Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lolita Tsanaclis, Marie Davies, Sian Bevan, James Nutt, Kim Bagley, John Wicks
Summary: The study found that using PEth for alcohol consumption analysis is more effective than CDT when EtG and EtPa markers are not detected in hair samples. Positive PEth results were higher than positive CDT results in both untreated and cosmetically treated hair samples. This suggests that combining hair EtG with a PEth test is more reliable for monitoring alcohol consumption compared to using a CDT test.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Akshay Shetty, Sergio De La Torre, Brittney Ibrahim, Andrew Hong, Julio Meza, Sammy Saab
Summary: Alcohol-related liver disease has increased over the past 20 years, leading to a greater need for accurate assessment of alcohol use. Poor outcomes have been associated with alcohol use in both pre-liver transplant and post-liver transplant patients. Patients with alcohol use disorder often underestimate their alcohol consumption, highlighting the importance of objective assessment. Multiple serologic biomarkers are available to assist clinicians in assessing recent alcohol consumption, and this review evaluates their strengths and weaknesses in the pre-liver transplant and post-liver transplant population.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Nadine Aboutara, Alexander Mueller, Hilke Jungen, Anne Szewczyk, Victoria van Ruth, Franziska Bertram, Klaus Puschel, Fabian Heinrich, Stefanie Iwersen-Bergmann
Summary: In a cohort of individuals with suspected high alcohol consumption, the study found that PEth was more sensitive for excessive alcohol consumption compared to CDT. Through blood sample analysis and consideration of subjective alcohol consumption behavior, PEth was confirmed to have higher sensitivity for detecting excessive alcohol consumption.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dora Csengeri, Ngoc-Anh Sprunker, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Teemu Niiranen, Julie Kk Vishram-Nielsen, Simona Costanzo, Stefan Soderberg, Steen M. Jensen, Erkki Vartiainen, Maria Benedetta Donati, Christina Magnussen, Stephan Camen, Francesco Gianfagna, Maja-Lisa Lochen, Frank Kee, Jukka Kontto, Ellisiv B. Mathiesen, Wolfgang Koenig, Blankenberg Stefan, Giovanni de Gaetano, Torben Jorgensen, Kari Kuulasmaa, Tanja Zeller, Veikko Salomaa, Licia Iacoviello, Renate B. Schnabel
Summary: This study found that even modest alcohol intake (1.2 drinks/day) was associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation, which needs to be considered in atrial fibrillation prevention.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Nadine Aboutara, Hilke Jungen, Anne Szewczyk, Alexander Mueller, Stefanie Iwersen-Bergmann
Summary: Phosphatidylethanol in blood is a recognized biomarker for alcohol consumption, but there is no consensus on the cutoffs for differentiating abstinence from consumption. This study found that analyzing both PEth 16:0/18:2 and 16:0/18:1 is advantageous for detecting low to medium amounts of alcohol consumption. The response rates of PEth to alcohol uptake vary among individuals.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Alan Wayne Jones
Summary: This article traces the historical development of various biomarkers of alcohol consumption and highlights the contributions from Sweden. It discusses the limitations of detecting ethanol in body fluids and suggests the use of non-oxidative metabolites and other biomarkers to extend the detection window. The importance of biomarkers such as CDT and PEth in identifying hazardous drinking is emphasized.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Elodie Jobard, Laure Dossus, Laura Baglietto, Marco Fornili, Lucie Lecuyer, Francesca Romana Mancini, Marc J. Gunter, Olivier Tredan, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Benedicte Elena-Herrmann, Gianluca Severi, Joseph A. Rothwell
Summary: Perturbations in circulating metabolites were observed in premenopausal but not postmenopausal breast cancer cases. Metabolites such as histidine, N-acetyl glycoproteins, glycerol, and ethanol were associated with breast cancer risk, particularly in the premenopausal subgroup.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Lei Zhang, Yuanxiao Fan, Jingwen Jiang, Yuchen Li, Wei Zhang
Summary: Depression is a common mental disorder that tends to develop in young individuals. Early detection and psychological intervention can help prevent youth suicide. Multimodal machine learning is a potential approach for detecting depression, but current methods need improvement in terms of accuracy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEURAL SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Fatin Atrooz, Ghalya Alrousan, Arham Hassan, Samina Salim
Summary: This study found that early-life sleep deprivation increased alcohol consumption in adolescent rats and also led to increased anxiety and depression-like behaviors.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Catalina Dumitrascu, Maria C. A. van de Lavoir, Hugo Neels, Adrian Covaci, Werner Jacobs, Diona D'Hondt, Alexander L. N. van Nuijs
Summary: This study investigated the stability of PEth in spiked and authentic whole blood samples stored at 4 degrees C, showing differences between the two types of samples.
PEth was stable at 4 degrees C for 60 days in authentic samples, while spiked samples showed stability for up to 30 days.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Seo Yeon Yoon, You Hyun Park, Hyo Jeong Lee, Dae Ryong Kang, Yong Wook Kim
Summary: This study found associations between lifestyle factors and the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) in a Korean population. Smoking had an inverse association with PD in men, while alcohol consumption and physical activity were related to reduced PD development in both sexes. Regular health screening showed a consistent relationship between lifestyle factors and PD development, while lifestyle factors in those without regular health screening had a decreased relationship with PD.
Article
Toxicology
Yoo Jeong Lee, Hansongyi Lee, Han Byul Jang, Min-Gyu Yoo, Sumin Im, Soo Kyung Koo, Hye-Ja Lee
Summary: Excessive alcohol intake is a major public health problem in East Asian countries. This study found that genetic factors, specifically three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the HECTD4 gene, are significantly associated with alcohol consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The study also showed that individuals carrying the variant allele in these SNPs had lower levels of fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, and GGT. Furthermore, the study discovered that ethanol increased the expression of HECTD4, but this effect was decreased by NAC treatment.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria Neufeld, Carina Ferreira-Borges, Anna Bunova, Boris Gornyi, Eugenia Fadeeva, Evgenia Koshkina, Alexey Nadezhdin, Elena Tetenova, Melita Vujnovic, Elena Yurasova, Juergen Rehm
Summary: Despite a considerable reduction in alcohol consumption, Russia still has one of the highest levels of alcohol-attributable burden of disease globally. Further improvement of alcohol control measures, including early provision of screening and brief interventions, is needed. The study found that there are challenges in using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in Russia, and some amendments should be made to adapt the test to the specific drinking patterns in Russia.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Marisa Maria, Nuno R. Neng, Thomas Berg
Summary: This study developed and validated an accurate and precise LC-MS/MS method for the determination of six PEth homologues in whole blood. The method is important for predicting different drinking patterns and has potential in assessing alcohol-related risks.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ioulia Kokka, George P. P. Chrousos, Christina Darviri, Flora Bacopoulou
Summary: Adolescence is a period of stressful changes, and chronic stress can lead to specific changes in the body. This study reviews the most commonly used methods of stress evaluation in adolescence research, including primary biomarkers and secondary outcomes, as well as potential confounding factors.
HORMONE RESEARCH IN PAEDIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Manon Dubol, C. Neill Epperson, Julia Sacher, Belinda Pletzer, Birgit Derntl, Rupert Lanzenberger, Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa, Erika Comasco
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that ovarian hormones influence the brain structure, chemistry, and function of women in their reproductive age, potentially shaping their behavior and mental health. Specifically, these hormones fluctuations appear to have modulatory effects on the reactivity and structure of cortico-limbic brain regions.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Erika Comasco, Helena Kopp Kallner, Marie Bixo, Angelica L. Hirschberg, Sara Nyback, Haro de Grauw, C. Neill Epperson, Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa
Summary: The study investigated the potential treatment of continuous treatment with a selective progesterone receptor modulator, ulipristal acetate (UPA), for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Results showed that the UPA group demonstrated a significant improvement in DRSP scores compared to the placebo group, particularly in depressive and anger/irritability symptoms.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Elisavet Kaltsouni, Patrick M. Fisher, Manon Dubol, Steinar Hustad, Rupert Lanzenberger, Vibe G. Frokjaer, Johan Wikstrom, Erika Comasco, Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa
Summary: PMDD is a psychiatric condition that affects about 5% of women in their reproductive age, characterized by emotional and physical impairments. This study showed that treating PMDD patients with SPRM resulted in enhanced brain reactivity during aggressive responses, particularly in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Theodora Kunovac Kallak, Emma Brann, Emma Fransson, Asa Johansson, Susanne Lager, Erika Comasco, Robert Lyle, Alkistis Skalkidou
Summary: The study found differential DNA methylation in children exposed to comorbid prenatal depression and anxiety symptoms compared to healthy controls at some genes, while no significant differences were observed in children exposed to prenatal depression alone. Additionally, significant DNA methylation differences were found in children not receiving SSRI treatment and healthy controls compared to those exposed to SSRIs at certain gene sites and regions.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zoe Buerger, Anna Magdalena Bucher, Erika Comasco, Melanie Henes, Stephanie Huebner, Lydia Kogler, Birgit Derntl
Summary: The impact of LNG-IUD on stress and mental health is unclear, but it seems to improve quality of life and sexual functioning. There is substantial variation in the quality of studies, highlighting the need for more high-quality research to assess the effects of LNG-IUD on brain function and structure, helping women make more informed choices regarding contraception.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anna Wikman, Julia Sacher, Marie Bixo, Angelica L. Hirschberg, Helena Kopp Kallner, C. Neill Epperson, Erika Comasco, Inger Sundstrom Poromaa
Summary: Current suicidal ideation was reported by nearly 40% of women with confirmed PMDD in the late luteal phase. Previous psychological treatment for PMDD and higher depressive symptoms in the late luteal phase were positively associated with current suicidal ideation, while higher self-rated health ratings were associated with lower odds ratios for current suicidal ideation.
Article
Neurosciences
Xuan Gu, Manon Dubol, Louise Stiernman, Johan Wikstrom, Andreas Hahn, Rupert Lanzenberger, C. Neill Epperson, Marie Bixo, Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa, Erika Comasco
Summary: The present study provides evidence of differential cerebral white matter structure associated with PMDD and its symptoms. Specifically, individuals with PMDD showed greater fractional anisotropy and volume in the uncinate fasciculus, and greater fractional anisotropy in the superior longitudinal fasciculus was correlated with premenstrual depression severity.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY & NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Manon Dubol, Johan Wikstrom, Rupert Lanzenberger, C. Neill Epperson, Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa, Erika Comasco
Summary: The study found that the severity of PMDD symptoms is correlated with gray matter volume, cortical thickness, gyrification, sulcal depth, and complexity metrics in relevant brain regions. Specifically, there is a negative correlation between gray matter volume in the bilateral amygdala and depression-related symptoms.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Theodora Kunovac Kallak, Emma Fransson, Emma Brann, Hanna Berglund, Susanne Lager, Erika Comasco, Robert Lyle, Alkistis Skalkidou
Summary: This study investigated DNA methylation in cord blood of children of mothers with prenatal depressive symptoms (PND) to identify possible markers indicating susceptibility to behavioral problems at 18 months of age. The differentially methylated CpG sites could be of interest for resilience, regardless of maternal mental health during pregnancy.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Manon Dubol, Louise Stiernman, Johan Wikstrom, Rupert Lanzenberger, C. Neill Epperson, Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa, Marie Bixo, Erika Comasco
Summary: This study found significant differences in brain morphology between PMDD patients and healthy controls, particularly in the ventral posterior cortices, cerebellum, right amygdala, and putamen. Machine learning analysis showed that PMDD patients can be accurately distinguished from controls based on grey matter morphology.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elisavet Kaltsouni, Manon Dubol, Johan Wikstrom, Rupert Lanzenberger, Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa, Erika Comasco
Summary: This study found that selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) treatment does not have a significant effect on grey matter morphology in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa, Erika Comasco
Summary: Premenstrual symptoms are common among women of reproductive age, with 5% experiencing premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) during the luteal phase. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are effective for many patients, but not all. Recent research shows that treatment with a selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) significantly reduces the severity of PMDD symptoms, with minimal side effects.
Article
Psychiatry
Louise Stiernman, Manon Dubol, Erika Comasco, Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa, Carl-Johan Boraxbekk, Maja Johansson, Marie Bixo
Summary: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is associated with altered sensitivity to ALLO and ISO, neurosteroids that affect GABA(A) activity. ISO has been shown to alleviate PMDD symptoms. In this study, PMDD subjects exhibited increased brain activity during emotion processing in the late-luteal phase. The relationship between ISO/ALLO ratio and brain activity differed between PMDD subjects and controls in key emotion processing regions.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jana Immenschuh, Stefan Bernhard Thalhammer, Inger Sundstrom-Poromaa, Anat Biegon, Sylvie Dumas, Erika Comasco
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of cells expressing the aromatase coding gene in the limbic regions of rats. It found that the expression of aromatase is higher in certain brain regions of male rats compared to female rats. These findings are significant for understanding the behavioral and mental health implications of sex differences.
BIOLOGY OF SEX DIFFERENCES
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Maria Vrettou, Stefan Bernhard Thalhammer, Sylvie Dumas, Kent W. Nilsson, Asa Wallen-Mackenzie, Robert Fredriksson, Ingrid Nylander, Erika Comasco
Summary: This study found that adolescent episodic nicotine and alcohol exposure had differential effects on the expression of Vglut2 and Th in the anterior and posterior VTA, indicating the involvement of different neuronal populations in the addiction circuit.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE REPORTS
(2023)
