Article
Cell Biology
Nongthombam Boby, Alyssa Ransom, Barcley T. Pace, Kelsey M. Williams, Christopher Mabee, Arpita Das, Sudesh K. Srivastav, Edith Porter, Bapi Pahar
Summary: Increased production of TGF-beta was observed in intestinal CD3(-)CD20(-)CD68(+) cells from SIV-infected rhesus macaques, which negatively correlated with the frequency of jejunum CD4(+) T cells. Disruption of a negative feedback loop mediated by SMAD7 may enhance TGF-beta production and SMAD-dependent signaling in SIV infection.
Article
Immunology
Nongthombam Boby, Xuewei Cao, Alyssa Ransom, Barcley T. Pace, Christopher Mabee, Monica N. Shroyer, Arpita Das, Peter J. Didier, Sudesh K. Srivastav, Edith Porter, Qiuying Sha, Bapi Pahar
Summary: Research has shown that under SIV infection, intestinal epithelial regeneration decreases, certain cell types increase, and differentially expressed genes in important pathways are downregulated. Despite the lack of significant reduction in stem cell population, dysregulation of intestinal stem cell niche factors, presence of inflammatory factors, and loss of epithelial barrier function, suggest that SIV infection impacts epithelial cell proliferation and intestinal homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Saori Matsuoka, Takeo Kuwata, Hiroshi Ishii, Tsuyoshi Sekizuka, Makoto Kuroda, Masato Sano, Midori Okazaki, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Mikiko Shimizu, Shuzo Matsushita, Yohei Seki, Akatsuki Saito, Hiromi Sakawaki, Vanessa M. Hirsch, Tomoyuki Miura, Hirofumi Akari, Tetsuro Matano
Summary: This study found a potent antibody induction associated with germ line BCR/antibody Ig gene polymorphism in rhesus macaques infected with SIV. The results demonstrate that a single nucleotide polymorphism in germ line Ig genes could be a determinant for induction of potent antibodies against virus infection. Germ line BCR/antibody Ig gene polymorphisms may be a factor restricting effective antibody induction or responsiveness to vaccination.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kevin S. White, Joshua A. Walker, John Wang, Patrick Autissier, Andrew D. Miller, Nadia N. Abuelezan, Rachel Burrack, Qingsheng Li, Woong-Ki Kim, Kenneth C. Williams
Summary: Despite effective antiretroviral therapy, comorbidities such as neurocognitive dysfunction and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remain prevalent among people living with HIV. This study investigates the co-development of cardiac pathology and CNS pathology in SIV-infected rhesus macaques, demonstrating a strong correlation with activated myeloid cells. Similar observations were confirmed in HIV-infected individuals, highlighting the need for adjunctive therapies targeting macrophages.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Bapi Pahar, Wayne Gray, Marissa Fahlberg, Brooke Grasperge, Meredith Hunter, Arpita Das, Christopher Mabee, Pyone Pyone Aye, Faith Schiro, Krystle Hensley, Aneeka Ratnayake, Kelly Goff, Celia LaBranche, Xiaoying Shen, Georgia D. Tomaras, C. Todd DeMarco, David Montefiori, Patricia Kissinger, Preston A. Marx, Vicki Traina-Dorge
Summary: By using a varicella virus-vectored SIV vaccine and protein boosts, this study demonstrated a 37.5% efficacy rate against pathogenic SIV challenge in a rhesus macaque model by generating neutralizing antibodies, binding antibodies, and polyfunctional T-cell responses.
Article
Immunology
Dan Liu, Jiaojiao Liu, Tingting Xu, Hongwei Qiao, Yu Qi, Yuxun Gao, Ailixire, Lei Gao, Chunlin Li, Mingrui Xia, Hongjun Li
Summary: Using SIV-infected macaques as a model, this study found brain volume changes at 12 weeks post-infection in various brain regions. Despite early initiation of cART after SIV infection, brain atrophy in macaques was still observed, with signs of potential reversibility. Plasma viral load was associated with subcortical nucleus volume, while CD4(+) T-cell count and CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio in plasma were linked to widespread cortical volume changes.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Benjamin D. Varco-Merth, William Brantley, Alejandra Marenco, Derick D. Duell, Devin N. Fachko, Brian Richardson, Kathleen Busman-Sahay, Danica Shao, Walter Flores, Kathleen Engelman, Yoshinori Fukazawa, Scott W. Wong, Rebecca L. Skalsky, Jeremy Smedley, Michael K. Axthelm, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Jacob D. Estes, Paul T. Edlefsen, Louis J. Picker, Cheryl M. A. Cameron, Timothy J. Henrich, Afam A. Okoye
Summary: Inhibiting mTOR can decrease the proliferation of CD4(+)TM cells, but chronic mTOR inhibition alone or in combination with T cell activation is not sufficient to disrupt the stability of the SIV reservoir.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yongjun Sui, Jianping Li, Roushu Zhang, Sunaina Kiran Prabhu, Hanne Andersen, David Venzon, Anthony Cook, Renita Brown, Elyse Teow, Jason Velasco, Jack Greenhouse, Tammy Putman-Taylor, Tracey-Ann Campbell, Laurent Pessaint, Ian N. Moore, Laurel Lagenaur, Jim Talton, Matthew W. Breed, Josh Kramer, Kevin W. Bock, Mahnaz Minai, Bianca M. Nagata, Mark G. Lewis, Lai-Xi Wang, Jay A. Berzofsky
Summary: Comparing two adjuvanted subunit vaccines in rhesus macaques, the study found that both vaccines were effective in protecting against respiratory SARS-CoV-2 exposure, despite potential differences in mucosal and systemic protective mechanisms. The mucosal vaccine was shown to be safe after multiple doses, efficiently clearing the input virus from the nasal cavity, and may serve as a potent complementary boost to conventional systemic vaccines for overall better protection.
Article
Virology
Widade Ziani, Anya Bauer, Hong Lu, Xiaolei Wang, Xueling Wu, Katharine J. Bar, Hui Li, Dongfang Liu, George M. Shaw, Ronald S. Veazey, Huanbin Xu
Summary: The newly developed SHIV.C.CH848 can establish sustained viremia and viral reservoirs in rhesus macaques with clinical immunodeficiency consequences, providing a valuable SHIV model for HIV research. The findings suggest that this CCR5-tropic, SHIVC strain is valuable for testing responses to HIV vaccines and therapeutics in nonhuman primate models.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Anya Bauer, Emily Lindemuth, Francesco Elia Marino, Ryan F. Krause, Jaimy Joy, Steffen P. Docken, Suvadip Mallick, Kevin M. McCormick, Clinton J. Holt, Ivelin A. Georgiev, Barbara C. Felber, Brandon A. Keele, Ronald C. Veazey, Miles A. Davenport, Hui C. Li, George A. Shaw, Katharine C. Bar
Summary: This study reported the generation of a minimally adapted virus, SHIV.C.CH505.v2, which has enhanced replication fitness and preserved native Env properties. It can be used as a new reagent for nonhuman primate studies of HIV-1 transmission, pathogenesis, and cure.
Article
Cell Biology
Nicholas S. Rhoades, Michael Davies, Sloan A. Lewis, Isaac R. Cinco, Steven G. Kohama, Luiz E. Bermudez, Kevin L. Winthrop, Cristina Fuss, Julie A. Mattison, Eliot R. Spindel, Ilhem Messaoudi
Summary: Older individuals are more susceptible to severe respiratory infections. A cross-sectional study on rhesus macaque model reveals age-related changes in lung function, microbial composition, and immune landscape, explaining the increased prevalence and severity of respiratory diseases in the elderly.
Article
Immunology
Naofumi Takahashi, Amir Ardeshir, Gerard E. Holder, Yanhui Cai, Chie Sugimoto, Kazuyasu Mori, Mariluz Arainga, Ziyuan He, Yayoi Fukuyo, Woong-Ki Kim, Elizabeth S. Didier, Marcelo J. Kuroda
Summary: Increased monocyte turnover was found to have a stronger correlation and contribution to decreased survival time in SIV/SHIV-infected rhesus macaques compared to CD4(+) T-cell decline, plasma viral load, or virus strain. A monocyte turnover rate of 13.2% was identified as the initial significant threshold that best predicted decreased survival time.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Julian B. Hattler, Derek L. Irons, Jiangtao Luo, Woong-Ki Kim
Summary: This study found that in the brain during SIV pathogenesis, there was an increase in the number of CCR5+ CD8 T cells and a downregulated CCR5 expression on infected PVMs, likely through ERK1/2-driven, clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiao L. Chang, Gabriela M. Webb, Helen L. Wu, Justin M. Greene, Shaheed Abdulhaqq, Katherine B. Bateman, Jason S. Reed, Cleiton Pessoa, Whitney C. Weber, Nicholas Maier, Glen M. Chew, Roxanne M. Gilbride, Lina Gao, Rebecca Agnor, Travis Giobbi, Jeffrey Torgerson, Don Siess, Nicole Burnett, Miranda Fischer, Oriene Shiel, Cassandra Moats, Bruce Patterson, Kush Dhody, Scott Kelly, Nader Pourhassan, Diogo M. Magnani, Jeremy Smedley, Benjamin N. Bimber, Nancy L. Haigwood, Scott G. Hansen, Timothy R. Brown, Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu, Jonah B. Sacha
Summary: This study demonstrates that competitive inhibition of HIV Env-CCR5 binding with the CCR5-specific antibody Leronlimab can protect rhesus macaques from infection by CCR5-tropic SHIV, suggesting that CCR5 blockade is a promising approach for HIV prophylaxis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Antonio Solis-Leal, Summer Siddiqui, Fei Wu, Mahesh Mohan, Wenhui Hu, Lara A. Doyle-Meyers, Jason P. Dufour, Binhua Ling
Summary: The basal ganglia in SIV-infected chRMs have a high frequency of SIV even on ART, indicating ongoing neuroinflammation. Plasma CCL2 may serve as a biomarker for neuroinflammation.
Article
Immunology
Jessica B. Graham, Jessica L. Swarts, Vineet D. Menachery, Lisa E. Gralinski, Alexandra Schafer, Kenneth S. Plante, Clayton R. Morrison, Kathleen M. Voss, Richard Green, Gabrielle Choonoo, Sophia Jeng, Darla R. Miller, Michael A. Mooney, Shannon K. McWeeney, Martin T. Ferris, Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena, Michael Gale, Mark T. Heise, Ralph S. Baric, Jennifer M. Lund
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Phuong-Uyen C. Dinh, Dipti Paudel, Hayden Brochu, Kristen D. Popowski, M. Cyndell Gracieux, Jhon Cores, Ke Huang, M. Taylor Hensley, Erin Harrell, Adam C. Vandergriff, Arianna K. George, Raina T. Barrio, Shiqi Hu, Tyler A. Allen, Kevin Blackburn, Thomas G. Caranasos, Xinxia Peng, Lauren V. Schnabel, Kenneth B. Adler, Leonard J. Lobo, Michael B. Goshe, Ke Cheng
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Katelyn Burleigh, Joanna H. Maltbaek, Stephanie Cambier, Richard Green, Michael Gale, Richard C. James, Daniel B. Stetson
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Hayden N. Brochu, Elizabeth Tseng, Elise Smith, Matthew J. Thomas, Aiden M. Jones, Kayleigh R. Diveley, Lynn Law, Scott G. Hansen, Louis J. Picker, Michael Gale, Xinxia Peng
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sladjana Skopelja-Gardner, Jie An, Joyce Tai, Lena Tanaka, Xizhang Sun, Payton Hermanson, Rebecca Baum, Masaoki Kawasumi, Richard Green, Michael Gale, Andrea Kalus, Victoria P. Werth, Keith B. Elkon
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Biology
Elliott Swanson, Cara Lord, Julian Reading, Alexander T. Heubeck, Palak C. Genge, Zachary Thomson, Morgan Da Weiss, Xiao-jun Li, Adam K. Savage, Richard R. Green, Troy R. Torgerson, Thomas F. Bumol, Lucas T. Graybuck, Peter J. Skene
Summary: Single-cell measurements play a key role in understanding diverse pathways of differentiation, cellular responses to signals, and human diseases. Through innovative technologies, a novel assay has been developed that allows simultaneous measurement of cell surface markers and chromatin accessibility, providing a new toolkit to identify type-specific gene regulation and expression.
Article
Immunology
Uma M. Nagarajan, Crescentia Cho, Clare E. Gyorke, Shanmugam Nagarajan, J. Ashley Ezzell, Hayden Brochu, Ian Huntress, Erin Harrell, Xinxia Peng
Summary: This study found that TNF alpha can enhance the expression and release of IL-1 alpha in infected epithelial cells, leading to cell death and hyperinflammatory response, resulting in tissue damage in the oviducts during chlamydial infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Fredrik Barrenas, Scott G. Hansen, Lynn Law, Connor Driscoll, Richard R. Green, Elise Smith, Jean Chang, Inah Golez, Taryn Urion, Xinxia Peng, Leanne Whitmore, Daniel Newhouse, Colette M. Hughes, David Morrow, Kurt T. Randall, Andrea N. Selseth, Julia C. Ford, Roxanne M. Gilbride, Bryan E. Randall, Emily Ainslie, Kelli Oswald, Rebecca Shoemaker, Randy Fast, William J. Bosche, Michael K. Axthelm, Yoshinori Fukazawa, George N. Pavlakis, Barbara K. Felber, Slim Fourati, Rafick-Pierre Sekaly, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Jan Komorowski, Ewelina Kosmider, Danica Shao, Wenjun Song, Paul T. Edlefsen, Louis J. Picker, Michael Gale
Summary: This study found that administration of the 68-1 RhCMV/SIV vector vaccine dramatically altered the whole blood transcriptome of vaccinated RMs, inducing specific immune-related pathways that significantly influenced vaccine efficacy. These pathways include immune cell, toll-like receptor (TLR), inflammasome/cell death, and interleukin-15 (IL-15) signaling, with IL-15 playing a central role in the protection signature linked to the major immune gene expression networks correlating with vaccine efficacy.
Article
Immunology
Evan S. Walsh, Tammy S. Tollison, Hayden N. Brochu, Brian Shaw, Kayleigh R. Diveley, Hsuan Chou, Lynn Law, Allan D. Kirk, Michael Gale, Xinxia Peng
Summary: Recent advancements in microfluidics and high-throughput sequencing technologies have made it possible to analyze the immune repertoire of rhesus macaques at the single-cell level. Custom primers and a commercial solution were used to sequence the Ig and TCR repertoires, allowing for the recovery of every antibody isotype and TCR chain. The study also measured clonal expansion in T cells and paired the immune repertoire with gene expression profiles.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chuwen Liu, Katrin Hufnagel, Catherine M. O'Connell, Nilu Goonetilleke, Neha Mokashi, Tim Waterboer, Tammy S. Tollison, Xinxia Peng, Harold C. Wiesenfeld, Sharon L. Hillier, Xiaojing Zheng, Toni Darville
Summary: This study found that protein-specific C. trachomatis antibodies are not sufficient to protect against ascending or incident infection. However, cervical C. trachomatis gene transcript abundance positively correlates with C. trachomatis protein immunogenicity. These abundant and broadly recognized antigens are viable vaccine candidates.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ting Wu, Danli Jiang, Meijuan Zou, Wei Sun, Di Wu, Jing Cui, Ian Huntress, Xinxia Peng, Gang Li
Summary: This study utilized Reel-seq and FREP-MS analysis techniques to systematically identify cis-regulatory elements (cis-REs) at high resolution in the human genome, revealing their role in regulating gene expression by recruiting specific proteins and transcription factors, thereby impacting cellular senescence.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Caizhi Huang, Benjamin John Callahan, Michael C. Wu, Shannon T. Holloway, Hayden Brochu, Wenbin Lu, Xinxia Peng, Jung-Ying Tzeng
Summary: In this study, a local collapsing test method called POST is proposed to effectively utilize phylogenetic information by supervising the phylogenetic distance and the outcome-OTU association. Simulation studies and real data applications demonstrate that POST can better identify outcome-associated microbial features at the OTU level.
Article
Biology
Hayden Brochu, Ruihan Wang, Tammy Tollison, Chul-Woo Pyo, Alexander Thomas, Elizabeth Tseng, Lynn Law, Louis J. Picker, Michael Gale, Daniel E. Geraghty, Xinxia Peng
Summary: RhCMV-based vaccination against SIV in rhesus macaques can effectively control SIV infection in approximately 55% of vaccinated monkeys by eliciting MHC-E-restricted CD8+ T cells. Analysis of the Mamu-E genomic sequences in rhesus macaques reveals gene duplication and different allele groups that are associated with the lack of vaccine protection.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Dawson, David Rasmussen, Xinxia Peng, Cristina Lanzas
Summary: The study simulated epidemics with both direct and indirect transmission using a network-based transmission model, and reconstructed transmission trees using phylodynamic methods. It was found that transmission routes and assumed pathogen lifestyle influenced the pathogen population structure, affecting both reconstruction success and the likelihood of direct versus indirect pathways.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2021)