiration. Selective suppression of pyruvate-supported gluconeogenesis was seen in Ppm1k-deficient mice and could be restored through pharmacological activation of BCKA catabolism by BT2. Furthermore, liver MPC was found to be most sensitive to circulating BCKA levels, making it a sensor of BCAA metabolism.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shailee Jani, Daniel Da Eira, Ishvinder Hadday, George Bikopoulos, Arta Mohasses, Ricardo A. de Pinho, Rolando B. Ceddia
Summary: The study found that a high-fat diet led to accumulation of DAG and ceramides, activation of PKC, and induction of inflammatory pathways in a fiber type-specific manner.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Natalia N. Bezborodkina, Sergey V. Okovityi, Boris N. Kudryavtsev
Summary: The study indicated that liver cirrhosis caused by chronic hepatitis results in alterations in glycogen metabolism, leading to a significant increase in glycogen content in hepatocytes in both humans and rats. This increase may be attributed to a decrease in glycogenolysis due to reduced activity of G6Pase and GP.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sonia Yun Liu, Shemil P. Macelline, Peter V. Chrystal, Peter H. Selle
Summary: This review discusses the impact of reduced-crude protein diets on the environment, global chicken-meat industry, and nutritional needs of chickens. It emphasizes the importance of reducing amino acid imbalances and increasing non-essential amino acids, while also exploring the possible influence of starch on insulin secretion.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Frederik J. Link, Jerry Y. Y. Heng
Summary: The introduction of l-arginine and l-leucine as soft templates significantly enhances the nucleation of human insulin, while l-glycine does not have the same effect. This indicates that the intermolecular interactions between protein and amino acid residues play a crucial role in nucleation enhancement. Additionally, the increase in insulin solubility in amino acid-rich solutions suggests that the nucleation enhancement is not thermodynamically driven.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shizhe Zhang, Xueyan Lin, Qiuling Hou, Zhiyong Hu, Yun Wang, Zhonghua Wang
Summary: mTORC1 integrates various signal inputs to regulate cell growth and proliferation, with amino acids having a unique pathway of modulation. Recent advances have elucidated the transmission mechanism of amino acid signals upstream of mTORC1.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Imen Becetti, Meghan Lauze, Hang Lee, Miriam A. Bredella, Madhusmita Misra, Vibha Singhal
Summary: This study found that adults with obesity experience a reduction in branched-chain amino acid levels following metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), which may contribute to the metabolic advantages of MBS. The study also suggests that reducing dietary intake and serum branched-chain amino acid concentrations may reduce insulin resistance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clement Bodineau, Mercedes Tome, Sarah Courtois, Ana S. H. Costa, Marco Sciacovelli, Benoit Rousseau, Elodie Richard, Pierre Vacher, Carlos Parejo-Perez, Emilie Bessede, Christine Varon, Pierre Soubeyran, Christian Frezza, Piedad del Socorro Murdoch, Victor H. Villar, Raul Duran
Summary: In this study, the authors demonstrate that reactivation of AMPK can inhibit glutamine-dependent activation of mTORC1 and glutamoptosis, revealing a dual metabolic connection between glutamine metabolism and mTORC1 through two pathways. This finding has significant implications for the design of future therapeutic strategies for diseases such as cancer.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iliana Lopez-Soldado, Joan J. J. Guinovart, Jordi Duran
Summary: This study demonstrates that increasing liver glycogen stores can reduce appetite and improve glucose tolerance in mice fed a high-fat diet. The researchers overexpressed a non-inactivatable form of glycogen synthase specifically in the liver, resulting in increased hepatic glycogen content in mice. These mice exhibited a preserved hepatic energy state, reduced food intake, lower body weight and fat mass, and improved glucose tolerance compared to control mice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Gautam Bandyopadhyay, Kechun Tang, Nicholas J. G. Webster, Geert van den Bogaart, Sushil K. Mahata
Summary: Catestatin (CST), a peptide derived from Chromogranin A, promotes hepatic glycogen synthesis by reducing glucose production, increasing glycogen synthesis, inhibiting glycogenolysis, and enhancing downstream insulin signaling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claudia Sepulveda-Quinenao, Juan M. Rodriguez, Francisco Diaz-Castro, Andrea del Campo, Roberto Bravo-Sagua, Rodrigo Troncoso
Summary: The study investigates the impact of glucocorticoid receptor beta on glucose uptake and storage in hepatocytes, showing that GR beta overexpression inhibits the induction of gluconeogenic genes by dexamethasone and has insulin-like actions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Nicolas Collao, Paul Akohene-Mensah, Julian Nallabelli, Emileigh R. Binet, Ali Askarian, Jessica Lloyd, Grace M. Niemiro, Joseph W. Beals, Stephan van Vliet, Rashida Rajgara, Aisha Saleh, Nadine Wiper-Bergeron, Scott A. Paluska, Nicholas A. Burd, Michael De Lisio
Summary: This study investigates the role of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) in muscle regeneration and myogenesis. The results suggest that LAT1 is expressed by myoblasts and is involved in normal myogenesis in vitro. The findings provide insight into the regulation of muscle remodeling by dietary factors.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shiva Greenhalgh, Shemil P. Macelline, Peter Chrystal, Sonia Yun Liu, Peter H. Selle
Summary: Increasing the inclusion of branched chain amino acids in reduced-protein diets did not benefit broiler growth performance, and different levels of branched chain amino acids had varied effects on broiler growth and fat accumulation.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Thomas Grenier-Larouche, Lydia Coulter Kwee, Yann Deleye, Paola Leon-Mimila, Jacquelyn M. Walejko, Robert W. McGarrah, Simon Marceau, Sylvain Trahan, Christine Racine, Andre C. Carpentier, Aldons J. Lusis, Olga Ilkayeva, Marie-Claude Vohl, Adriana Huertas-Vazquez, Andre Tchernof, Svati H. Shah, Christopher B. Newgard, Phillip J. White
Summary: This study found that increased levels of BCKA in the blood and hepatic expression of BCKDK are associated with the presence and severity of NAFLD/NASH in humans. SREBP1 has been identified as a transcriptional regulator of BCKDK.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aaron Hengist, Russell G. Davies, Peter J. Rogers, Jeff M. Brunstrom, Luc J. C. van Loon, Jean-Philippe Walhin, Dylan Thompson, Francoise Koumanov, James A. Betts, Javier T. Gonzalez
Summary: Restricting sugar or total dietary carbohydrate does not modulate physical activity level or energy intake when energy density is controlled for.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Lisanne H. P. Houben, Maarten Overkamp, Puck Van Kraaij, Jorn Trommelen, Joep G. H. Van Roermund, Peter De Vries, Kevin De Laet, Saskia van der Meer, Ulla R. Mikkelsen, Lex B. Verdijk, Luc J. C. Van Loon, Sandra Beijer, Milou Beelen
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effects of 20 wk resistance exercise training with or without protein supplementation on body composition, muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance, and aerobic capacity in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The results showed that resistance exercise training can counteract the adverse effects of ADT on body composition, muscle mass, muscle strength, and aerobic capacity, while protein supplementation did not provide additional benefits.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Evelyn B. Parr, Imre W. K. Kouw, Michael J. Wheeler, Bridget E. Radford, Rebecca C. Hall, Joan M. Senden, Joy P. B. Goessens, Luc J. C. van Loon, John A. Hawley
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of time-restricted eating (TRE) on integrated skeletal muscle myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) rates in males with overweight/obesity. The study found no significant difference in daily MyoPS rates between the TRE group and the control group, but the TRE group had lower total blood glucose levels, greater total body mass reduction, and more lean mass loss. These findings suggest that time-restricted eating may have potential benefits for health management, but further research is needed.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Maarten Overkamp, Lisanne H. P. Houben, Saskia van der Meer, Joep G. H. van Roermund, Ronald Bos, Arjan P. J. Kokshoorn, Mads S. Larsen, Luc J. C. van Loon, Milou Beelen, Sandra Beijer
Summary: The study aimed to assess the adverse impact of androgen deprivation therapy on body composition, physical performance, cardiometabolic health, and health-related quality-of-life in prostate cancer patients. The findings showed that after 5 months of therapy, patients experienced declines in body fat mass, muscle mass, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, metabolic parameters, habitual physical activity, and health-related quality-of-life, suggesting that androgen deprivation therapy has adverse effects on patients.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luuk Hilkens, Marleen Boerboom, Nick van Schijndel, Judith Bons, Luc J. C. van Loon, Jan-Willem van Dijk
Summary: This study examined whether collagen supplementation enhances the effects of high-impact exercise on bone metabolism and whether increasing exercise frequency provides greater benefits. The results showed that 5 minutes of daily high-impact exercise can stimulate bone formation, but collagen supplementation or increased exercise frequency does not further increase bone formation.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Cas J. Fuchs, Remco Kuipers, Jan A. Rombouts, Kim Brouwers, Vera B. Schrauwen-Hinderling, Joachim E. Wildberger, Lex B. Verdijk, Luc J. C. van Loon
Summary: This study assessed the differences in muscle group volumes between young and older males and found that the most significant differences were observed in the thigh muscle group, with the quadriceps femoris showing the largest difference in muscle volume between young and older men. Overall, young men have larger muscle volumes compared to older men.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maarten Overkamp, Lisanne H. P. Houben, Thorben Aussieker, Janneau M. X. van Kranenburg, Philippe J. M. Pinckaers, Ulla R. Mikkelsen, Milou Beelen, Sandra Beijer, Luc J. C. van Loon, Tim Snijders
Summary: ADT reduces skeletal muscle mass in prostate cancer patients, but resistance exercise training can offset this effect.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Heather L. Petrick, Rachel M. Handy, Bayley Vachon, Sara M. Frangos, Andrew M. Holwerda, Annemarie P. Gijsen, Joan M. Senden, Luc J. C. van Loon, Graham P. Holloway
Summary: Muscle disuse decreases muscle protein synthesis rates and induces atrophy, while nitrate supplementation can improve mitochondrial function. This study found that nitrate intake could prevent the decline in mitochondrial function caused by muscle disuse, but it was not able to prevent muscle atrophy.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Thorben Aussieker, Luuk Hilkens, Andrew m. Holwerda, Cas j. Fuchs, Lisanne h. p. Houben, Joan m. Senden, Jan-willem VAN Dijk, Tim Snijders, Luc j. c. VAN Loon
Summary: This study assessed the impact of whey protein and collagen protein on postexercise protein synthesis rates. The results showed that whey protein increased myofibrillar protein synthesis rates, but had no effect on muscle connective protein synthesis rates. Collagen protein did not further increase muscle connective protein synthesis rates during the early stages of postexercise recovery in recreational athletes.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jorn Trommelen, Glenn A. A. van Lieshout, Pardeep Pabla, Jean Nyakayiru, Floris K. K. Hendriks, Joan M. M. Senden, Joy P. B. Goessens, Janneau M. X. van Kranenburg, Annemie P. P. Gijsen, Lex B. B. Verdijk, Lisette C. P. G. M. de Groot, Luc J. C. van Loon
Summary: Pre-sleep ingestion of casein and whey protein increases overnight muscle protein synthesis rates after exercise.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Devin G. McCarthy, Jack Bone, Matthew Fong, Phillippe J. M. Pinckaers, William Bostad, Douglas L. Richards, Luc J. C. van Loon, Martin J. Gibala
Summary: The effect of acute ketone monoester (KE) supplementation on exercise performance is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the difference in mean power output during a 20-min cycling time trial (TT) after KE ingestion compared to a placebo (PL). Twenty-three trained cyclists completed two trials with either KE or PL ingestion. The results showed that mean TT power output was lower after KE ingestion compared to PL, suggesting impaired performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Glenn A. A. van Lieshout, Jorn Trommelen, Jean Nyakayiru, Janneau van Kranenburg, Joan M. Senden, Lex B. Verdijk, Luc J. C. van Loon
Summary: This study assessed the postprandial plasma amino acid concentrations after ingestion of protein in either solid or liquid form. The results showed that there was no difference in the availability of amino acids after consuming protein as a bar or as a drink in healthy adult females.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Floris K. Hendriks, Michelle E. G. Weijzen, Joy P. B. Goessens, Antoine H. G. Zorenc, Annemie P. Gijsen, Irene Fleur Kramer, Joop P. W. van den Bergh, Martijn Poeze, Taco J. Blokhuis, Luc J. C. van Loon
Summary: Bone protein synthesis is still ongoing in femoral head bone tissue during the early stages following an intracapsular hip fracture in older patients, but trabecular bone protein synthesis rates are lower in the femoral head when compared to the proximal femur.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luuk Hilkens, Nick van Schijndel, Vera C. R. Weijer, Lieselot Decroix, Judith Bons, Luc J. C. van Loon, Jan-Willem van Dijk
Summary: This study assessed the effect of combined jump training and collagen supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) in elite road-race cyclists. The results showed that frequent short bouts of jumping exercise combined with collagen supplementation beneficially affects femoral neck BMD in elite road-race cyclists.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr, Andrea Alegria-Molina, Yuri SanMartin-Calisto, Macarena Artigas-Arias, Nolberto Huard, Jorge Sapunar, Luis A. Salazar, Lex B. Verdijk, Luc J. C. van Loon
Summary: Resistance exercise training can effectively increase muscle mass and function in older adults. This study compared the impact of resistance exercise training on muscle mass and function in older adults aged 65-75 years versus those above 85 years, and found no differences between the two groups.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2023)