Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
N. Makuch
Summary: Two-stage gas boriding process in N-2-H-2-BCl3 atmosphere was used to produce a two-zoned borided layer on Nisil-alloy. The outer layer consisted of nickel borides only, while the inner zone contained nickel silicides in addition to nickel borides. The presence of nickel silicides reduced the hardness and elastic modulus of the inner zone borided layer.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chenliang Hou, Bo Jiang, Ming Li, Yu Song, Guoxi Cheng
Summary: The internal mechanism of how maceral and temperature control the mechanical properties of in situ coal has not been established so far. This study aims to discover the control mechanism of macerals and temperature on the mechanical properties of in situ coal. By linking the macroscopic and microscopic mechanical properties, it was found that the hardness and elastic modulus of macerals adhere to a specific order, and varying temperatures do not transform this order. The content increase of liptinite, vitrinite, and inertinite affects the hardness and elastic modulus of the whole coal differently. Temperature alters the mechanical properties of in situ coal through macerals as an intermediary, and there is a watershed in the effect of temperature on coal mechanical properties.
Article
Forestry
Joseph E. Jakes, Donald S. Stone
Summary: In order to accurately measure mechanical properties of materials like wood cell walls, traditional nanoindentation methods need to be improved to account for the unique characteristics of these polymeric structures.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Guohao Fang, Qiang Wang, Mingzhong Zhang
Summary: This study systematically investigates the micromechanical properties of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) in alkali-activated fly ash-slag (AAFS) concrete, revealing that the properties depend on the chemical composition of reaction products and microstructural characteristics, with the evolution divided into three stages.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Helle-Mai Piirsoo, Taivo Jogiaas, Kaupo Kukli, Aile Tamm
Summary: The mechanical properties of nanodevices are greatly influenced by the mechanical properties of thin films. Amorphous Al2O3-Ta2O5 double and triple layers were deposited with various single-layer thicknesses. Annealing at different temperatures caused changes in the microstructure, resulting in the formation of different crystalline grains. The hardness and elastic modulus of the annealed laminates depended on the layer sequence, indicating the significant influence of the layered structure on the mechanical behavior.
Article
Polymer Science
Wenqian Hao, Xiqiao Bo, Jiamiao Xie, Tingting Xu
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical properties of two types of separators for LIBs through nanoindentation experiments and compares different methods for evaluating their hardness and elastic modulus. The results suggest that the fitting curve method provides the most accurate results, and the PP/PE/PP separator has higher obstruction ability compared to the PE separator.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Shenghui Wang, Zhichao Ma, Wenyang Zhao, Wei Zhang, Chaofan Li, Siguo Yang, Jiong Liu, Zixin Guo, Hongwei Zhao, Luquan Ren
Summary: The evolution of mechanical properties of separators affected by temperature shifts was experimentally verified in this study. The temperature-dependent weakening of elastic modulus and hardness of separators was observed. The variation trends of elastic modulus, hardness, and hysteresis response of the separators were investigated through nanoindentation tests. X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to analyze the temperature-induced residual stress and elemental distribution. The obtained evolution law of temperature shift-induced mechanical properties of separators could facilitate the optimal design of separators and enhance the safety performance of lithium-ion batteries.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Sudip Banerjee, Prasanta Sahoo, Suswagata Poria, Goutam Sutradhar
Summary: The addition of 1 wt% nano graphite in Mg-WC nanocomposites enhances both nanohardness and elastic modulus, but further addition has detrimental effects. Corrosion tests show that incorporating 1 wt% graphite nanoparticles improves corrosion resistance, but additional additions result in decreased resistance. Characterization of corroded surfaces reveals that the Mg-2WC-1Gr nanocomposite has fewer cracks and the lowest corrosion rate among all hybrid nanocomposites.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METALCASTING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Partha Sarathi Deb, Md. Nabi Newaz Khan, Prabir Kumar Sarker, Salim Barbhuiya
Summary: The study used the nanoindentation method to determine the elastic modulus, hardness, and volume fractions of different phases in ambient-cured fly ash (FA) geopolymers. It was found that the inclusion of 2% nanosilica (NS) increased the volume of reaction product and reduced the presence of a porous phase in the FA geopolymers. This improvement in properties was also observed in OPC or GGBFS blended geopolymer specimens.
JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE CEMENT-BASED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ulrich Tritschler, Jose Manuel Delgado Lopez, Tobias R. Umbach, Alexander E. S. Van Driessche, Helmut Schlaad, Helmut Colfen, Matthias Kellermeier
Summary: By mimicking nature, we successfully hybridized inorganic and organic matter through the crystallization process of calcium sulfate, resulting in organic-inorganic composite materials. We identified and synthesized an organic polymer that can bind to the surfaces of mineral precursors and self-organize into ordered superstructures. This specific architecture leads to unique mechanical properties comparable to natural biominerals.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shibani Mohata, Kaushik Dey, Surojit Bhunia, Neethu Thomas, E. Bhoje Gowd, Thalasseril G. Ajithkumar, C. Malla Reddy, Rahul Banerjee
Summary: Utilizing graphene as a grafting layer, a new method for preparing Janus-type COF-graphene thin films was proposed, demonstrating the fabrication of two distinct Janus-type films with heterogeneous surface morphologies and porosity.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tianshu Zhao, Hongyun Luo, Jun Luo, Runze Wang
Summary: The effects of burnishing-assisted two-stage aging (BATSA) on the microstructural evolution and hardening behavior of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy were investigated. The BATSA treatment promoted a concentrated distribution of precipitate sizes and delayed phase coalescence. Moreover, dynamic nucleation induced by pre-aging and burnishing resulted in a better synergy of multiple strengthening mechanisms, significantly shortening the time to peak hardness in pre-aged burnished alloys.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Christudasjustus, C. S. Witharamage, Ganesh Walunj, T. Borkar, R. K. Gupta
Summary: In this study, Al-xV alloys with nanocrystalline structure and high solid solubility of V were synthesized using high-energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering techniques. The microstructure and properties of the alloys were investigated, revealing that the microstructure and hardness were influenced by the sintering temperature, with the formation of a V-lean phase and bimodal grain size observed.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Taivo Jogiaas, Aivar Tarre, Hugo Maendar, Jekaterina Kozlova, Aile Tamm
Summary: In this study, Cr2O3 thin films with different structures were deposited using atomic layer deposition, and their phase composition, hardness, and other properties were measured. The results indicate that Cr2O3 could be a promising material as a mechanically protective thin film.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Anil B. Shinde, Ayush Owhal, Anuj Sharma, Prabhat Ranjan, Tribeni Roy, R. Balasubramaniam
Summary: The study reveals that the mechanical performance of monocrystalline copper systems, specifically Cu(111), under nanoindentation is superior to any other copper systems. Cu(111) exhibited an average hardness of 12.62 GPa, which is 18.27% higher than that of Cu-poly. The elastic depth recovery rate for Cu(100) was 52.75%, 41.60% and 40.66% higher than that of Cu(100), Cu(111) and Cu-poly, respectively.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Letter
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jianguo Yao, Qiumin Lu, Xingyan Wang, Chao Wang, Hanyang Ma, Haibing Guan
SCIENCE CHINA-INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Bo Peng, Jianguo Yao, Yaozu Dong, Haibing Guan
Summary: This article introduces MDev-NVMe, a new virtualization solution for improving the NVMe storage in modern data centers. By providing comprehensive storage virtualization, mediated pass-through mechanism, and adaptive configuration of active polling optimization, MDev-NVMe achieves high throughput, low latency performance, and substantial device scalability. Through a comparison with other virtualization mechanisms, it is demonstrated that MDev-NVMe significantly improves performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Yubin Xia, Zhichao Hua, Yang Yu, Jinyu Gu, Haibo Chen, Binyu Zang, Haibing Guan
Summary: This article proposes a new design of TEEs to support system-level security services and achieve better extensibility. The design introduces a secure monitor for isolation and capability management, with each TEE instance named a Colony. Several security services are built using the new TEEs, and the system's efficiency is evaluated on different platforms and systems.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Zongpu Zhang, Hubin Zhang, Junyuan Wang, Xiaokang Hu, Jian Li, Wenqian Yu, Ping Yu, Weigang Li, Bo Cui, Guodong Zhu, Kapil Sood, Brian Will, Haibing Guan
Summary: Private key protection is a crucial issue in cloud computing, but current solutions have limitations in terms of performance, flexibility, and applicability. A new architecture called Intel KPT combines trusted platform module and crypto accelerator to provide both security and performance. However, using KPT directly may not be suitable for cloud environments due to challenges in capacity, latency, and transparency. To address these challenges, we propose QKPT, a comprehensive key management system that allows users to bring their own private keys into multi-tenant clouds. QKPT introduces a specially-designed key wrapping layer, generates a small symmetric wrapping key for each tenant, and adopts a private key wrapping scheme to enhance transparency. The system also incorporates certificate trust to enhance security and provides a hardened key server solution without the need for expensive HSM. Evaluation results show that QKPT has low runtime overhead and significantly outperforms software baseline thanks to crypto offloading.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Chenggang Wu, Yongbiao Chen, Zhengwei Qi, Haibing Guan
Summary: This paper presents a new decentralized distributed storage system called DSPR, designed for edge and IoT devices. By providing cryptographic proofs of stored data, the system actively identifies data corruption in vulnerable environments and recovers the data, reducing storage redundancy. The system achieves faster encoding and recovery speeds compared to conventional methods.
JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Beiqing Chen, Haihang Zhou, Jianguo Yao, Haibing Guan
Summary: With the increasing interest in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), multi-UAV systems have become important for various applications. However, energy efficiency is a critical issue in these systems. This article presents an energy-efficient edge cloud architecture called RESERVE and proposes decentralized algorithms and game methods for energy savings in multi-UAV systems.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SERVICES COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Zongpu Zhang, Tao Song, Liwei Lin, Yang Hua, Xufeng He, Zhengui Xue, Ruhui Ma, Haibing Guan
Summary: The paper proposes a heterogeneous distributed deep neural network (HDDNN) framework for ubiquitous intelligent computing. It optimizes the utilization of hierarchical distributed systems for DNN and tailors DNN for real-world distributed systems, resulting in low response time, high performance, and better user experience.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIG DATA
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Xingguo Jia, Jin Zhang, Boshi Yu, Xingyue Qian, Zhengwei Qi, Haibing Guan
Summary: This article introduces an open-source distributed hypervisor called GiantVM, which provides many-to-one virtualization to aggregate resources from multiple physical machines. The authors identify the performance bottleneck of GiantVM as distributed shared memory (DSM) and propose a DSM-aware Scheduler (DaS) to overcome it. Benchmarking with NAS Parallel Benchmarks shows that DaS can achieve a performance boost of up to 3.5x compared to the default Linux kernel scheduler. The authors also observe the advantage of using GiantVM as a resource reallocation facility, which can save network bandwidth and increase overall CPU utilization.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON ARCHITECTURE AND CODE OPTIMIZATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Rui Zhang, Xuesen Chu, Ruhui Ma, Meng Zhang, Liwei Lin, Honghao Gao, Haibing Guan
Summary: With the rise of IoT, multi-tier computing has become a topic of interest. This paper introduces a new task offloading method called OSTTD, which addresses the offloading of splittable tasks with topological dependence in multi-tier computing networks. OSTTD utilizes deep reinforcement learning to formulate task offloading as a sequential decision-making problem. Unlike existing approaches, OSTTD takes into account the topological dependence among sub-tasks. Through extensive simulations, OSTTD is shown to significantly reduce task processing time and improve overall efficiency in multi-tier computing networks.
IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Jianguo Yao, Qiumin Lu, Run Tian, Keqin Li, Haibing Guan
Summary: Due to its massively parallel computing ability, GPU is becoming attractive in multiple academic and industrial areas. However, there are still obstacles that GPU virtualization technologies need to overcome to reach maturity, such as the problem of resource allocation strategy. This paper introduces gOver, an economy-oriented GPU resource oversubscription system that improves economic efficiency by 20% over traditional GPU sharing strategy.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Zinuo Cai, Bojun Ren, Ruhui Ma, Haibing Guan, Mengke Tian, Yong Wang
Summary: The widespread application of artificial intelligence has led to numerous research and developments in fields like computer vision and natural language processing. However, the security of responsible AI remains a major concern. Existing solutions utilize new algorithms or cryptography to address security vulnerabilities, while hardware-assisted trusted execution environments can further enhance machine learning responsibility.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL SOCIAL SYSTEMS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jiaru Zhang, Yang Hua, Tao Song, Hao Wang, Zhengui Xue, Ruhui Ma, Haibing Guan
Summary: This paper discusses the limitations of Bayesian neural networks and proposes a solution of training with adversarial distribution. To address the computational difficulties, an adversarial sampling method is presented as an approximation. Extensive experiments on various datasets confirm the effectiveness of the adversarial sampling for improving model performance and its ability to model uncertainties when predictions are retained based on uncertainties.
THIRTY-SIXTH AAAI CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE / THIRTY-FOURTH CONFERENCE ON INNOVATIVE APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE / TWELVETH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATIONAL ADVANCES IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Jin Zhang, Xiangyao Yu, Zhengwei Qi, Haibing Guan
Summary: Distributed shared memory systems have potential in handling data-intensive applications, but existing protocols face performance issues when cache size is small. This study proposes a self-invalidation protocol called Falcon, which achieves sequential consistency and eliminates invalidation messages using per-operation timestamps. The evaluation results demonstrate that this protocol significantly improves the performance of databases and graph processing applications.
2022 IEEE 36TH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING SYMPOSIUM (IPDPS 2022)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Information Systems
Chuzhe Tang, Zhaoguo Wang, Xiaodong Zhang, Qianmian Yu, Binyu Zang, Haibing Guan, Haibo Chen
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive study on ad hoc transactions in web applications. The study shows that ad hoc transactions are common, have flexible concurrency control, but are prone to errors. They also have the potential to improve performance by utilizing application semantics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2022 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT OF DATA (SIGMOD '22)
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Xiaokang Hu, Jian Li, Ruhui Ma, Haibing Guan
Summary: This paper discusses the main performance bottleneck in I/O virtualization, which is Hypervisor intervention in the virtual I/O event path. The authors propose ES2 to improve bidirectional I/O event delivery, reduce I/O-related VM exits, and enhance I/O responsiveness. They achieve this through a hybrid I/O handling scheme and intelligent interrupt redirection.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CLOUD COMPUTING
(2022)
