Article
Neurosciences
Sridhar R. Jagannathan, Corinne A. Bareham, Tristan A. Bekinschtein
Summary: This study used EEG and behavioral modeling to examine the cognitive and neural dynamics of decision-making in awake and low-alertness states in humans. The results showed that during periods of low alertness, reaction times were slower, attention to the left side of space decreased, and the rate of evidence accumulation was lower. Additionally, there was a delay in the neural signatures distinguishing between left and right decisions and a spatial reconfiguration of neural activity. These findings reveal the mechanisms of cognitive resilience in the face of decreased alertness.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Javier Masis, Travis Chapman, Juliana Y. Rhee, David D. Cox, Andrew M. Saxe
Summary: Balancing short-term speed and accuracy is crucial for making optimal decisions in the presence of noise. This study demonstrates the importance of long-term learning in the speed-accuracy trade-off and provides a theoretical framework that incorporates learning dynamics. The findings reveal that choosing suboptimal response times to facilitate faster learning can lead to greater total reward, suggesting cognitive control over the learning process.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Tianyao Zhu
Summary: This study focused on a bias observed in decision-making called the last-sampling bias, where people tend to choose the option they sampled last. The study found that attention causally affects choices and the influence between attention and evidence accumulation is bidirectional during perceptual decision-making.
Article
Neurosciences
Prapasiri Sawetsuttipan, Phond Phunchongharn, Kajornvut Ounjai, Annalisa Salazar, Sarigga Pongsuwan, Singh Intrachooto, John T. Serences, Sirawaj Itthipuripat
Summary: Perceptual difficulty and selective attention are two distinct factors that can modulate the gain of neural responses in early sensory areas. Previous studies have found conflicting evidence regarding the effect of perceptual difficulty on gain modulations in the visual cortex. This study used EEG to examine the relationship between perceptual difficulty and attentional gain in the visual cortex, and found a nonlinear inverted-U relationship, suggesting that perceptual difficulty mediates attention-related changes in perceptual performance.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Genis Prat-Ortega, Klaus Wimmer, Alex Roxin, Jaime de la Rocha
Summary: The attractor network model demonstrates a novel flexible categorization regime that allows reversals of initial incorrect categorizations, leading to a non-monotonic psychometric curve.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Jing, Chen Yang, Xin Huang, Wu Li
Summary: Neural coding in V4 and PFC during visual perceptual learning shows enhanced components related to target features and behavioral choices, indicating the importance of concurrent perceptual and cognitive learning processes.
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaodong Li, Ruixin Su, Yilin Chen, Tianming Yang
Summary: This study establishes a value-based theoretical framework for studying uncertainty and perceptual decisions. By adapting the random-dot motion direction discrimination task, participants were able to indicate their uncertainty before making a decision. The addition of an uncertainty option was found to affect perceptual decision making.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Nicole R. Stefanac, Shou-Han Zhou, Megan M. Spencer-Smith, Redmond O'Connell, Mark A. Bellgrove
Summary: The study found that children with dyslexia exhibit reduced evidence accumulation rate and peak, as well as slower reaction times in perceptual decision-making. Further analysis based on reading profiles revealed that lexical dyslexics performed worse than sublexical dyslexics in terms of response speed and CPP waveforms.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nazia Jassim, Adrian M. Owen, Paula Smith, John Suckling, Rebecca P. Lawson, Simon Baron-Cohen, Owen Parsons
Summary: The study found that in discriminating between similar figures, individuals with autism are more likely to choose the mismatch option, leading to more incorrect judgments.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Alexander Kuc, Vadim V. Grubov, Vladimir A. Maksimenko, Natalia Shusharina, Alexander N. Pisarchik, Alexander E. Hramov
Summary: This study investigates the impact of ambiguity on EEG features during a perceptual decision-making task using a wavelet-based method, revealing changes in specific time-frequency patterns. It shows a monotonic increase in beta-band power throughout the perceptual process, with ambiguity leading to increased beta-band power in the frontal region, possibly reflecting greater reliance on top-down mechanisms. The observed beta-band biomarkers are significant in single EEG trials and could potentially be used as control commands for brain-computer interfaces (BCI).
Article
Psychology
Marine Hainguerlot, Thibault Gajdos, Jean-Christophe Vergnaud, Vincent de Gardelle
Summary: In perceptual decision making, human observers typically do not optimally combine sensory information and prior knowledge, resulting in a conservative decision bias. One possible explanation is that observers are overconfident in their ability to interpret sensory information. However, our study found that while overconfidence bias and conservative decision bias were present, there was no predicted link between them. Instead, our data suggested that overconfident participants put less effort into processing sensory information when informed about the prior probability. These findings offer new perspectives on the role of overconfidence bias in explaining suboptimal decisions.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Brian Maniscalco, Brian Odegaard, Piercesare Grimaldi, Seong Hah Cho, Michele A. Basso, Hakwan Lau, Megan A. K. Peters
Summary: The study challenges the traditional model of perceptual confidence, suggesting that the brain actually utilizes the diversity of available machinery to implement heuristic strategies. Additionally, the research reveals that confidence and the probability of correct decisions can be dissociated.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Michael A. Cohen, Jonathan Keefe, Timothy F. Brady
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated different paradigms of visual awareness to determine whether conscious awareness occurs in a discrete or gradual manner. They found that a continuous signal detection model could account for the data from all the paradigms, surpassing the models supporting a discrete view of consciousness. These findings suggest that conscious awareness operates along a graded continuum.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Tarryn Balsdon, Pascal Mamassian, Valentin Wyart
Summary: This study examined neural activity associated with perceptual decision-making and confidence evaluation, revealing distinct patterns even after observers had made their decision commitments. The neural resources for confidence computation were located in specific brain regions, demonstrating a dissociation between perception and confidence evaluation.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
R. Rajesh
Summary: The study finds that in the process of achieving sustainability and resilience, companies are more willing to balance the relationship between the two, and often prefer to prioritize combining the two for implementation. Additionally, utilizing the grey target decision-making and trade-off implementation model can help senior management better identify and prioritize the conflicting attributes between sustainability and resilience.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael Okun, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Armin Lak, Martynas Dervinis, Kenneth D. Harris
Article
Neurosciences
Tatiana A. Engel, Nicholas A. Steinmetz
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Sylvia Schroder, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Michael Krumin, Marius Pachitariu, Matteo Rizzi, Leon Lagnado, Kenneth D. Harris, Matteo Carandini
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elina A. K. Jacobs, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Andrew J. Peters, Matteo Carandini, Kenneth D. Harris
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew J. Peters, Julie M. J. Fabre, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Kenneth D. Harris, Matteo Carandini
Summary: The relationship between cortical and striatal activity is precise, topographic, causal, and invariant to behavior. Striatal activity follows a mediolateral gradient related to different behavioral correlates. This consistent and causal mapping of cortical activity in the striatum is not influenced by task engagement.
Article
Neurosciences
Jochem van Kempen, Marc A. Gieselmann, Michael Boyd, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Tirin Moore, Tatiana A. Engel, Alexander Thiele
Summary: Fluctuations in cortical excitability affect sensory processing and behavior. These fluctuations are coordinated across different brain areas, with top-down attention enhancing this coordination. The degree of local state coordination between different areas can predict behavioral performance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Cagatay Aydin, Anna Lebedeva, Michael Okun, Marius Pachitariu, Marius Bauza, Maxime Beau, Jai Bhagat, Claudia Bohm, Martijn Broux, Susu Chen, Jennifer Colonell, Richard J. Gardner, Bill Karsh, Fabian Kloosterman, Dimitar Kostadinov, Carolina Mora-Lopez, John O'Callaghan, Junchol Park, Jan Putzeys, Britton Sauerbrei, Rik J. J. van Daal, Abraham Z. Vollan, Shiwei Wang, Marleen Welkenhuysen, Zhiwen Ye, Joshua T. Dudman, Barundeb Dutta, Adam W. Hantman, Kenneth D. Harris, Albert K. Lee, Edvard Moser, John O'Keefe, Alfonso Renart, Karel Svoboda, Michael Hausser, Sebastian Haesler, Matteo Carandini, Timothy D. Harris
Summary: The research introduces the Neuropixels 2.0 probe and newly designed analysis algorithms, enabling high-quality recordings for long time scales in small mammals. Automatic post hoc correction for brain movements allows recording from the same neurons for more than 2 months. These probes and algorithms enable stable recordings from thousands of sites during free behavior.
Article
Biology
Peter Zatka-Haas, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Matteo Carandini, Kenneth D. Harris
Summary: Correlates of sensory stimuli and motor actions are found in multiple cortical areas, but only the sensory signals localized in visual and frontal cortex play a causal role in task performance, while widespread dorsal cortical signals correlating with movement reflect processes that do not play a causal role.
Article
Neurosciences
Edward Zagha, Jeffrey C. Erlich, Soohyun Lee, Gyorgy Lur, Daniel H. O'Connor, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Carsen Stringer, Hongdian Yang
Summary: Recent studies have found that movement-related activity is present throughout the mouse brain, including early sensory areas. Failing to consider movement when interpreting neuronal function may lead to misattributing activity to other processes. Functional couplings between movement and other activities make it difficult to fully isolate sensory, motor, and cognitive-related activity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Peter C. Petersen, Joshua H. Siegle, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Sara Mahallati, Gyorgy Buzsaki
Summary: CellExplorer is an open-source MATLAB-based framework designed for processing, visualizing, and standardizing features of neurons, such as physiological metrics, neuron type classification, and synaptic connections. Its powerful graphical interface allows users to explore computed features quickly and relate their data to a growing public collection of neurons.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yan-Liang Shi, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Tirin Moore, Kwabena Boahen, Tatiana A. Engel
Summary: Correlated activity fluctuations in the neocortex influence sensory responses and behavior. We measured correlations within columns in the visual cortex and found that these correlations can be explained by columnar On-Off dynamics. Our study reveals how the interactions between cortical state dynamics, anatomical connectivity, and attention give rise to spatially structured patterns of correlated variability.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roxana Zeraati, Yan-Liang Shi, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Marc A. Gieselmann, Alexander Thiele, Tirin Moore, Anna Levina, Tatiana A. Engel
Summary: This study investigates the changes in intrinsic timescales during cognitive tasks. The authors demonstrate that intrinsic timescales of neural activity in the visual cortex change with spatial attention. The results suggest that attentional modulation of timescales is due to changes in the efficacy of recurrent interactions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
David J. Ottenheimer, Madelyn M. Hjort, Anna J. Bowen, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Garret D. Stuber
Summary: This study demonstrates the stable encoding of cue-reward learning by individual prefrontal neurons and reveals a certain advantage of the prefrontal cortex in value coding.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Stefano Recanatesi, Serena Bradde, Vijay Balasubramanian, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, Eric Shea-Brown
Summary: This passage introduces a scale-dependent participation ratio method to determine the dimensionality of systems at different scales, which can be applied to various systems and studies of brain activity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nathaniel J. Linden, Dennis R. Tabuena, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, William J. Moody, Steven L. Brunton, Bingni W. Brunton
Summary: Widefield calcium imaging is a powerful experimental technique for recording large-scale brain activity, allowing researchers to study the spatiotemporal coherent structures underlying neural activity. By leveraging analytic techniques from fluid dynamics, a visualization framework called FLOW portraits has been developed to map wavefronts correlated with behavioral events. These FLOW portraits provide an intuitive map of dynamic calcium activity, including regions of initiation and termination, as well as the direction and extent of activity spread, capturing coherent structures that are not well represented by traditional modal decomposition techniques.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2021)