Review
Plant Sciences
Maria Giordano, Giovanni Luongo, Sergio Davinelli, Afef Ladhari, Giuseppina Rita Nappo, Maddalena Giordano
Summary: Silybum marianum L. has been used for therapeutic purposes since ancient times, with proven efficacy in treating liver diseases and hepato-renal syndrome. It also shows positive effects in treating chronic hepatitis and patients undergoing heavy chemotherapy cycles. In addition, S. marianum has antioxidant, diuretic, and febrifugal properties, but caution is needed in patients with hypertension.
RECORDS OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
C. Palaric, S. Atwi-Ghaddar, Q. Gros, C. Hano, E. Lesellier
Summary: Supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide is an effective and environmentally friendly method for extracting natural compounds from plants. This study focuses on the extraction of lipids and flavonolignans from milk thistle seeds using different solvents and conditions. The results provide insights into the optimal extraction parameters and methods.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yasmin A. Mahgoub, Eman Shawky, Doaa A. Ghareeb, Fikria A. Darwish, Nadia A. El Sebakhy, Amr M. El-Hawiet
Summary: This study investigates the accumulation dynamics of different components of silymarin in different organs of purple and white flowers of Silybum marianum at different developmental stages, and finds that the fruit extract of purple flowers genotype has the most prominent anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, specific silymarin components are found in the flowers and leaves at the post-fruiting early drying stage.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Salah Khattab, Yun-Kiam Yap, Fadia El Sherif
Summary: In this study, the effects of salicylic acid on the growth, yield, and production of silymarin in Silybum marianum plants were investigated. The results showed that salicylic acid increased plant height, branches, leaves, and fruits, as well as the content of photosynthetic pigments and elements. Salicylic acid also enhanced the production of silymarin and the expression of genes associated with its production.
Review
Plant Sciences
Ilias Marmouzi, Abdelhakim Bouyahya, Shahira M. Ezzat, Meryem El Jemli, Mourad Kharbach
Summary: Milk thistle is a widely studied medicinal plant used for liver disorders, with its main active compound silymarin being commonly used as a herbal supplement. Despite numerous ethnopharmacological, experimental, and clinical investigations, its clinical efficacy remains uncertain, requiring further studies to validate its benefits.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Tommaso Martinelli, Flavia Fulvio, Marco Pietrella, Marco Focacci, Massimiliano Lauria, Roberta Paris
Summary: This study analyzed the flavonolignan profile of 40 different S. marianum wild accessions, suggesting that wild populations can be composed of individuals with the same chemotype or heterogeneous mixtures of individuals with different chemotypes. Only three chemotypes have been identified among Italian wild populations.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hana Dockalova, Ladislav Zeman, Daria Baholet, Andrej Batik, Sylvie Skalickova, Pavel Horky
Summary: The study found that in horses, the digestibility of flavonolignans increased with the daily dose of milk thistle expeller and then plateaued.
Review
Oncology
Aisha Nawaz, Sumera Zaib, Imtiaz Khan, Abrar Ahmed, Kiran Shahzadi, Huma Riaz
Summary: Silybum marianum (SM), a member of the Asteraceae family, has therapeutic significance in medicinal chemistry. It contains active constituents, such as silymarin, which has been found to have anticancer properties, protect the liver, and exhibit various other pharmacological activities.
ANTI-CANCER AGENTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Aisha Nawaz, Sumera Zaib, Imtiaz Khan, Abrar Ahmed, Kiran Shahzadi, Huma Riaz
Summary: Silybum marianum, a plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, has therapeutic significance in medicinal chemistry. Its main active constituent is silymarin, which has anticancer properties and can protect the liver. SM can serve as an alternative medication to treat various pathological ailments.
ANTI-CANCER AGENTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Iraj Yaghoubian, Mohammed Antar, Saeid Ghassemi, Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy, Donald L. Smith
Summary: Seed priming and inoculation with Piriformospora indica (Pi) can improve the physio-biochemical properties of milk thistle under salinity, as well as increase the content of specific compounds.
Article
Plant Sciences
Bismillah Mubeen, Ammarah Hasnain, Riffat Mehboob, Rabia Rasool, Ayesha Riaz, Shymaa Abdelsattar Elaskary, Muhammad Muntazir Shah, Tallat Anwar Faridi, Inam Ullah
Summary: This study aimed to enhance the production of secondary metabolites in the vegetative parts of Silybum marianum using different elicitors in a hydroponic system. The results showed that methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment exhibited the highest levels of flavonoids, phenolics, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while the combination treatment of MeJA and green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) had the highest nitric oxide (NO) levels.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Vaclav Tvrdy, Jana Pourova, Eduard Jirkovsky, Vladimir Kren, Katerina Valentova, Premysl Mladenka
Summary: Silymarin, extracted from the seeds of Silybum marianum, contains flavonolignans and flavonoids and is used as a hepatoprotective agent. However, its low oral bioavailability and potential drug interactions have sparked debates. The main reasons for poor systemic oral bioavailability are rapid conjugation and efflux of flavonolignans, with most human studies showing no interactions with other drugs.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Noreen Zahra, Abdul Wahid, Muhammad Bilal Hafeez, Kanval Shaukat, Sobia Shahzad, Tariq Shah, Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
Summary: Under saline stress conditions, the growth parameters and pigment contents of milk thistle plants were significantly reduced, but the use of ascorbic acid, moringa leaf extract, and thiourea effectively increased the activity of enzymatic antioxidants, improving salt tolerance to saline conditions.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ahlem Ikhlef, Hamid Ait-Amar, Lakhdar Khelifi, Smain Chemat
Summary: In this study, different elicitors were used to treat plant cell cultures of Silybum marianum L. It was found that yeast extract was the most effective elicitor in enhancing the accumulation of silybin.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hoda A. S. El-Garhy, Hassan S. A. Sherif, Sara M. Soliman, Shimaa A. Haredy, Mercedes Bonfill
Summary: This study investigated the production of secondary metabolites in Silybum marianum L. cell suspension cultures treated with gamma rays and colchicine. The findings showed that different treatments impacted the expression of CHS genes and silymarin content, with gamma radiation and colchicine affecting silymarin production differently.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Reza Keshavarz-Afshar, Chengci Chen
BIOENERGY RESEARCH
(2015)
Article
Agronomy
S. Hajighasemi, R. Keshavarz-Afshar, M. R. Chaichi
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Reza Keshavarz Afshar, Yesuf Assen Mohammed, Chengci Chen
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2016)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jinwen Huang, Reza Keshavarz Afshar, Aifen Tao, Chengci Chen
SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION
(2017)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Farid Golzardi, Amirsaleh Baghdadi, Reza Keshavarz Afshar
CROP & PASTURE SCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Agronomy
Reza Keshavarz Afshar, Chengci Chen, Joyce Eckhoff, Charles Flynn
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2018)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Reza Keshavarz Afshar, Ruiyu Lin, Yesuf Assen Mohammed, Chengci Chen
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2018)
Article
Agronomy
Reza Keshavarz Afshar, Chengci Chen, Shuang Zhou, Fatemeh Etemadi, Huaqin He, Zhaowei Li
Article
Agronomy
Oladapo Adeyemi, Reza Keshavarz-Afshar, Emad Jahanzad, Martin Leonardo Battaglia, Yuan Luo, Amir Sadeghpour
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Abbas Biabani, Abbas Foroughi, Alli Rahemi Karizaki, Ghorban Ali Rassam, Masoud Hashemi, Reza Keshavarz Afshar
Summary: Understanding the relationship between physiological traits, such as radiation use efficiency (RUE), with yield and yield components in canola is essential for developing high-yielding and high-quality cultivars. Results from this study show that cultivars with higher RUE and later maximum leaf area index (LAI) tend to have higher biological and seed yield, highlighting the importance of growth duration and crop growth rate in improving yield potential. These findings can be used to enhance canola crop growth models and breeding programs.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Amir Sadeghpour, Oladapo Adeyemi, Bryan Reed, Jim Fry, Reza Keshavarz Afshar
Summary: Harvesting winter cereal rye as emergency forage can help offset costs and promote adoption, but delayed harvesting may result in decreased forage quality.
Article
Agronomy
Arezoo Paravar, Saeideh Maleki Farahani, Alireza Rezazadeh, Reza Keshavarz Afshar
Summary: This study investigated the effects of nano-iron chelate fertilizer and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and drought tolerance of Lallemantia species under water deficit conditions. The results showed that compared with nano-iron chelate, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi significantly increased root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi and improved nutrient uptake, mucilage, oil, and water use efficiency. Overall, both Lallemantia species responded well to AMF inoculation under water deficit conditions, while nano-iron chelate was found to be less effective.
JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Yesuf Assen Mohammed, Chengci Chen, Reza Keshavarz Afshar
Article
Agronomy
Aifen Tao, Reza Keshavarz Afshar, Jinwen Huang, Yesuf Assen Mohammed, Matthew Espe, Chengci Chen
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Aifen Tao, Long Huang, Guifen Wu, Reza Keshavarz Afshar, Jianmin Qi, Jiantang Xu, Pingping Fang, Lihui Lin, Liwu Zhang, Peiqing Lin