Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Ting-Yuan David Cheng, Carrollyn Ferderber, Benjamin Kinder, Yu-Jung Jenny Wei
Summary: This study examines the difference in dietary vitamin A intake among Black, Hispanic, and White adults in the US using data from the 2003-2004 to 2017-2018 NHANES.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mursal A. Mohamud, David J. T. Campbell, James Wick, Alexander A. Leung, Gabriel E. Fabreau, Marcello Tonelli, Paul E. Ronksley
Summary: This study aimed to describe the trends in multimorbidity and the differential contribution of individual chronic conditions to multimorbidity among hospitalized populations in the United States. The study found that there was an increase in multimorbidity among all racial/ethnic groups from 1993 to 2012, with the largest increases seen in White, Black, and Native American populations. Additionally, metabolic diseases, particularly diabetes and obesity, had an increasing contribution to multimorbidity, especially among Hispanic patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kirra Borrello, Unhee Lim, Song-Yi Park, Kristine R. Monroe, Gertraud Maskarinec, Carol J. Boushey, Lynne R. Wilkens, Timothy W. Randolph, Loic Le Marchand, Meredith A. Hullar, Johanna W. Lampe
Summary: This study found that racial/ethnic differences in GM composition may be influenced by differences in diet. Overall diet quality and intake of certain foods were found to have significant effects on GM composition, which may contribute to racial/ethnic health disparities.
Article
Criminology & Penology
Ojmarrh Mitchell, Shi Yan, Daniela Oramas Mora
Summary: Despite the rise in criminal histories and the presence of punitive policies, the U.S. prison population has seen a decrease in racial disparities, indicating that court actors in Florida have used discretionary tools to reduce prison use.
JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN CRIME AND DELINQUENCY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Taylor D. Ellington, Jacqueline W. Miller, S. Jane Henley, Reda J. Wilson, Manxia Wu, Lisa C. Richardson
Summary: Breast cancer accounts for 30% of all cancers diagnosed in women. From 1999 to 2018, the incidence of breast cancer among women aged 20 years and older showed a decreasing trend, with the highest decrease seen from 1999 to 2004 and a slight increase from 2004 to 2018. The incidence increased among non-Hispanic Pacific Islander women and women aged 20-39 years, while it decreased among non-Hispanic White women and women aged 50-64 and 75 years and older. In terms of public health practice, biennial mammography screening is currently recommended for women aged 50-74 years, and women aged 20-49 years may benefit from discussing potential breast cancer risk and ways to reduce risk with their healthcare providers.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meng-Hua Tao, Jia-Liang Liu, Uyen-Sa D. T. Nguyen
Summary: This study investigated the time trends in diet quality and consumption of major food groups and nutrients among adults in the United States, and found disparities in diet quality among racial/ethnic groups.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Joanna Liao, Thamanna Nishath, Sangeetha Thevuthasan, Edwin Nieblas-Bedolla, Briana Christophers, Helene Starks, Molly Jackson, Genevieve Pagalilauan
Summary: This study aimed to explore the representation of underrepresented in medicine (UIM) internal medicine residency applicants and matriculants. The study found that there has been a slight increase in the proportion of UIM applicants and matriculants in recent years, with a more significant increase observed among Black and Hispanic/Latino applicants.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sung Jun Ma, Lucas M. Serra, Brian Yu, Mark K. Farrugia, Austin J. Iovoli, Han Yu, Song Yao, Oluwadamilola T. Oladeru, Anurag K. Singh
Summary: This study examined the trends and variations in pathologic complete response (pCR) for breast cancer among different racial/ethnic groups. Using a national cancer database, the study found that pCR rates improved over time for all groups, but there were significant differences in rates and survival outcomes. Further investigations are needed to optimize outcomes for underserved populations.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jayajit Chakraborty
Summary: Recent research suggests that areas with higher chronic air pollution may have a greater prevalence of COVID-19, and socially disadvantaged populations are more likely to reside in communities where both COVID-19 and air pollution risks are high. A national study in the U.S. found that counties with higher COVID-19 incidence and respiratory health risks from air pollutants have disproportionately more non-Hispanic Black, socioeconomically deprived, and uninsured residents.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Marc R. Larochelle, Svetla Slavova, Elisabeth D. Root, Daniel J. Feaster, Patrick J. Ward, Sabrina C. Selk, Charles Knott, Jennifer Villani, Jeffrey H. Samet
Summary: The study found that opioid overdose death rates remained stable from 2018 to 2019 across 67 HEALing Communities Study communities, with a significant increase among non-Hispanic Black individuals. An anti-racist public health approach is needed to address this crisis of opioid-related harms.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Maneet Kaur, Corinne E. Joshu, Kala Visvanathan, Avonne E. Connor
Summary: Breast cancer incidence rates have been increasing across race/ethnicity and subgroups in the United States, with the highest average annual percent increases observed among non-Hispanic Black women. Non-Hispanic Black women and Hispanic women also showed significant increases in some subgroups.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Angela Martinez-Strengel, Elizabeth A. Samuels, Jeremiah Cross, Laura D. Cramer, Mayur M. Desai, Ruth Gotian, Cary P. Gross, Darin Latimore, Jose E. Cavazos, Dowin Boatright
Summary: From 2009 to 2018, there was a consistent and sustained increase in the percentage of female and underrepresented minority (URM) matriculants to MD-PhD programs. However, the annual increases in the percentages across groups were small, and the demographics of the MD-PhD workforce still do not reflect the diversity of the U.S. general population.
Article
Psychiatry
Jon E. Grant, Stephanie Valle, Ibrahim H. Aslan, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: This study found that there were similarities in the clinical profiles of BFRBs between individuals from BAME and non-BAME backgrounds, but differences were observed in terms of symptom severity and treatment received.
COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jean Y. Ko, Huong Pham, Onika Anglin, Shua J. Chai, Nisha B. Alden, James Meek, Evan J. Anderson, Andy Weigel, Alexander Kohrman, Ruth Lynfield, Dominic Rudin, Grant Barney, Nancy M. Bennett, Laurie M. Billing, Melissa Sutton, H. Keipp Talbot, Ashley Swain, Fiona P. Havers, Christopher A. Taylor
Summary: Race/ethnicity disparities in severe COVID-19 outcomes have declined but still persist in the era of vaccination. Hispanic, Black, and American Indian/Alaskan Native persons had higher hospitalization rates than White persons, but the magnitude decreased over time. Among sampled patients, Hispanic, Black, and American Indian/Alaskan Native patients had higher hospitalization and ICU admission rates, while Asian/Pacific Islander patients had lower rates compared to White patients. Other race and ethnicity groups had higher in-hospital mortality rates compared to White persons.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Maria P. Aranda, Ian N. Kremer, Ladson Hinton, Julie Zissimopoulos, Rachel A. Whitmer, Cynthia Huling Hummel, Laura Trejo, Chanee Fabius
Summary: Dementia incidence is decreasing, but the advances in population health are uneven. Studies have identified clear disparities in the educational, geographic, and race/ethnic distribution of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Gaps in evidence for interventions may amplify disparities in health and healthcare, while the economic costs for persons living with dementia and their care partners' time are high and may persist into future generations.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashima K. Kant, Barry I. Graubard
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2015)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashima K. Kant, Barry I. Graubard
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2015)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashima K. Kant, Barry I. Graubard
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2017)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ashima K. Kant, Barry I. Graubard
Article
Psychology, Biological
Ashima K. Kant
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashima K. Kant, Barry I. Graubard
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ashima K. Kant, Barry I. Graubard
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2018)
Letter
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashima K. Kant, Barry I. Graubard
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2014)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashima K. Kant, Barry I. Graubard
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2014)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
A. K. Kant, M. I. Whitley, B. I. Graubard
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2015)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashima K. Kant, Barry I. Graubard
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2019)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sydney G. O'Connor, Jill Reedy, Barry I. Graubard, Ashima K. Kant, Susan M. Czajkowski, David Berrigan
Summary: Contrary to hypotheses, longer eating windows were associated with a lower adjusted prevalence of obesity and longer evening fasts were associated with a higher prevalence of obesity. Longer morning fast was associated with a higher adjusted prevalence of obesity. Further studies are needed to understand the impact of diet quality/quantity and social desirability bias on the relationship between circadian timing of eating and BMI.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashima K. Kant, Barry Graubard
Summary: There is an association between time of eating and mortality risk, with those who have an earlier breakfast time having a smaller risk of death. Additionally, eating time is related to cardiovascular metabolic markers and dietary habits.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shristi Rawal, Valerie B. Duffy, Lauren Berube, John E. Hayes, Ashima K. Kant, Chuan-Ming Li, Barry I. Graubard, Howard J. Hoffman
Summary: The study identified associations between self-reported olfactory dysfunction (OD) and dietary attributes in adults aged 40 and over. Adults with OD had lower diet quality scores and higher intake of energy-dense foods, saturated and total fats, and added sugars. Younger females were primarily responsible for the associations with diet quality and fat intake.
Letter
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashima K. Kant, Barry I. Graubard
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2017)