Article
Clinical Neurology
A. Rukmini, Anna Mini Jos, Sing-Chen Yeo, Noel Lee, Di Mo, Litali Mohapatra, Swathy Karamchedu, Joshua J. Gooley
Summary: The study found that the circadian system influences the pharmacokinetic parameters of breath alcohol concentration, with significant circadian rhythms observed in peak BrAC values and the time for BrAC to return to zero. In normally entrained individuals, taking the same oral dose of alcohol at different times of day can result in different BrAC responses.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ravi Sonkar, Ryan Berry, Mary N. Latimer, Sumanth D. Prabhu, Martin E. Young, Stuart J. Frank
Summary: Circadian clocks regulate various biological processes, including hormone secretion and target tissue sensitivity. This study found that genetic disruption of the cardiomyocyte circadian clock leads to cardiomyopathy, potentially due to excessive activation of cardiac GH/IGF1 signaling.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Lorela Ciraku, Emily M. Esquea, Mauricio J. Reginato
Summary: O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification affecting protein stability, interactions, and phosphorylation, playing a crucial role in nutrient sensing and regulation of cancer signaling pathways. Its elevated levels have been linked to various cancers, making it a potential target for cancer treatment.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Stefan Koch
Summary: This article discusses the control of the Wnt pathway by FOX proteins, and the contribution of their interaction to cancer initiation and progression. Further research on FOX biology may lead to new targeted treatments for cancer.
Review
Oncology
Vinay Kumar Rao, Dipanwita Das, Reshma Taneja
Summary: Cancer cachexia is a complex syndrome characterized by significant weight loss predominantly caused by the loss of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Despite the focus on inflammatory factors for developing therapeutics, a comprehensive understanding of deregulated signaling and catabolic gene expression is necessary for developing new therapies to treat cancer cachexia.
Article
Plant Sciences
Nosheen Kabir, Sumbal Wahid, Shoaib Ur Rehman, Ghulam Qanmber
Summary: Trichomes are specialized plant structures that protect plants and are regulated by complex gene networks and signaling pathways. Gene expression, cell cycle regulation, and differentiation determine whether cells become trichomes. Transcription factors, epigenetic modifications, and phytohormones play important roles in trichome development. The integration of phytohormonal and transcriptional networks contributes to the diversity and adaptability of trichomes in plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Christophe Bernard
Summary: Seizures in individuals with epilepsy tend to occur more frequently at specific times, exhibiting a circadian rhythmicity. The MORE hypothesis suggests that molecular oscillations of gene and protein expression may contribute to the timing of seizure genesis. Understanding these molecular oscillations could lead to new therapeutic targets and predictive biomarkers for epilepsy.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zhenyang Liao, Fei Dong, Juan Liu, Lele Xu, Amy Marshall-Colon, Ray Ming
Summary: This research analyzed the developmental stages of papaya pistil and identified differentially expressed genes related to pistil development and sex differentiation. Transcription factor and hormone-related genes were revealed based on functional and regulatory network analysis. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of pistil development and sex differentiation in papaya.
Article
Plant Sciences
Harsimran Kaur, Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli, Kanika Khanna, Renu Bhardwaj
Summary: Plants combat drought stress by deploying various strategies to enhance water uptake and storage, reduce water loss, and maintain osmotic balance. Understanding the mechanisms of drought response is crucial for improving crop production and adopting strategies for imparting drought tolerance in plants. Management practices include hormone application, breeding, and genetic engineering techniques to combat water deficit issues.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shivani Nanda, Marc-Antoine Jacques, Wen Wang, Chad L. Myers, L. Safak Yilmaz, Albertha J. M. Walhout
Summary: A new study reveals that three-quarters of metabolic genes in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are transcriptionally regulated, and generates a co-regulated subpathway map of metabolism. The researchers also develop a web application to query gene associations with metabolic pathways. This study sheds light on the ubiquity of transcriptional regulation in metabolism and provides a blueprint for similar studies in other organisms.
MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanyun Ma, Xu Ma, Xiang Gao, Weilin Wu, Bo Zhou
Summary: Anthocyanins are natural pigments with antioxidant effects found in various fruits and vegetables, accumulating in plants through environmental signals and transcription factors. Light is a significant regulatory factor in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, but the signal transduction of light and molecular regulation of anthocyanin synthesis require further exploration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Andrew M. McKinney, Radhika Mathur, Nicholas O. Stevers, Annette M. Molinaro, Susan M. Chang, Joanna J. Phillips, Joseph F. Costello
Summary: Telomerase activation counteracts senescence and telomere erosion caused by uncontrolled proliferation. This study investigates the functional connection between EGFR amplification and TERTp mutations in glioblastoma. The researchers find that a critical proliferation-to-immortality pathway exists from EGFR to TERT expression selectively through activation of AMPK and GABP upregulation. The study reveals how the tumor cell immortality mechanism keeps pace with persistent oncogene signaling and cell cycling.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Shiqun Sun, Tongtong Yan, Nan Yang, Jian Wu, Zhihui Liu
Summary: By using recombinant lentivirus delivering shRNA against TCF8, the study found that TCF8 knockdown could alleviate alveolar bone loss, tissue inflammation, and osteoclastogenesis in periodontitis-induced rats. TCF8 silencing also inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and NF-κB signaling in RAW264.7 cells.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amanda H. Winningham, Sally A. Camper
Summary: Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in the development of organs, wound healing, fibrosis, and cancer. The study focused on the genetic hierarchy and signaling pathways involved in the EMT process of pituitary stem cells. It was found that Prop1 mutant stem cells showed altered gene expression, including reduced BMP and TGF-beta family gene expression and elevated Elf5 expression. Manipulating gene expression confirmed that the EMT inducer Zeb2 is necessary for BMP signaling and repression of Elf5. Overall, the study established the genetic hierarchy and pathways involved in the transition of pituitary stem cells.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yufeng Hu, Yangping Li, Jianfeng Weng, Hanmei Liu, Guowu Yu, Yinghong Liu, Qianlin Xiao, Huanhuan Huang, Yongbin Wang, Bin Wei, Yao Cao, Ying Xie, Tiandan Long, Hui Li, Junjie Zhang, Xinhai Li, Yubi Huang
Summary: By analyzing the transcriptome, small RNAome, and DNA methylome data from maize endosperms, a regulatory network atlas of starch synthesis was established, revealing the crucial roles of miRNAs and DNA methylation in regulating starch synthesis. The study also indicated that miRNAs act as important regulators of starch synthesis, while DNA methylation serves as a master switch for the expression of SSGs and miRNAs.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Raquel Cantos, Jose I. Labella, Javier Espinosa, Asuncion Contreras
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose I. Labella, Antonio Llop, Asuncion Contreras
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Khaled A. Selim, Lorena Tremino, Clara Marco-Marin, Vikram Alva, Javier Espinosa, Asuncion Contreras, Marcus D. Hartmann, Karl Forchhammer, Vicente Rubio
Summary: CutA proteins are widely distributed across different life domains. Structural studies show that cyanobacterial CutA proteins, similar to their E. coli counterparts and canonical PII proteins, exist as trimers but do not exhibit binding affinity for small signaling molecules or for Cu(2+). This suggests a conserved binding/signaling function for CutA, with a potential role in protecting E. coli from Cu2+ toxicity.
Review
Biology
Jose I. Labella, Raquel Cantos, Paloma Salinas, Javier Espinosa, Asuncion Contreras
Article
Microbiology
Carmen Jerez, Paloma Salinas, Antonio Llop, Raquel Cantos, Javier Espinosa, Jose I. Labella, Asuncion Contreras
Summary: Cyanobacteria adapt their metabolic processes to environmental challenges by using a unique regulatory protein, PipX, which links signals of carbon/nitrogen and energy to gene expression control. PipX interacts with the essential ribosome assembly GTPase EngA at low temperatures, interfering with its functions in Synechococcus elongatus. This work expands the understanding of the PipX interaction network and suggests a possible connection between nitrogen regulation and the translation machinery.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biology
Lorena Tremino, Antonio Llop, Vicente Rubio, Asuncion Contreras
Summary: The PLPBP family plays a regulatory role in maintaining the homeostasis of vitamin B-6 and amino/keto acids. Perturbation of metabolites and phenotypic changes have been observed after inactivating PLPBP genes. The high level of structural and functional characterization of PipY provides an opportunity to study the roles of PLPBP in cyanobacteria.
Article
Microbiology
Antonio Llop, Jose I. Labella, Marina Borisova, Karl Forchhammer, Khaled A. Selim, Asuncion Contreras
Summary: The cyanobacterial protein PipY belongs to the PLP-binding proteins family and is involved in the homeostasis of vitamin B-6 vitamers and amino/keto acids. It is connected with PipX in the cyanobacteria genomic context and involved in signaling the intracellular energy status and carbon-to-nitrogen balance. While the function of PipY is still uncertain, preliminary data suggests its involvement in signaling pathways related to the stringent stress response.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)