Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bryan Ang, Ruhollah Habibi, Ciaren Kett, Wai Hoe Chin, Kellie L. Tuck, Adrian Neild, Victor J. Cadarso
Summary: Microfluidic concentration technology can detect low concentrations of bacteria in samples, making it suitable for time-sensitive situations such as clinical settings and food quality control. By using a packed bed of micro-particles activated by surface acoustic waves, bacteria can be efficiently captured and recovered for further analysis.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yangchang Cheng, Shaohua Zhang, Lili Qin, Junxiang Zhao, Hua Song, Yang Yuan, Jiashu Sun, Fei Tian, Chao Liu
Summary: In this study, a microfluidic method based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) concentration gradient was developed for rapid, label-free, and highly efficient isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from whole blood samples. By co-injecting blood sample spiked with 0.025% PEO as the side fluid and 0.075% PEO solution as the center fluid, stable concentration gradients of PEO were formed within the microchannel. The competition between elastic lift force and inertial lift force enabled size-based separation of CTCs and blood cells, with a processing capacity of 1 mL of blood sample in 30 min, separation efficiency >90%, and enrichment ratio >700 for tumor cells. Immunofluorescence staining of the isolated CTCs allowed for accurate discrimination of breast cancer patients from healthy donors with an accuracy of 84.2%. The concentration gradient-based microfluidic separation provides a powerful tool for label-free isolation of CTCs for various clinical applications.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alireza Barani, Peiman Mosaddegh, Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard, Shahrokh Sepehrirahnama, Amir Sanati-Nezhad
Summary: An acoustophoretic microfluid system using a hybrid sound-hard and sound-soft material has been developed, showing improved performance compared to devices made of acoustically hard materials. The hybrid device allows for easier tuning of nodal lines and reduces temperature rise, making it safer for particle manipulation applications. This new device overcomes the limitations of traditional sound-soft and sound-hard materials, making it a cost-effective and versatile option for ultrasound particle manipulation in bioengineering.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Raul Fernandez-Mateo, Victor Calero, Hywel Morgan, Antonio Ramos, Pablo Garcia-Sanchez
Summary: This paper investigates stationary electroosmotic flows of electrolytes around insulating constrictions induced by low frequency AC electric fields, introducing the concept of concentration-polarization electroosmosis. Experimental results are in qualitative agreement with the model predictions, but trapping of particles in shallow channels is also observed.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Suhyeon Kim, Hyoryung Nam, Eunji Lee, Ji-Won Huh, You-Me Kim, Hyungkook Jeon, Geunbae Lim
Summary: We have developed a multifunctional microfluidic device that can lyse cells and separate intracellular components, offering advantages of simple fabrication, low cost, and bubble-free operation. The device utilizes an amplified electric field in the ion-depletion region formed by ion concentration polarization, allowing for sequential processing of cell lysis and separation of nano-sized components.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jun Ma, Dongfang Liang, Xin Yang, Hanlin Wang, Fangda Wu, Chao Sun, Yang Xiao
Summary: This study presents a numerical investigation of the transient motion of suspended particles in a microchannel using surface acoustic wave technology. The research identifies the threshold particle size that separates the regime dominated by Stokes Drag Force and Acoustic Radiation Force, and offers guidance on device design and operation by examining the time scale of particle movement.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART H-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Kenta Fukada, Michiko Seyama
Summary: Microfluidic control using reinforced learning with failure-based rewards can maximize training effect and find optimal separating conditions automatically, making it valuable in fields such as automatic synthetic chemistry, biomedical analysis, and microfabrication robotics.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jiale Cao, Xiaopeng Bai, Daochun Xu, Wenbin Li, Chongchong Chen
Summary: In this study, the kinetic models of stalk-branch and stalk-fruit were analyzed under different vibration modes by establishing a local vibration model. Static separation force tests were conducted to analyze the inertial force and separation force of the vibration response, and the separation ratios were derived under different vibration parameters. The results can guide the development and adjustment of vibration parameters for harvesting and further study the effect of excitation mode on fruit shedding.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Ke Chen, Ran An, Chenxi Li, Yuan Kang, Fengxiang Ma, Xinyu Zhao, Min Guo, Hongchao Qi, Jikuan Zhao
Summary: A photoacoustic gas detection system based on ultra-high sensitive fiber-optic acoustic sensing technique was designed to detect ultra-low concentration acetylene in transformer oil. By utilizing an erbium-doped fiber amplifier and a cantilever based fiber-optic acoustic sensor, the interference of carbon dioxide and water vapor on the acetylene absorption signal was reduced. Experimental results showed a response time of 9 minutes and a detection limit of 0.05 mu L/L.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Maan Al-Zareer
Summary: This paper introduces a microfluidic separation device based on hydrodynamic focusing, equipped with dual neodymium magnets for positive magnetophoretic microparticles and cell separation. By minimizing damage to the particles through different inlet flow rates, efficient separation of particles is achieved.
MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shao-Li Hong, Xuan Wang, Zhong-Hua Bao, Meng-Fan Zhang, Man Tang, Nangang Zhang, Huihong Liu, Zi-Yuan Zhu, Kan Liu, Zhi-Liang Chen, Wei Li
Summary: This study presents a one-step detection of multiple influenza virus subtypes using microbead encoding technology on a microfluidic chip. The different subtypes of influenza virus were linearly encoded and detected with high sensitivity using magnetic separation and size-dependent microfluidic structures. The assay also demonstrated automation through the use of a microcontroller unit and two-way syringe pump.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Milan Radovanovic, Marko Ilic, Kristian Pastor, Marijana Acanski, Sanja Panic, Vladimir V. Srdic, Danijela Randjelovic, Tijana Kojic, Goran M. Stojanovic
Summary: This paper presents a portable microfluidic platform based on a filter paper for quickly determining the quality of olive oil by measuring electrical resistance. Experimental results show that the variation in electrical resistance successfully indicates the oil proportions in measured blends.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hong Jin Choi, Jong Hyun Lee, Ok Chan Jeong
Summary: This article introduces a method for controlling particle concentration using a pneumatic valve on a microfluidic platform. The method successfully intercepts and separates particles of various sizes, showing practical application potential.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jiaju Hong, Chenzhao Bai, Yuting Cheng, Chengjie Wang, Hongpeng Zhang, Guobin Li, Xiaotian Wang, Wei Li, Ilerioluwa Joseph, Xupeng Zhao, Shuang Yu
Summary: This experiment designed a dual-coil micro-impedance resonant sensor for on-line detection and impurity analysis of mechanical oil systems. By designing the double coil, inductance and capacitance detection are realized on the same chip, and the detection sensitivity of the sensor is further improved through the resonant circuit formed by the sensor plus an inductive element and a capacitive element. This paper establishes a resonant circuit model and verifies its accuracy through theoretical analysis and comparison with a sensor without micro-impedance resonance, confirming the better detection sensitivity of the resonant sensor.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chungen Qian, Yujin Xiao, Jie Wang, Yiwei Li, Shunji Li, Bo Wei, Wei Du, Xiaojun Feng, Peng Chen, Bi-Feng Liu
Summary: Exosomes, along with their associated proteins and nucleic acids, are recognized as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and prognosis. Detecting exosomes is challenging due to their small size and low concentration. A low-cost, rapid, and portable agarose-based microfluidic chip for exosome concentration and in situ exosomal microRNA detection was developed, providing a new avenue for early cancer detection.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ju A. La, Seongyu Lee, A-Ra Hong, Ji Young Byun, JoonHyun Kang, Il Ki Han, Younghak Cho, Gumin Kang, Ho Seong Jang, Hyungduk Ko
Summary: The study introduces a super-boosted hybrid plasmonic upconversion architecture for efficient photodetection, utilizing a hierarchical plasmonic upconversion film and a polymeric microlens array film. By combining plasmonic metasurfaces with Au core-satellite nanoassembly films, an enhanced plasmonic effect is achieved to significantly lower the detectable power limit of the device, resulting in superior sensitivity and responsivity. Coupling a triple-cation perovskite-based photodetector with the hybrid plasmonic UC film demonstrates excellent values of responsivity and detectivity, enhancing the device performance by more than 10,000 times over a reference sample.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Uihwan Kim, Joo-Yong Kwon, Taehoon Kim, Younghak Cho
Summary: This paper investigates the behavior of particles in microchannels under Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, comparing and studying their behavior through experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that in Newtonian fluids, particles exhibit multi-line focusing, while in non-Newtonian fluids, particles focus in a single line. In microchannels with equilateral hexagonal cross sections, particle focusing is tighter than in microchannels with rhombic cross sections. The simulations support the experimental observations that viscoelastic fluids significantly affect particle migration in both types of microchannels, due to the combined effects of inertia and elasticity.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dongsun Yeom, Jeongtae Kim, Sungil Kim, Sanghoon Ahn, Jiyeon Choi, Youngwook Kim, Chiwan Koo
Summary: This study introduces a rapid and inexpensive thermocycler that uses a thin glass chip and a cheap chip resistor to quickly heat samples. Compared to traditional PCR systems, microchip PCR devices can reduce operation time and cost.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Han Zhang, Can Huang, Yuwen Li, Rohit Gupte, Ryan Samuel, Jing Dai, Adrian Guzman, Rushant Sabnis, Paul de Figueiredo, Arum Han
Summary: FIDELITY is a highly sensitive and accurate size-based droplet band-pass filter that leverages the natural buoyancy of droplets and localized dielectrophoretic force. It achieves high precision droplet manipulation with high throughput and small diameter differences, demonstrating its importance in practical applications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ourlad Alzeus G. Tantengco, Lauren S. Richardson, Enkhtuya Radnaa, Ananth Kumar Kammala, Sungjin Kim, Paul Mark B. Medina, Arum Han, Ramkumar Menon
Summary: This study developed an organ-on-a-chip that mimics the female reproductive tract during pregnancy and used both cell culture and animal models to investigate the mechanism by which genital mycoplasmas cause preterm birth. The findings indicate that genital mycoplasmas can colonize and induce inflammation in epithelial and stromal cells of the lower genital tract. The combination of mycoplasma infection and LPS results in increased inflammation. In an animal model, intra-amniotic injection of mycoplasma leads to preterm birth. Vaginal inoculation of mycoplasma has minimal effects on preterm birth.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Younghwan Kang, Sangdong Choi, Chiwan Koo, Yeunho Joung
Summary: This paper presents a silicon-dioxide-coated capacitive electrode system for an ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG), which simplifies circuit analysis and achieves high-quality ambulatory ECG signals. By optimizing the electrode diameter, optimal ambulatory ECG signals were obtained.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jeongtae Kim, Sungil Kim, Jiyeon Choi, Chiwan Koo
Summary: This article presents a 3D miniaturized magnetic-driven glass centrifugal pump for microfluidic devices. It is compact and portable, and the flow rate can be controlled by the RPM. It is suitable for producing integrated and portable microfluidic devices.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jingyu Choi, Younghwan Kang, Jaesoon Park, Yeunho Joung, Chiwan Koo
Summary: Research has shown that pulse transit time (PTT) can be used to estimate blood pressure without a cuff. In this study, a cuffless blood pressure monitor was proposed using a microphone to measure real-time blood pressure. The monitor uses the PTT between the R-peak of the ECG signal and two feature points of the blood pulse wave in the radial artery to estimate SBP and DBP. Results showed similar estimations to a commercial cuff blood pressure monitor without the need for calibration.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Youngseo Cho, Jungwoo Kim, Jaewon Park, Hyun Soo Kim, Younghak Cho
Summary: This study proposes a microfluidic device for generating monodisperse micro-droplets, which has an asymmetric cross-sectional shape and high hypotenuse-to-width ratio (HTWR). It was found that the size and uniformity of the generated micro-droplets were affected by the HTWR of the channels, with monodisperse micro-droplets being generated when the HTWR of the asymmetric channel was over 3.5. The flow direction of the oil solution also affected the size of micro-droplets due to the asymmetric channel structures. Two kinds of monodisperse droplets with different sizes were successfully generated using the asymmetric channel structure in the developed microfluidic device.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Can Huang, Song- Han, Han Zhang, Arum Han
Summary: Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems provide cost-effective and time-efficient biological assays at a small volume scale. Dielectrophoretic (DEP)-based manipulation technologies, due to their label-free and high selectivity natures, have been extensively developed for accurate and specific cell and reagent control. This article provides a tutorial on developing DEP-based microfluidic systems, including theory, simulation, microfabrication, and applications. Possible future directions on utilizing DEP-based technologies to overcome challenges and improve microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems are suggested.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lauren Richardson, Enkhtuya Radnaa, Ryan C. V. Lintao, Rheanna Urrabaz-Garza, Ruhi Maredia, Arum Han, Jiaren Sun, Ramkumar Menon
Summary: During pregnancy, the chorion and decidua form the feto-maternal interface, where immune cells remain quiescent to avoid invasion of the chorion. Infection and infiltration of activated immune cells towards the chorion can lead to preterm birth, but the mechanisms maintaining immune balance in the choriodecidual interface are not well understood. To study this, researchers created a two-chamber microphysiological system (MPS) to model the human choriodecidual immune interface under normal and infectious conditions. The results highlight the utility of the MPS in understanding immune cell infiltration and maternal-fetal crosstalk during infection.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lovedeep Singh, Sungjin You, Byung Jang Jeong, Chiwan Koo, Youngwook Kim
Summary: This paper proposes a method for remotely estimating a human subject's blood pressure using a millimeter-wave radar system. It investigates the use of pulse wave velocity (PWV) and the area under the curve (AUC) as features to measure blood pressure. The experiment shows that artificial neural networks can accurately estimate systolic and diastolic blood pressure with low root mean square errors.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jinhyeuk Song, Jaekyeong Jang, Taehoon Kim, Younghak Cho
Summary: This study investigates particle separation in a T-shaped microchannel and finds that a Newtonian/viscoelastic co-flow system effectively separates particles based on size compared to a Newtonian/Newtonian system. Increasing the flow rate ratio enhances the separation efficiency in the Newtonian/viscoelastic co-flow configuration.
Article
Acoustics
Seongil Hwang, Myunghan Lee, Kang Duck Ih, Yong-Joe Kim
Summary: Analyzing the contribution of various automobile noise sources to interior noise is crucial for designing a vehicle with low interior noise. A new method using LDL decomposition successfully decomposes the interior noise spectrum into multiple spectra, each representing the contribution of a physically meaningful noise source.
NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
Younghak Cho, Jihong Hwang, Min-Soo Park, Bo Hyun Kim
Summary: Silicon carbide (SiC) is a promising material for various industrial applications due to its wide bandgap, high thermal stability, and wear resistance. However, fabricating micro-features on SiC is costly and time-consuming. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art processes for fabricating micro-3D structures on SiC and discusses their advantages and limitations to guide process selection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRECISION ENGINEERING AND MANUFACTURING
(2022)
