Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yeon-Woo Cho, Seohyeon Jee, Intan Rosalina Suhito, Jeong-Hyeon Lee, Chun Gwon Park, Kyung Min Choi, Tae-Hyung Kim
Summary: This study reports a new platform called SMENA, which enables efficient generation of neuronal cells using single metal-organic framework nanoparticles embedded in nanopit arrays. The platform allows for long-term storage and release of retinoic acid, leading to enhanced mRNA expressions of neurogenesis-related activities in neural stem cells.
Article
Microbiology
Satya Prakash, Ambak Kumar Rai
Summary: Infection with Leishmania donovani reduces cellular cholesterol levels, but retinoic acid (RA) can restore cholesterol levels and reduce parasite burden in macrophages.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Kichul Cho, Sang-Moo Lee, Jina Heo, Yong Min Kwon, Dawoon Chung, Woon-Jong Yu, Seung Seob Bae, Grace Choi, Dae-Sung Lee, Youngjun Kim
Summary: Retinoic acid is essential for cell growth, differentiation, and embryogenesis, and inhibition of RALDH activity can lead to reproductive and developmental toxicity. The AOP(297) was discussed to support the evidence for RALDH inhibition-related developmental toxicity.
Article
Cell Biology
Fathima N. Cassim Bawa, Raja Gopoju, Yanyong Xu, Shuwei Hu, Yingdong Zhu, Shaoru Chen, Kavita Jadhav, Yanqiao Zhang
Summary: The study reveals the important role of macrophage retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) in regulating atherosclerosis. It protects against atherosclerosis by inducing cholesterol efflux and inhibiting inflammation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vojtech Pavlik, Veronika Machalova, Martin Cepa, Romana Sinova, Barbora Safrankova, Jaromir Kulhanek, Tomas Drmota, Lukas Kubala, Gloria Huerta-Angeles, Vladimir Velebny, Kristina Nesporova
Summary: The study found that HA-atRA upregulated gene expression similarly to atRA, but HA-atRA activated the expression of cholesterol metabolism genes. The results showed that HA-atRA removed cholesterol from the cells and induced cholesterol synthesis to replenish it. Additionally, HA-C18:1 also removed cholesterol from the cells, indicating that the cholesterol removal stemmed from the amphiphilic nature of these derivatives.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Rugolo, Nicolas G. Bazan, Jorgelina Calandria, Bokkyoo Jun, Giuseppe Raschella, Gerry Melino, Massimiliano Agostini
Summary: The study demonstrates that MYCN represses ELOVL4 expression and lipid metabolism, contributing to the progression of neuroblastoma, while high expression of ELOVL4 is associated with a better prognosis in subsets of patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah M. Glass, Yasuhiro Tateishi, F. Peter Guengerich, Hong-Jaan Wang
Summary: Cytochrome P450 (P450, CYP) 27C1 is expressed in human skin and catalyzes the 3,4-desaturation of retinoids. The function of the desaturated retinoids in human skin is currently unknown. The study suggests that the desaturation process may serve as a protective mechanism to maintain active retinoid levels in the body.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Satya Prakash, Ambak Kumar Rai
Summary: Retinoic acid (RA) activates mTORC1 complex, promoting cholesterol synthesis and uptake, and suppressing efflux, leading to cellular cholesterol accumulation. Increased expression of SREBP2, LDLR, and PCSK9 is associated with elevated cellular cholesterol levels induced by RA treatment, which is independent of mTORC1 activation.
IMMUNOLOGIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jixiang Du, Chao Zhang, Fuchen Liu, Xihan Liu, Dongdong Wang, Dandan Zhao, Guanghou Shui, Yuying Zhao, Chuanzhu Yan
Summary: This study aimed to elucidate the characteristic metabolic alterations and associated homeostatic regulation caused by TYMP deficiency. The results showed distinct metabolic profiles in patients with TYMP deficiency compared to those with the m.3243A > G mutation. TYMP deficiency leads to a global disruption of nucleoside metabolism and inhibits cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism. The findings suggest potential metabolite biomarkers that could be valuable clinical tools to improve the diagnosis of MNGIE. Overall, this study is important for expanding our knowledge of the biochemical outcome of TYMP deficiency in mitochondrial disorders.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yijia Wang, Jing Chen, Xiaotong Wang, Cui Guo, Xia Peng, Ying Liu, Tianli Li, Juan Du
Summary: The study found that changes in maternal gut microbiome may affect the development of the palate, which is related to changes in Lactobacillus. These results provide a new direction in the pathogenesis of RA-induced cleft palate.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aisha M. Basudan, Mohammad Azhar Aziz, Yanqi Yang
Summary: Through a combination of laser-capture microdissection and microarray analysis, this study identified differential gene expression profiling and altered pathways in different zones of mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) in 5-week-old rats. The study found that MCC cells exhibit distinguishable phenotypes from articular chondrocytes and identified potential markers for each zone. Pathway analysis revealed activated signaling pathways in MCC compared to femoral condylar cartilage, providing new insights for future therapeutic strategies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Govindarajan Thangavelu, Gabriela Andrejeva, Sara Bolivar-Wagers, Sujeong Jin, Michael C. Zaiken, Michael Loschi, Ethan G. Aguilar, Scott N. Furlan, Chrysothemis C. Brown, Yu-Chi Lee, Cameron McDonald Hyman, Colby J. Feser, Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari, Keli L. Hippen, Kelli P. MacDonald, William J. Murphy, Ivan Maillard, Geoffrey R. Hill, David H. Munn, Robert Zeiser, Leslie S. Kean, Jeffrey C. Rathmell, Hongbo Chi, Randolph J. Noelle, Bruce R. Blazar
Summary: This study investigated how RA receptor signaling in Tregs influences their function and stability in vivo. The results indicate that RA signaling acts as a rheostat to balance Treg function in inflammatory and noninflammatory conditions.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shuyuan Zhong, Jingfang Li, Meng Wei, Zeyuan Deng, Xiaoru Liu
Summary: The enzymatic browning of phenolic compounds induced by PPO is the main cause of browning in fresh-cut plants. However, the browning products produced are usually considered non-toxic. Previous studies have found that browned lotus root extracts (BLREs) can reduce cholesterol levels in obese mice, similar to fresh lotus root extracts (FLREs). This study aimed to compare the mechanisms of FLRE and BLRE in cholesterol metabolism and determine if the main component's monomer has similar effects through in vitro experiments. The results showed that both BLRE and FLRE could reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels in HepG2 cells.
Review
Developmental Biology
Trevor S. Tippetts, Matthew H. Sieber, Ashley Solmonson
Summary: Metabolism plays a crucial role in development, supporting cell growth, energy production, cell differentiation, and communication. Metabolic gradients and protein modifications enable pattern formation and cell-cell communication.
Editorial Material
Biology
J. Christian Althaus, Michael A. Sutton
Summary: All-trans retinoic acid induces synaptic plasticity in human cortical circuits by engaging the spine apparatus, leading to structural and functional changes at synapses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bikash R. Sahoo, Christopher L. Souders, Takahiro Watanabe-Nakayama, Zhou Deng, Hunter Linton, Saba Suladze, Magdalena I. Ivanova, Bernd Reif, Toshio Ando, Christopher J. Martyniuk, Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
Summary: This study demonstrates that synthetic copolymer derivatives can alter amylin aggregation and modulate its conformation, providing insights into the mechanism of amylin pathogenic formation.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Shuo Wang, Sofia Lopez, Nader El Ahmadie, Andrew S. Wengrovitz, Jade Ganter, Yuan Hui Zhao, Christopher L. Souders, Christopher J. Martyniuk
Summary: This study evaluated the sub-lethal toxicity of pendimethalin to zebrafish embryos and larvae, and found that high doses of pendimethalin caused developmental abnormalities and reduced locomotor activity in embryos and larvae. Additionally, pendimethalin at concentrations below 5μM had no significant impact on oxidative respiration and reactive oxygen species production in embryos.
NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
L. Shen, A. H. Estrada, K. M. Meurs, M. Sleeper, C. Vulpe, C. J. Martyniuk, C. A. Pacak
Summary: Cardiomyopathies, such as dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, are common and have poor prognosis in large breed dogs. Selective breeding has been recommended to reduce disease prevalence, and treatment focuses on symptom management. Genetic mutations underlying these diseases have been discovered, allowing for screening and selective breeding, as well as potential gene therapies. Challenges remain in clinical translation of these technologies, but the field of gene therapy holds promise for future applications.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Leah M. Mindorff, Nagissa Mahmoudi, Scott L. J. Hepditch, Valerie S. Langlois, Samrat Alam, Richard Martel, Jason M. E. Ahad
Summary: The oil sands region in Western Canada has a large amount of proven oil reserves, and to facilitate transportation, viscous oil sands bitumen is blended with lighter hydrocarbon fractions to produce diluted bitumen. This study examines the behavior of diluted bitumen in the unsaturated zone following a surface spill, and compares it with conventional heavy crude oil. The results show that both diluted bitumen and conventional heavy crude oil can be biodegraded by the native microbial community in the shallow subsurface, indicating similar potential for cleanup in the event of a spill.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiye Zhang, Huihui Chen, Tianheng Tong, Ruimin Liu, Saihong Yan, Xuefang Liang, Christopher J. Martyniuk, Jinmiao Zha
Summary: Asian clams (Corbicula fluminea) exposed to different concentrations of Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs) showed varying physiological and molecular toxic effects, including changes in filtration rate, histopathological changes, and induction of apoptosis. This study provides important insights into the toxicity and hazards of BUVSs in benthic organisms.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emma Ivantsova, Isaac Konig, Christopher L. Souders II, David McNabney, Denina D. B. Simmons, Christopher J. Martyniuk
Summary: Blood pressure medication atenolol, a beta-blocker detected in wastewater systems, has negative effects on early stages of zebrafish development. It affects survival, heart rate, mitochondrial function, lipid and amino acid profiles, and locomotor activity. Atenolol decreases heart rate and alters lipid content in zebrafish at environmentally relevant levels.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nazish Iftikhar, Isaac Konig, Cole English, Emma Ivantsova, Christopher L. L. Souders II, Imran Hashmi, Christopher J. J. Martyniuk
Summary: The broad-range bacteriostatic antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) has been found to have sub-lethal toxicity effects on developing zebrafish embryos and larvae, including decreased survivability, delayed hatch, and induced malformations. It also triggers an inflammatory response and alters the expression of genes related to apoptosis. These findings contribute to the understanding of antibiotic toxicity in aquatic organisms and provide a foundation for environmental risk assessment of SMX and other antibiotics.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cole D. English, Kira J. Kazi, Isaac Konig, Emma Ivantsova, Christopher L. Souders Ii, Christopher J. Martyniuk
Summary: Zebrafish larvae were exposed to different concentrations of Ifosfamide, and RNA-seq analysis revealed 21 microRNAs that were associated with Ifosfamide exposure. This study provides valuable insights for the advancement of regulatory toxicology and biomarker discovery in aquatic environments.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohamed Hamed, Christopher J. Martyniuk, Rashad E. M. Said, Hamdy A. M. Soliman, Ahmed E. A. Badrey, Elhagag A. Hassan, Hani N. Abdelhamid, Alaa G. M. Osman, Alaa El -Din H. Sayed
Summary: This study reports the presence of pyrogallol in wastewater in Egypt for the first time. Acute and sub-acute toxicity experiments were conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of pyrogallol on catfish. The results showed that pyrogallol exposure caused morphological changes, hematological and biochemical alterations, indicating potential risks to aquatic species.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Chi, Juanjuan Fu, Chris J. Martyniuk, Jiangyong Wang, Libin Zhou
Summary: This study investigates the collaboration of HIF-1 alpha A and HIF-1 alpha B in regulating mitophagy and apoptosis under hypoxic stress in cyprinid fish. The results show that HIF-1 alpha A induces apoptosis by promoting ROS generation and mitochondrial depolarization, while HIF-1 alpha B is primarily responsible for mitophagy induction, promoting ATP production to mitigate apoptosis.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chunyu Lu, Di Peng, W. C. K. Udeesha Erandani, Kimberly Mitchell, Christopher J. Martyniuk, Vance L. Trudeau
Summary: The detection and quantification of hormones are crucial for assessing experimental models and diagnosing diseases. Traditional methods involve separate experiments, while the new approach allows simultaneous measurement of different categories of hormones. This study presents a novel sample processing strategy for the simultaneous extraction and detection of peptides, steroids, and proteins.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah J. Patuel, Cole English, Victoria Lopez-Scarim, Isaac Konig, Christopher L. Souders II, Emma Ivantsova, Christopher J. Martyniuk
Summary: The study investigates the effects of Broflanilide, a novel pesticide, on zebrafish larvae. It reveals that exposure to different concentrations of Broflanilide can impact gene networks associated with various neurological disorders, including axonal injury, depression, neuroinflammation, brain infarction, and excitotoxicity. The study also identifies genes related to MPTP-induced neurotoxicity, which has relevance for Parkinson's disease.
Article
Environmental Sciences
David W. Bertolatus, Larry B. Barber, Christopher J. Martyniuk, Huajun Zhen, Timothy W. Collette, Drew R. Ekman, Aaron Jastrow, Jennifer L. Rapp, Alan M. Vajda
Summary: In order to evaluate the relationships between anthropogenic impacts, contaminant occurrence, and fish health, fish exposures were conducted across different land use sites in the Shenandoah River watershed. The study found adverse reproductive outcomes and increased mortality in fish exposed to wastewater treatment plant effluent and agricultural impacts. Molecular biomarkers and hepatic metabolomic and transcriptomic profiles indicated variations in land use and contaminant profiles. This study demonstrated the linkages between human impacts, contaminant occurrence, and exposure effects, highlighting the increased risk of adverse outcomes in fish exposed to complex mixtures.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isaac Konig, Nazish Iftikhar, Evelyn Henry, Cole English, Emma Ivantsova, Christopher L. Souders II, Silvana Marcussi, Christopher J. Martyniuk
Summary: This study compared the toxicity of carvacrol, acetylcarvacrol, and fipronil to early staged zebrafish. The results showed that carvacrol and its derivative have lower acute toxicity compared to fipronil.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sarah J. Patuel, Cole English, Victoria Lopez-Scarim, Isaac Konig, Christopher L. Souders II, Emma Ivantsova, Christopher J. Martyniuk
Summary: This study evaluates the sub-lethal toxicity potential of broflanilide in early staged zebrafish and finds that the insecticide has minimal impact on survival and biochemical parameters of the fish but can induce neurotoxicity and motor dysfunction.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)