Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Flavien Berthou, Cyril Sobolewski, Daniel Abegg, Margot Fournier, Christine Maeder, Dobrochna Dolicka, Marta Correia de Sousa, Alexander Adibekian, Michelangelo Foti
Summary: Liver-derived factors released by hepatocytes deficient in PTEN can improve muscle insulin sensitivity and reduce adiposity through various signaling pathways, with potential therapeutic implications for obesity and insulin resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chia-Hui Chen, Shr-Jeng Jim Leu, Chiao-Po Hsu, Ching-Chian Pan, Song-Kun Shyue, Tzong-Shyuan Lee
Summary: This study revealed that atypical antipsychotic drugs exacerbate atherosclerosis and macrophage-foam cell formation by activating the NOX-ROS-PPAR gamma-CD36 pathway.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Mariam Markouli, Dimitrios Strepkos, Kostas A. Papavassiliou, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou, Christina Piperi
Summary: Epigenetic mechanisms play a role in regulating key metabolic pathways in glioblastoma cells, increasing their heterogeneity and plasticity. These mechanisms have the potential to be targeted for therapy and improving treatment strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Inja Cho, Bon-Nyeo Koo, So Yeon Kim, Sujung Park, Eun Jung Kim, Eun Hee Kam, Jeongmin Kim
Summary: The results of this study indicate that Dex shows a neuroprotective effect in the POCD model by reducing oxidative stress response through NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xuefeng Bai, Shaowei Wang
Summary: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a multifactorial disease characterized by secondary amenorrhea, decreased estrogen levels, and increased gonadotropin levels in women under 40. The prevalence of POF is increasing and it has adverse effects on both the physiology and psychology of women. Hormone replacement therapy is the recommended treatment, and a multidisciplinary approach is needed to improve patients' quality of life. Recent studies suggest that the depletion of ovarian reserve function due to increased primordial follicular activation or insufficiency is the primary mechanism of POF. Therefore, understanding the processes and pathways involved in primordial follicle activation and exploring effective interventions are crucial for POF treatment.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sang-Hyun Park, Bok-Rye Lee, Van Hien La, Md Al Mamun, Dong-Won Bae, Tae-Hwan Kim
Summary: The study reveals that the changes in ABA and SA levels in plants during drought are related to sugar metabolism, starch degradation, and other pathways. During the early drought period, there is a significant accumulation of sugars, while in the late period, starch degradation and severe drought symptoms dominate.
Article
Neurosciences
Chenxi Feng, Yajing Chen, Yuyang Zhang, Yinghui Yan, Mengjie Yang, Huan Gui, Mei Wang
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with genetic and environmental factors playing a role in its development. Studies have shown a correlation between mutations in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) gene and autism, as well as a connection to mitochondrial dysfunction.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Zhixia Jia, Jiali Yang, Zhuoqing Cao, Jing Zhao, Jinhu Zhang, Ye Lu, Li Chu, Shaodan Zhang, Yuan Chen, Lin Pei
Summary: The study demonstrated that baicalin can improve cognitive functions and has antidepressant effects in mice, potentially through the activation of the BDNF/ERK/CREB signaling pathway in the hippocampus.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sophia X. Sui, Brenton Hordacre, Julie A. Pasco
Summary: Stroke is a common cause of death and disability, often leading to sarcopenia and cognitive dysfunction as common consequences. There is a lack of awareness and guidance for clinicians and researchers on how to address sarcopenia and cognitive dysfunction as comorbidities after stroke. This review synthesises current knowledge on the relationship between post-stroke sarcopenia and cognitive dysfunction, including physiological pathways, assessment tools, and interventions.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Yongbo Hu, Yiming He, Wei Liu, Shun Yu, Yabing Wei, Shaohua Bai, Yu Su, Bin Xiao
Summary: SIAH2 acts as an oncogene in colorectal cancer, promoting tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion. It activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and is regulated by PTEN loss.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Maryam Akbarzadeh, Ainaz Mihanfar, Shabnam Akbarzadeh, Bahman Yousefi, Maryam Majidinia
Summary: The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cancer and has been found to interact with miRNAs, which is important for understanding cancer biology.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marzia Perluigi, Anna Picca, Elita Montanari, Riccardo Calvani, Federico Marini, Roberto Matassa, Antonella Tramutola, Alberto Villani, Giuseppe Familiari, Fabio Di Domenico, D. Allan Butterfield, Kenneth J. Oh, Emanuele Marzetti, Diletta Valentini, Eugenio Barone
Summary: The study found that nEVs isolated from DS children showed a significant increase in insulin resistance marker pIRS1(Ser636) and hyperactivation of the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K pathway downstream from IRS1, possibly driven by higher inhibition of PTEN. Additionally, high levels of pGSK3 beta(Ser9) were also observed. These alterations in the insulin-signaling/mTOR pathways are believed to be early events in the DS brain, contributing to the cognitive dysfunction and intellectual disability seen in this unique population.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chen Xue, Ganglei Li, Juan Lu, Lanjuan Li
Summary: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed noncoding RNAs that regulate target gene expression and play important roles in cancer progression through the circRNA/PI3K/AKT axis. Aberrant regulation of circRNA expression is significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics and plays crucial roles in biological functions.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shuang Kou, Ye Chen, Tiantian Liu, Shengxuan Liu, Zhiguo Fang, Xin Li, Xingkui Cai, Botao Song
Summary: This research reveals that the putrescine synthetic pathway enhances potato cold-acclimated resistance through up-regulating the ABA signaling pathway. Moreover, ABA can also enhance putrescine synthesis. There is an elaborate feedback regulation between the two pathways, forming cold-acclimated tolerance in potato.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas M. Barber, Ioannis Kyrou, Harpal S. Randeva, Martin O. Weickert
Summary: Obesity leads to the development of insulin resistance, which in turn causes various metabolic consequences. Insulin resistance is associated with multiple complex pathogenic pathways, including chronic inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Lifestyle optimization, such as regular physical activity, improved diet, and sufficient sleep, can effectively reverse insulin resistance without medication intervention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tong Cheng, Zhusheng Chen, Yibin Qin, Xiang Zhu, Hongsheng Chen, Zhongling Xu, Xiaqing Ma
Summary: Morphine is commonly used and effective for pain relief, but its side effect of itching limits its clinical use. This paper discusses the potential of using esketamine to treat morphine-induced itching.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sung Eun Lee, Eunjung Park, Ji-yun Kim, HyukHoon Kim
Summary: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a potential therapeutic modality that has been recognized for its favorable mechanisms in various diseases, including sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). HBOT has neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects as well as increased tissue oxygenation capacity. However, there are caveats and limitations in applying HBOT in sepsis.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)
