Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nivedita Kulkarni, Jason I. S. Cho, Rhodri Jervis, Edward P. L. Roberts, Iacoviello Francesco, Matthew D. R. Kok, Paul R. Shearing, Dan J. L. Brett
Summary: This study uses X-ray CT to characterize the compressed MEA and finds that non-uniform compression affects the localized current distribution and water transport in fuel cells. Increased compression has little effect on the performance in the activation region, but significantly affects the performance in the mass transport region, promoting cell flooding.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Tinashe Mawodza, Manoj Menon, Harriet Brooks, Oxana Magdysyuk, Genoveva Burca, Stuart Casson
Summary: Soil structure plays a crucial role in root architectural development and plant yield. This study explores how different aggregate sizes influence early root growth in wheat plants. Results indicate that smaller aggregates promote increased lateral root growth, while larger aggregates induce more seminal root axes in wheat seedlings.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Nuclear Science & Technology
Manasavee Lohvithee, Somboon Rassame, Takashi Hibiki
Summary: The characterization and visualization of multiphase flows play a significant role in nuclear engineering research, and neutron imaging technique provides a non-invasive and accurate method for studying multiphase flow. Two-dimensional neutron radiography has limitations in temporal and spatial resolutions, while three-dimensional neutron computed tomography allows for clearer observation of objects and dynamic phenomena.
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Davide Ippolito, Federica Vernuccio, Cesare Maino, Roberto Cannella, Teresa Giandola, Maria Ragusi, Vittorio Bigiogera, Carlo Capodaglio, Sandro Sironi
Summary: Radiology plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 patients, helping to detect manifestations and complications in different organs, with a particular focus on lung disease.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Andre Euler, Sara Wullschleger, Thomas Sartoretti, Daniel Mueller, Etienne Xavier Keller, Dejan Lavrek, Olivio Donati
Summary: This study assessed the accuracy of low-dose dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) to differentiate uric acid from non-uric acid kidney stones. The results showed that DECT accurately discriminated uric acid and non-uric acid stones, even at small stone sizes.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jie Hu, Zhi-Feng Zheng, Shu-Hang Wang, Dong-Lei Si, Ya-Qin Yuan, Bu-Lang Gao
Summary: Most rib fractures can be detected within the first week after trauma. Detection of occult rib fractures will be delayed with increase of age, and repeated CT scanning should be appropriately postponed in patients at different ages. Trabecula, inner and outer plates, costal angle, and cartilage are the primary locations for occult and subtle fractures which should be carefully evaluated.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ruicong Lu, Lu He, Ting Li, Fuwei Yang, Yan Liu, Kun Zhang, Xinnan Chen
Summary: An innovative method using a methanol solution of barium hydroxide-urea was investigated for the conservation of stone artifacts with harmful gypsum weathering crusts. The method successfully transformed the harmful gypsum crust into a barium sulfate-calcium carbonate composite protective layer, while maintaining the intrinsic physical properties of the gypsum crust.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Hugo Gaeta-Araujo, Olivier Vanderhaeghen, Karla de Faria Vasconcelos, Wim Coucke, Ruxandra Coropciuc, Constantinus Politis, Reinhilde Jacobs
Summary: The study compared the differential impact of CBCT and PANO imaging on diagnostic characteristics of osteonecrotic lesions, finding that CBCT had higher predictive value and could detect more subtle lesions. CBCT imaging showed more distinct radiographic diagnostic features, especially when distinguishing different lesions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alessandro Tengattini, Nicolas Lenoir, Edward Ando, Gioacchino Viggiani
Summary: In recent decades, advanced experimental techniques such as X-ray and neutron imaging have provided unprecedented insights into the behavior of geomaterials. Neutron imaging, with its unique properties including high sensitivity to hydrogen, high penetration into metals, and isotope sensitivity, has shown to be an extremely valuable tool in experimental geomechanics. Recent developments, such as combining neutron imaging with simultaneous X-rays and improving spatial and temporal resolution, are highlighted for their potential contributions to the field.
GEOMECHANICS FOR ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Sheng Jiang, Luming Shen, Francois Guillard, Itai Einav
Summary: This paper investigates the diametrical fragmentation of a single brittle glass bead cemented by ductile epoxy resin using in-situ X-ray computed tomography, focusing on the fractures within the grain. The study reveals the complex nature of the fracture process and the dominant fracture mechanism during the fragmentation process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nicholas Hashem, Mitchell Pryor, Derek Haas, James Hunter
Summary: This paper reviews literature on incorporating automation elements in computed tomography procedures, organizing the reviewed studies around the steps of a general NDT task to define a complete CT automation architecture. It also analyzes efforts to repeat the process based on previous scan results, presenting a framework for fully automating NDT procedures and discussing remaining technical gaps.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Alibek Kenges, Kenan Unlu, Daniel B. Beck
Summary: This paper presents characterization experiments of a new neutron imaging facility, which utilized the Penn State Breazeale TRIGA reactor, to evaluate its imaging system. The experiments confirmed that the facility meets the quality standards of a Category I facility according to the ASTM designation. The obtained characterization results enable the use of various neutron radiography and tomography techniques. Preliminary results of neutron tomography capabilities are also discussed.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Wiebe G. Knol, Judit Simon, Annemarie M. Den Harder, Margreet W. A. Bekker, Willem J. L. Suyker, Linda M. de Heer, Pim A. de Jong, Tim Leiner, Bela Merkely, Miklos Polos, Gabriel P. Krestin, Eric Boersma, Peter J. Koudstaal, Pal Maurovich-Horvat, Ad J. J. C. Bogers, Ricardo P. J. Budde
Summary: Preoperative noncontrast CT did not affect the surgical approach or perioperative stroke incidence in cardiac surgery candidates compared to standard of care. Aortic calcification was frequently observed on CT scans, but only a small portion of patients required major surgical alterations to prevent stroke.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Robert Fischer, Christian M. Schlepuetz, Jianlin Zhao, Pierre Boillat, Dirk Hegemann, Rene M. Rossi, Dominique Derome, Jan Carmeliet
Summary: The wicking dynamics in yarns are not solely determined by inter-fiber pore filling, but are mainly influenced by the transition processes between pores and the structure of the pore network. The yarn pore system consists of a sparse network of long and narrow pores, which leads to step-wise wicking dynamics with fast pore filling events and long waiting times between filling events.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
William Chuirazzi, Nikolaus L. Cordes, Jan -Fong Jue, Maxine Johnson, James Cole, Jeffrey Giglio
Summary: The United States is converting nuclear reactors fueled with highly enriched uranium (HEU) to low-enriched uranium (LEU) fuels for improved security. The use of plate fuel with an aluminum cladding bonded using hot isostatic pressing (HIP) method is favored. X-ray computed tomography (XCT) can be used to inspect the cladding for abnormalities.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Laurenz Schroer, Tim De Kock, Sebastiaan Godts, Nico Boon, Veerle Cnudde
Summary: Water affects the susceptibility of stone to alteration through physical, chemical and biological weathering. The properties of the stone determine water transport and retention, but biofilms and extracellular polymeric substances may also alter the water-stone relationship.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mike Lahaye, Michiel Dusar, John W. M. Jagt, Paul Kisters, Tanaquil Berto, Veerle Cnudde, C. Wim Dubelaar, Tim De Kock
Summary: Maastricht Stone, a soft and porous limestone from the Krijtland region, is highly durable in outdoor applications despite its low strength. It has been used since Roman times and has contributed to the unique underground landscape. Today, it is recognized for its built heritage and is a preferred substrate for scientific research in stone conservation.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
B. Lubelli, I. Rorig-Daalgard, A. M. Aguilar, M. Askrabic, K. Beck, C. Blauer, V. Cnudde, A. M. D'Altri, H. Derluyn, J. Desarnaud, T. Diaz Goncalves, R. Flatt, E. Franzoni, S. Godts, D. Gulotta, R. van Hees, I. Ioannou, A. Kamat, T. De Kock, B. Menendez, S. de Miranda, C. Nunes, E. Sassoni, N. Shahidzadeh, H. Siedel, Z. Slizkova, M. Stefanidou, M. Theodoridou, R. Veiga, V. Verges-Belmin
Summary: This recommendation presents a laboratory method to test the durability of natural stone and fired-clay brick units against salt crystallization. The method replicates salt damage caused by capillary transport and evaporation and considers two stages in the test: accumulation and propagation. Two types of salt, sodium chloride and sodium sulphate, were tested separately. The procedure includes visual observations, photography, and measurement of material loss, and has been preliminarily validated in round robin tests.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Geology
Flor Vermassen, Maarten Van Daele, Nore Praet, Veerle Cnudde, Catherine Kissel, Flavio S. S. Anselmetti
Summary: This study investigates the sediment deposition after the 1601 earthquake in Lake Lucerne, Switzerland. It reveals that slope failures triggered mass flows and turbidity currents, forming mass-transport deposits and a megaturbidite. The research findings are important for the recognition and interpretation of earthquake-induced megaturbidites in other lake records or isolated basins.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jaianth Vijayakumar, Niloofar Moazami Goudarzi, Guy Eeckhaut, Koen Schrijnemakers, Veerle Cnudde, Matthieu N. Boone
Summary: This article reviews the recent developments in high-resolution X-ray microtomography and its application towards different tablet characterizations, highlighting its indispensability in the pharmaceutical industry.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Valeriya Brovchenko, Margarita Merkulova, Jonathan Sittner, Vladimir Shilovskih, Camelia Borca, Thomas Huthwelker, Sergey F. Sluzhenikin, Veerle Cnudde
Summary: This study provides the first evidence for the incorporation of palladium into the structure of pentlandite from Norilsk ores through the use of various analytical techniques. The presence of divalent palladium in the lattice of pentlandite suggests a substitution of nickel by palladium. The combination of methods used in this study demonstrates the potential of these techniques for understanding noble metal incorporation into ore minerals.
AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Manu K. Mohan, A. V. Rahul, Jeroen F. Van Stappen, Veerle Cnudde, Geert De Schutter, Kim Van Tittelboom
Summary: This study investigates the porosity and pore structure of 3D printed concrete elements using mercury intrusion porosimetry and X-ray micro-computed tomography. The results show that the interlayer region contains larger and interconnected pores with low tortuosity, which can enhance ion transport. The study compares two different cement systems and finds that the calcium sulfoaluminate-limestone blend has higher pore complexity and tortuosity. X-ray micro-computed tomography is able to characterize both open and closed pores in the printed sample at high resolution. This study provides insights into ion transport and durability performance of printed concrete elements.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiaolin Chen, Tim De Kock, Veerle Cnudde, Nathan Van Den Bossche
Summary: Water repellents are commonly used on the outer surfaces of buildings to make them more hydrophobic. However, there is limited research on their efficiency under practical conditions. This study examines the hydrophobic efficiency of a siloxane-based water repellent on different materials and investigates the effects of material characteristics and application conditions on its performance. The results show that spray-treated samples have comparable hydrophobic efficiency to capillary absorbed samples, and temperature and humidity have little impact on the repellent's efficiency.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Katrin Wilhelm, Jack Longman, Christopher D. D. Standish, Tim De Kock
Summary: This study introduces a new methodology for utilizing historic built environments as geochemical archives to reconstruct past pollution levels in urban settings. The researchers used laser ablation mass spectrometry to analyze black crust stratigraphies on historic structures, revealing changes in lead sources over time. The results provide insights into localized pollution levels and enhance our understanding of air pollution dynamics and trends in urban environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jose Roberto Tenorio Filho, Jasper Goethals, Reza Aminzadeh, Yawar Abbas, Dulce Elizabeth Valdez Madrid, Veerle Cnudde, Gunter Vermeeren, David Plets, Stijn Matthys
Summary: This paper introduces an innovative automated and wireless system for continuous monitoring of concrete structures. By using embedded electrical resistivity sensors and wireless data transmission, real-time data collection becomes possible. The dielectric properties of concrete and the effects of hardware devices on concrete properties and data transmission were investigated through experiments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sebastiaan Godts, Scott Allan Orr, Michael Steiger, Amelie Stahlbuhk, Tim De Kock, Julie Desarnaud, Hilde De Clercq, Veerle Cnudde
Summary: This study analyzed several thousand realistic salt mixtures found in weathered stone using thermodynamic calculations and identified two common mixture types and their behavior. The critical relative humidity points of the most frequently occurring 14 salts were discussed. These findings have implications for understanding salt weathering processes and designing experimental stone weathering research.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Eda Kale, Marie De Groeve, Lena Pinnel, Yonca Erkan, Piraye Haciguezeller, Scott Allan Orr, Tim De Kock
Summary: Urbanisation intensifies environmental stressors and limits green spaces, but vertical greening (VG) can mitigate these stressors and enhance well-being in densely built areas. However, heritage buildings are often excluded from VG initiatives due to concerns about potential damage. This study in Antwerp, Belgium investigates the presence of VG on heritage buildings, finding that it is implemented on a significant proportion of buildings in neighbourhoods lacking green space. This reveals the potential for VG on heritage buildings and the need for guidance and integration strategies.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Marie De Groeve, Eda Kale, Scott Allan Orr, Tim De Kock
Summary: Ground-based vertical greening is widely used in city centres for its small footprint and large vegetation surface. However, there is limited understanding of its impact on historic building fabrics. Through laboratory simulations, the insulation capacity and temperature response of vertical greening can be assessed. These findings are important for understanding the environmental performance of vertical greening across different seasons and climatic regions.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Asim Siddique, Peter Boelens, Fangchao Long, Shengqiang Zhou, Veerle Cnudde, Thomas Leissner
Summary: Magnetic separation plays a crucial role in mineral processing and recycling industries. This study proposes a methodology to comprehensively characterize and classify Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) slag, aiming to establish the connection between slag properties and the separation process. The methodology involves sieving, classification based on magnetic susceptibility, and mineral liberation analysis. This in-depth analysis provides insights into the separation behavior of different slag phases, contributing to the development of predictive separation models.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Sebastiaan Godts, Michael Steiger, Scott Allan Orr, Amelie Stahlbuhk, Julie Desarnaud, Hilde De Clercq, Veerle Cnudde, Tim De Kock
Summary: The damage to porous materials in heritage buildings caused by salt mixture crystallization is influenced by surrounding environmental conditions. The thermodynamic model ECOS/RUNSALT is recommended for studying the crystallization behavior of mixed salt solutions. However, limitations of the model are highlighted, and the importance of further research on salt mixture kinetics and internal pore structure is emphasized.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Zhang, Shuye Zhang, Hongzhi Zhou, Kyung-Wook Paik, Tianran Ding, Weimin Long, Sujuan Zhong, Peng He
Summary: Microwave Hybrid Heating (MHH) is a promising method for material joining, allowing for selective and uniform heating. This experimental study focused on investigating the characteristics and reliability of joints made using nano-Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu soldering paste and MHH technique. The research findings showed that the shear strength of the joints reached its peak value under specific microwave power and exposure time, but decreased after thermal shock tests.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Peibin Ma, Mingyang Wang, Aiying Chen, Lijian Gu, Zhiyi Ding, Xiaogui Wang, Bin Gan
Summary: Nano-twinned boundaries in high-temperature alloys play a crucial role in regulating the distribution of nano-precipitates and enhancing mechanical properties.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiachen Zhang, Fan Lu, Xinxin Liu, Taiwen Huang, Rui Li, Changsheng Tan, Guojun Zhang, Lin Liu
Summary: This study investigates the effects of Re and Ta interactions on the precipitation of the TCP phase in experimental alloys under long-term thermal exposure. The study finds that microstructure segregation is not fully eliminated even with standard heat treatment, and the interaction between Re and Ta enhances the formation of the TCP phase. Thermodynamic calculations and first-principles analysis reveal that Re significantly improves the driving force of TCP phase precipitation. The study also observes a phase transition from the sigma-phase to the P-phase, with Ni playing a crucial role in the diffusion process.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ronit Roy, Adil Shaik, Matthew Topping, Fei Long, Mark R. Daymond
Summary: This study demonstrates the improvements in characterizing localized dislocation distribution using the HR-EBSD method compared to the conventional approach. Two extreme examples of deformation conditions were investigated to show the efficacy of HR-EBSD in identifying dislocations and subtle features. The direct correlation between slip bands and HR-EBSD estimated GNDs is also presented, enhancing the scope of this approach in identifying individual slip bands.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wenshan Guo, Hui Zhang, Qingjun Zhou, Guangchun Xiao, Ning Guo, Wei Zhao, Gang Wang
Summary: The microstructures and corrosion resistance of TC11 components were significantly improved using a high-power, high-speed laser metal deposition (LMD) process and subsequent post-heat treatment, with greater improvements observed in the deposition direction. The significant improvement of corrosion resistance in the deposition direction is mainly due to the weakening of the charged galvanic corrosion effect between the non-interlayer zone and interlayer zone.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Xu, Rui Cao, Junheng Gao, Yu Zhang, Haitao Zhao, Shuize Wang, Yuhe Huang, Guilin Wu, Honghui Wu, Chaolei Zhang, Xinping Mao
Summary: In this study, the microstructures and mechanical properties of interphase precipitation strengthening micro-alloyed steels were investigated. The addition of Cr was found to increase the yield strength without significant decrease of ductility. Thermodynamics analysis revealed that the addition of Cr led to grain refinement and decrease of sheet spacing of nanoprecipitates. Calculations showed that the decrease of interphase-precipitated carbides sheet spacing and the refinement of grain size were responsible for the strength enhancement of Cr microalloyed steel.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhaoxin Zhong, Biao Zhang, Yuhan Ren, Jian Ye, Jiawei Zhang, Feng Ye
Summary: In this study, bioinspired web-liked multiphase composites were successfully constructed using boron-modified polysilazane polymer. The composites consisted of long TiB nanowires as 'web' and hybrid TiC and Ti3Si particles as 'nodes'. The enhanced strength of these composites was attributed to the synergistic load transfer of the hybrid reinforcements. This study provides a promising design approach for developing high-performance composites with high reinforcement content, utilizing polymer instead of traditional ceramic powder.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Geng Liu, Linran Yu, Jie Su, Ran Ding, Min Xiong, Qi Gao
Summary: In this study, a flash austenitization heat treatment approach was used to achieve a dual-phase microstructure consisting of retained austenite and fine-grained ferrite in low-carbon TRIP steel. Phase-field simulations revealed the acceleration of ferrite transition kinetics in the Mn-depleted region and the influence of chemical heterogeneity of C and Mn on the stabilization of austenite.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhichao Yang, Dehui Zheng, Zhen Wang, Tingbin Liang, Shuangbao Wang
Summary: In this study, the configurations, formation process, and properties of the Cu-rich layer formed during TJE of Al alloys were revealed using aberration-corrected scanning TEM (STEM), STEM image simulations, and first-principles calculations. The results showed a new orientation relationship between the Cu-rich layer and Al matrix, and provided insights into the formation mechanisms of the Cu-rich layer and Cu diffusion zone.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Chen, Ruyu Tian, Jiayue Wen, Yanhong Tian
Summary: In this study, the interfacial microstructure evolution and reliability of Cu/Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305)/Ni and Cu/Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu-0.05TiO2 (SAC305-0.05TiO2)/Ni interconnections under thermal shock were investigated. The results showed that the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles can suppress the growth of interfacial IMCs and improve the reliability of the connections.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yunbin Lu, Yangju Feng, Wei Wang, Wenke Wang, Jianlei Yang, Wenzhen Chen, Guorong Cui, Dongdong Zhuang, Hongyang Cao
Summary: In order to improve the wear resistance of titanium alloy, titanium matrix composites with network distributed TiBw were fabricated. The results showed that the wear rate of the composites decreased by 17.2% at room temperature and 38.4% at high temperature compared to the TA15 alloy. The TiBw in the composites enhanced work hardening, improved thermal conductivity, and effectively hindered dislocation movement and promoted dynamic recrystallization during high-temperature wear.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jubert Pasco, Lu Jiang, Thomas Dorin, Ali Keshavarzkermani, Youliang He, Clodualdo Aranas Jr
Summary: The unique structure and solute distribution of CoCrMo alloys produced using Laser Powder Bed Fusion technique require custom heat-treating processes to achieve the targeted phase distribution and mechanical properties. This study investigates the phase transformation behavior and precipitate distribution of CoCrMo samples after aging heat treatment. The results show differences in phase fraction and nucleation sites between directly aged and solution heat-treated samples.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zipeng Ma, Meng Zhou, Baohong Tian, Yi Zhang, Heng Li, Xu Li, Jin Zou, Haoyan Hu, Ke Jing, Yong Liu, Alex A. Volinsky
Summary: In this study, two electrical contact composites were prepared using the vacuum hot pressing sintering endo-oxidation method. The addition of Y2O3 had no negative effects on the electrical conductivity and hardness of the composites. Moreover, it reduced the welding force and arc energy, and improved the stability of the contacts.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Sun, Ning Cui, Shuling Zhang, Tiewei Xu, Xiaopeng Wang, Fantao Kong
Summary: A laminated composite was successfully fabricated and its microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. The composite exhibited high bonding strength, improved flexural strength and fracture toughness, and superior tensile properties compared to the monolithic alloy.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zih-You Wu, Yin-Ku Lee, Su-Yueh Tsai, Po-Yu Chen, Jenq-Gong Duh
Summary: With the development of the artificial intelligence (AI) industries, electronic packaging is advancing towards high density, high efficiency, and multi-functionality. The application of microbumps is necessary to achieve high density and small-scale interconnection. In this study, three types of full intermetallic compounds (IMCs) bumps were fabricated, and the mechanical and thermal properties of IMCs were analyzed. The results showed that the full IMCs bumps with added Ni and Zn exhibited consistent structure and excellent thermal stability, providing a reliable microstructure for application.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
