Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Vita Di Stefano, Carla Buzzanca, Maria Grazia Melilli, Serena Indelicato, Manuela Mauro, Mirella Vazzana, Vincenzo Arizza, Massimo Lucarini, Alessandra Durazzo, David Bongiorno
Summary: This study investigates the utilization of byproducts and wastes of Sicilian grapes, specifically defatted grape seeds and red grape skins, as new sources of bioactive components. The research examines the phenolic content, antioxidant activities, and phenolic profiles of these grape byproducts. Results show that the defatted grape seeds and red grape skins contain various biophenols, which can be released through basic hydrolysis. The study highlights the potential for sustainable reuse and value addition of grape byproducts and waste in different fields, such as nutraceuticals.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhibin Liu, Jean-Paul Vincken, Wouter J. C. de Bruijn
Summary: Due to the low bioavailability of tea phenolics in the small intestine, their interaction with gut microbiota in the colon is important for their beneficial health effects. Phenolics from green and black tea have similar prebiotic effects and provide various health benefits through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, gut barrier protection, and bile acid metabolism regulatory effects. Understanding the prebiotic effects of tea phenolics may lead to their application in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Ajeet Singh Dhaka, Harsh Kumar Dikshit, Gyan P. Mishra, Mechiya Tomuilim Tontang, Nand Lal Meena, Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar, S. V. Ramesh, Sneh Narwal, Muraleedhar Aski, Vinutha Thimmegowda, Sanjeev Gupta, Ramakrishnan M. Nair, Shelly Praveen
Summary: This study investigated the growth conditions and nutritional profiles of six crops as microgreens. The findings showed that microgreens have valuable nutritional elements and diverse health benefits. Red cabbage and pearl-millet microgreens contained higher phenolics, while red radish and pearl-millet microgreens had higher anthocyanin content. Pearl-millet microgreens had the highest dietary fiber content.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hai-Yan Zhao, Shuang He, Qian Lan, Bao-Jun Su, Heng-Shan Wang, Dong Liang
Summary: Twelve pairs of enantiomers, including three known and twenty one undescribed sesquineolignans, were isolated from Neoshirakia japonica. The separation of these enantiomers was successfully achieved using chiral HPLC columns. The absolute configurations of all undescribed sesquineolignans were determined by analyzing their experimental ECD spectra. The isolated compounds showed limited effect on the inhibition of NO production, but compound 3c exhibited moderate radical scavenging ability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weerawich Athirojthanakij, Ali Rashidinejad
Summary: Annually, approximately one million tonnes of tea products with high concentrations of catechins and their derivatives are wasted globally. Therefore, it is valuable to extract, process, protect, and deliver green tea waste catechins (GTWCs) to the human body. In this study, a green method was used to extract GTWCs, which were then encapsulated in both single-layer liposomes (SLLs) and double-layer liposomes (DLLs). The encapsulated extracts were incorporated into fresh green kiwifruit juice. The SLLs and DLLs containing GTWCs had sizes of approximately 180 and 430 nm, with zeta potentials of -35 and +25 mV, respectively. Electron microscopy showed the separation of SLLs from the fiber in kiwifruit juice and the attraction of DLLs to this fiber. Liposomal GTWCs were effectively maintained in the kiwifruit juice during 28 days of storage at 4 degrees Celsius, demonstrating the efficacy of this delivery system for extracting high-value bioactives (i.e., catechins) from green tea waste.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sunanta Wangkarn, Kate Grudpan, Chartchai Khanongnuch, Thanawat Pattananandecha, Sutasinee Apichai, Chalermpong Saenjum
Summary: The study developed an HPLC method for detecting catechins and related compounds in Mieng, overcoming matrix issues. Seven catechins were identified, and a reproducible analysis system was developed.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ming Li, Tongcheng Xu, Wenhao Zheng, Boyan Gao, Hongyan Zhu, Ruofei Xu, Hanyu Deng, Bo Wang, Yanbei Wu, Xiangjun Sun, Yaqiong Zhang, Liangli (Lucy) Yu
Summary: There are differences in triacylglycerol profiles, phenolics, and antioxidant activities among commercial red sorghum varieties, with significant correlations observed. Most phenolic acids in red sorghums are in bound form, while soluble 3-deoxyanthocyanidins content is higher than bound forms regardless of variety. The stronger anti-inflammatory capacity of soluble phenolic fraction in Tong Za 117 is correlated with its higher TPC, TFC, and radical scavenging activity compared to its bound counterpart.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nurain Rahman, Kaiser Mahmood, Hanisah Kamilah, Syazana Sulaiman, Muhammad Ibrahim, Fazilah Ariffin
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of blanching and pickling on nutmeg pericarp, finding that these treatments significantly reduced AAT activity and myristicin content, while improving the overall quality of nutmeg.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mica Cabrera, Faizah Taher, Alendre Llantada, Quyen Do, Tyeshia Sapp, Monika Sommerhalter
Summary: Increasing water hardness can lead to decreased catechin yield in green tea, mainly due to the autoxidation of epigallocatechin (EGC) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Alkaline conditions promote autoxidation and result in browning of the tea, making some tap water unsuitable for green tea preparation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang Li, Hanqiao Liang, Dongyu Zhou, Yongmei Xing, Juan Chen
Summary: This study analyzed the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Tuber indicum at different maturity stages in China. The results showed that Tuber indicum in the early maturity stage had higher levels of phenolic and flavonoid compounds and stronger antioxidant activity.
CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nirat Katuwal, Bibek Raya, Roshan Dangol, Basanta Raj Adhikari, Yadav Kc, Atul Upadhyay
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different fermentation times on the phenolic content and radical scavenging activity of Kinema, and determined the optimal fermentation time using one-factor response surface methodology. The numerical optimization suggested an optimal fermentation time of 29.6 hours, which resulted in significantly higher total phenolics and flavonoid contents and lower DPPH radical scavenging activity compared to traditionally fermented Kinema. Moreover, the optimized Kinema had significantly higher overall sensory scores. These results indicate that fermentation time affects the amount of bioactive constituents in Kinema.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yingchun Jin, Jie Tu, Xinyao Han, Jun Zhuo, Guanhui Liu, Yanhui Han, Hengjun Du, Jun Wang, Hang Xiao
Summary: The functional properties of mulberry leaves were improved by enriching them with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The application of sodium glutamate immersion, cold shock, and anoxic treatment significantly increased the GABA content and the quantity of active phenolics. The particle size of the GABA-enriched mulberry leaf powders affected their physical properties, release of active compounds, and antioxidant and inhibition abilities. The addition of powders effectively delayed the staling of bread without altering its taste.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huda Abdalrahman Al Jumayi, Ayman Younes Allam, Alaa El-Dein El-Beltagy, Eman Hassan Algarni, Samy F. Mahmoud, Amin Abd El Halim Kandil
Summary: The study investigated the effects of several plant aqueous extracts on the quality characteristics of cold-stored rabbit meat and found that a mixture of these extracts could prolong its shelf life.
Article
Horticulture
Soya Nakagawa, Ryo Ohmura, Saki Toshima, Hyungjun Park, Yosuke Narasako, Tomonari Hirano, Motoyasu Otani, Hisato Kunitake
Summary: Anthocyanins and polyphenols in sweetpotato have multiple physiological functions attracting attention for breeders. This study investigates the diversity of these compounds and their antioxidant activities in various sweetpotato genotypes. The changes in acylated anthocyanin content and antioxidant activities during tuber growth may help improve sweetpotato cultivation and breeding.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergey Popov, Vasily Smirnov, Elizaveta Kvashninova, Victor Khlopin, Fedor Vityazev, Victoria Golovchenko
Summary: This study aimed to isolate pectins with antioxidant activity from leaves of Epilobium angustifolium L. Two pectins, EA-4.0 and EA-0.8, were extracted with high galacturonic acid content. The antioxidant capacity was found to be mainly attributed to phenolics, and partially associated with xylogalacturonan chains in the pectins.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lisete Paiva, Clara Rego, Elisabete Lima, Massimo Marcone, Jose Baptista
Summary: This study evaluates the polyphenol profiles, caffeine content, and antioxidant activities of green tea, white tea, and flower samples from two tea varieties affected by different harvesting and processing conditions. Green tea generally exhibited higher values in various parameters compared to white tea and flowers.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lisete Paiva, Elisabete Lima, Madalena Motta, Massimo Marcone, Jose Baptista
Summary: This study compared the antioxidant properties, phenolics, flavonoids, catechin profiles, and caffeine content of Azorean Camellia sinensis green tea collected in different seasons of two years. The results showed that the green tea samples from 2020 exhibited better antioxidant properties and catechin contents compared to those from 2019, except for FIC activity. The variation in TP and TF contents in different months reflects the impact of climatic variation on tea quality.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Carolina Varilla, Massimo Marcone, Lisete Paiva, Jose Baptista
Summary: Bromelain is a complex mixture derived from pineapple that exhibits various pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-thrombotic effects. It is safe for oral administration with lack of significant side effects, making it beneficial for patients in treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Elisabete Lima, Jorge Medeiros
Summary: Marine organisms synthesize various compounds to defend themselves and some of these compounds may have neuroprotective effects. Alzheimer's disease is a complex disease with both genetic and environmental factors, and there is currently no effective treatment. Alkaloids, particularly those with planar structures, halogens, and amine quaternization, may be used against Alzheimer's by reducing its clinical manifestations.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Filipe Arruda, Jose S. Rosa, Ana Rodrigues, Luisa Oliveira, Ana Lima, Jose G. Barroso, Elisabete Lima
Summary: This study investigates the impact of hydrodistillation and water-steam distillation methods on the color, yield, and chemical profile of Cryptomeria japonica leaf essential oil. The results show significant differences in the composition of the essential oil, with hydrodistillation resulting in higher levels of oxygenated sesquiterpenes, while water-steam distillation leading to higher levels of oxygenated monoterpenes.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lisete Paiva, Elisabete Lima, Madalena Motta, Massimo Marcone, Jose Baptista
Summary: In this study, the molecular constituents of Camellia sinensis, especially epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) and theaflavin-3,3'-di-O-gallate (TF-3,3'-DG), were found to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CL(pro)), an enzyme crucial for the replication of the virus. The study revealed that the content of TF-3,3'-DG varied across different seasons, tea plantation zones, plucking months, plant parts, and fermentation conditions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Lima, Filipe Arruda, Alexandre Janeiro, Jorge Medeiros, Jose Baptista, Joao Madruga, Elisabete Lima
Summary: Forest operations and wood industry produce residues that cause environmental pollution, but these biomass residues can be used to obtain value-added products like essential oils, extracts, and resins. Cryptomeria japonica biomass residues are rich in specialized metabolites with potential applications in various fields. This review provides an overview of the biological activities of organic extracts and their metabolites from different parts of C. japonica, aiming to promote the alternative uses of these wastes and establish a sustainable and circular bioeconomy.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Elisabete Lima, Amelia P. Rauter, Jorge Medeiros
Summary: The development of multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) is urgently needed to combat the multifactorial Alzheimer's disease (AD). Flavonoids from natural sources have shown activity on mechanisms associated with AD and have potential as anti-AD agents. The most active flavonoids against several clinical indications (CIs) of AD are flavanols and flavonols, which have specific structural features.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Filipe Arruda, Ana Lima, Luisa Oliveira, Tania Rodrigues, Alexandre Janeiro, Jose S. Rosa, Elisabete Lima
Summary: This study investigates the molluscicidal activity of Azorean Cryptomeria japonica leaf essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) and water-steam distillation (WSD) techniques. The results show that both essential oils had high activity against eggs, juveniles, and adult snails, with ca. 100% mortality. The lethal parameters (LC50;90 and LT50;90) were determined for adult snails and the results showed that EO-WSD had slightly higher toxicity than EO-HD. The findings suggest that Azorean CJL essential oils, especially EO-WSD, have the potential to be used as raw materials for natural molluscicide products.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lisete Paiva, Elisabete Lima, Massimo Marcone, Jose Baptista
Summary: Recent attention has focused on natural products, like Camellia sinensis tea, as alternatives to synthetic drugs for controlling hypertension. This study investigated the ACE-inhibition and antioxidant activity of different types of Azorean C. sinensis tea samples, as well as their catechin profiles, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content in different seasons. The results showed that green tea collected in the summer exhibited the best ACE-inhibition and antioxidant activity, while black tea harvested in the summer had higher total flavonoid content.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ana Lima, Filipe Arruda, Alexandre Janeiro, Tania Rodrigues, Jose Baptista, Ana Cristina Figueiredo, Elisabete Lima
Summary: This study aimed to determine the yield and chemical composition of essential oils extracted from different parts of Azorean Cryptomeria japonica and investigate their antimicrobial and brine shrimp lethality effects. Results showed differences in yield and chemical composition of the essential oils from different parts, as well as different biological activities, especially in the cone samples.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Filipe Arruda, Ana Lima, Tanner Wortham, Alexandre Janeiro, Tania Rodrigues, Jose Baptista, Jose S. Rosa, Elisabete Lima
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of different hydrodistillation timeframes on the yield, physical properties, and chemical profile of Azorean Cryptomeria japonica foliage essential oil. The results demonstrated that specific essential oil fractions can be targeted by adjusting the hydrodistillation time, reducing distillation time and operating costs.
