Observation of New States of Liquid Crystal 8CB under Nonlinear Shear Conditions as Observed via a Novel and Unique Rheology/Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Combination

New stable states of liquid crystal 8CB could be induced by nonlinear shear conditions and observed by a newly developed rheology/X-ray scattering setup using synchrotron X-ray radiation. Nonlinear,oscillatory shear created a distorted sixth order orientational structure. Even when oscillatory shear is switched off, the induced structure remains stable and can be removed only by heating the system into the isotropic state. We assume the structure to be stabilized by defects that pin the new 6-fold phase.