Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jun Xiao, Xing Gong, Congying Xiang, Zhiyang Yu, Hao Wang, Ke Zhao, Chaohong Liu, Hong Zhuo, Shaoyu Qiu, Yuan Yin
Summary: The structure of oxide scales formed on HT9, T91 and CLA16 F/M steels exposed to oxygen-saturated LBE at 400 degrees C for 500 h is found to be triple-layered, consisting of nanosized magnetite, Fe-Cr spinel, and Cr oxide. An improved oxidation mechanism considers the formation of Cr oxide and the influence of Pb nano-channels.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yuming Zou, Qihan Gao, Hua Ding, Yu Zhang, Zhengyou Tang
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of martensitic transformation in medium Mn steel under different strain states and proposes a strain state dependent α'-martensitic transformation kinetics law, which provides a reasonable prediction for the transformation behavior of medium Mn steel.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Arunodaya Bhattacharya, Jean Henry, Brigitte Decamps, Steven J. Zinkle, Estelle Meslin
Summary: Under high temperature conditions, helium significantly modifies the dislocation loop Burgers vector in Fe-Cr alloys, causing certain types of loops to completely disappear and leading to higher loop densities in the alloys.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Arunodaya Bhattacharya, Samara M. Levine, Steven J. Zinkle, Wei-Ying Chen, Peter Baldo, Chad M. Parish, Philip D. Edmondson
Summary: In-situ irradiations using 1 MeV Kr2+ ions were performed on extraction replica samples of two ferritic-martensitic (FM) steels. The M23C6 carbides showed sensitivity to radiation induced amorphization (RIA), while the MX carbonitrides exhibited high amorphization resistance. The critical amorphization dose of M23C6 carbides increased exponentially with irradiation temperature. Changes in the minor chemistry of M23C6 had little effect on the amorphization behavior. In-situ irradiations on extraction replica samples provide a novel pathway to explore radiation tolerance of nanoprecipitates in nuclear structural materials.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. Sarkar, S. Kumar, B. R. Sudhalkar, R. Mondal, M. I. Khan, A. Mahanti Ghosal, K. Chandra, V. Kain, I. Samajdar
Summary: This study investigated the hierarchy of aging-induced tertiary phase formation and its impact on the corrosion performance of a super duplex stainless steel. The research found that the size and chemical composition evolution of the tertiary precipitation determined the corrosion performance, with the sub-micron Cr2N and sigma phases being more detrimental.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhi Jun Fan, Yin Zhong Shen, Zhi Qiang Xu, Peng Cheng Zhu, Huan Liu, Yu Fei Ma, Wen Qing Guan
Summary: This study investigates the application of ferritic/martensitic steel P92 in fuel cladding and duct structures, and analyzes the precipitation behavior of the steel at different treatment temperatures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Laura Tenelanda-Osorio, Mario E. Velez
Summary: In this study, first principles calculations were performed to investigate the thermodynamic and mechanical properties of Cr-N system, revealing three new stable phases of Cr2N, with Amm2 structure being the most stable. The Cr2N structures were found to be harder than CrN structures.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sadjad Sabzalian, Mansour Soltanieh, Saeed Rastegari
Summary: Buckling damage and spallation are significant challenges in electroplated Cu-Mn oxide spinel coatings used for SOFC interconnects. The formation mechanism of (Cu,Mn)3O4 spinel coating on AISI-430 stainless steel during oxidation at 750 degrees C has been investigated. It was found that nickel strike deposition can effectively reduce coating spallation. The spinel coating inhibits chromium migration and improves the oxidation behavior of the alloy. The oxidation process involves the initial formation of MnO, Mn2O3, and Mn3O4, followed by the oxidation of copper to CuO and the replacement of MnO and Mn3O4 by Mn2O3. (c) 2023 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Neal W. Mcclenaghan, Michael Schindler
Summary: The discovery of chromite nanoparticles in ultramafic rocks may have significant implications for the environmental risk assessment of chromitite mining waste.
AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Huaxin Qi, Jing Bai, Jiaxin Xu, Shaodong Sun, Xin Liu, Ziqi Guan, Jianglong Gu, Daoyong Cong, Yudong Zhang, Claude Esling, Xiang Zhao, Liang Zuo
Summary: The effects of Cu and B doping on the martensitic transformation, mechanical, and magnetic properties of Ni-Mn-Ti-based alloys were investigated by first-principles calculations. It was found that increasing Cu content reduces the phase stability of austenite and martensite, while B doping hinders the martensitic transformation and decreases the alloy's anisotropy. The calculations of elastic constants also revealed the ductility, incompressibility, shear resistance, and normal stress resistance of the alloys.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Pan, B. B. He
Summary: The strain hardening in a medium-Mn steel during Luders deformation is primarily contributed by the transformation-induced plasticity effect in retained austenite, as the strain hardening of the ferrite matrix is much lower than that of the austenite phase due to a martensitic transformation.
PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
D. D. Kuznetsov, E. I. Kuznetsova, A. V. Mashirov, A. S. Loshachenko, D. V. Danilov, V. I. Mitsiuk, A. S. Kuznetsov, V. G. Shavrov, V. V. Koledov, P. Ari-Gur
Summary: The Ni46Mn41In13 (close to 2-1-1 system) Heusler alloy was investigated through magnetization measurement at varying temperatures and magnetic fields. The magnetocaloric effect was found to have a maximum increment T-ad of -4.2 K at a temperature of 212 K and a magnetic field of 10 T during the martensitic transformation. The alloy's structure was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and revealed concentration stratification occurring through spinodal decomposition into nanoscale regions, along with the presence of martensitic and austenitic phases depending on temperature and sample thickness.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dhanasekar Ramalingam, Balusamy Veerappagounder, Sivasankari Rangaswamy
Summary: In this study, three different Heat Affected Zones (HAZ) were simulated in Nickel Free High Nitrogen Stainless Steel (NFHNSS) using Gleeble Simulator to investigate the microstructural evolution and structure-property correlation. The findings revealed that the austenite grains in the simulated HAZ recrystallized within the temperature range of 750°C to 1050°C. The extent of recrystallization and nucleation of precipitates varied with peak temperatures. TEM characterization confirmed the presence of Cr2N precipitates with an average particle size of 300 nm to 395 nm in the simulated HAZ. The precipitation kinetics of Cr2N were found to correlate well with experimental values. Mechanical properties, including tensile strength and hardness, were evaluated for specimens taken from different HAZs. The effect of peak temperature on fracture behavior was also analyzed, showing a transition in fracture patterns from ductile to mixed mode in NFHNSS.
MATERIALS RESEARCH-IBERO-AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
V. A. Gorshkov, P. A. Miloserdov, N. Yu. Khomenko, N. V. Sachkova, O. M. Miloserdova
Summary: The study investigates high-temperature synthesis of cast composite materials in the Cr-Mn-Al-C system with various ratios, showing that the reactant ratio significantly influences the synthesis features, phase composition, and microstructure of the final products.
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
I. O. Bannykh, O. A. Bannykh
Summary: Phase state calculations were performed for eleven compositions of chromium-manganese stainless steels using THERMOCALC software in the temperature range of 500-1600 degrees C. The results were utilized to plot a phase diagram and evaluate the effect of manganese on the domains of existence of different phases at varying temperatures and concentrations.
INORGANIC MATERIALS-APPLIED RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Liuming Wei, Jingwen Li, Yonggang Li, Qirong Zheng, Fan Cheng, Chuanguo Zhang, Jingyu Li, Gaofeng Zhao, Zhi Zeng
Summary: This study investigates the influence of He-V complexes on H behaviors on different W surfaces using DFT calculations. The results show that H dissolution is most difficult but H trapping is easiest on the W (110) surface, while the opposite is true on the W (111) surface. Moreover, the presence of He-V complexes increases the difficulty of H diffusion from bulk to surface and desorption.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yan Meng, Song Zeng, Chen Chen, Chaowen Zhu, Huahai Shen, Xiaosong Zhou, Xiaochun Han
Summary: The characteristics of magnetron sputtered Cr coatings vary with different temperature, bias voltage, and pressure. Coatings with random orientation, good crystallinity, and small grain size exhibit favorable oxidation behavior, while coatings with strong (200) texture, poor crystallinity, and large grains have many intrinsic defects that are detrimental to the protection property of the Cr coatings.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinyuan Xu, Zefeng Yu, Wei-Ying Chen, Aiping Chen, Arthur Motta, Xing Wang
Summary: This study presents an automated approach for characterizing grain morphology in TEM images recorded during ion irradiation. By combining a machine learning model and a computer vision algorithm, comparable results to human analysis can be achieved with significantly reduced analysis time. Researchers can train their own models following the procedures described in this study to automate grain morphology analysis of their own TEM images.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shihao Wu, Dong Wang, Yapei Zhang, Koji Okamoto, Marco Pellegrini, Wenxi Tian, Suizheng Qiu, G. H. Su
Summary: The oxidation and degradation mechanisms of Cr coating on Zr alloy cladding under high temperature steam atmosphere are summarized, and a mathematical analysis model is established to predict the changes in coating thickness. The model is applied in the analysis of structure evolution under different conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
V. Diaz-Mena, J. de Prado, M. Roldan, I. Izaguirre, M. Sanchez, M. Rieth, A. Urena
Summary: The brazeability of a cupronickel alloy was evaluated as a filler alloy for high-temperature joining of tungsten to steel. The study investigated the brazing conditions and the impact of the selected filler on the joint quality using numerical software. The results showed different metallurgical interactions and diffusion phenomena between the filler alloy and the base materials at different temperatures. The study emphasized the importance of selecting a suitable filler to mitigate residual stresses in the joints.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pengcheng Zhu, Yajie Zhao, Yan-Ru Lin, Jean Henry, Steven J. Zinkle
Summary: This study investigates the effect of heavy-ion irradiation on radiation hardening in high-purity binary alloy Fe18Cr. Nanoindentation testing and high-quality TEM imaging were conducted to extract hardness and microstructure information. The strength factor was accurately calculated based on the detailed TEM characterization of irradiated microstructures, and a refined hardening superposition method was applied to quantify the mechanical properties of ion-irradiated materials.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bin Wu, Haixia Ning, Hanzhen Zhu, Jianjun Chen, Kang Wang, Daiyu Zhang, Fu Wang, Qilong Liao
Summary: This study discusses the effects of ZrO2 and B2O3 on the phase composition and properties of SAP-based glass-ceramics. The results show that ZrO2 addition improves the formation of NZP phase while restricting the crystallization of AlPO4 phases. The correct ratios of ZrO2 and B2O3 allow only the formation of NZP phase within the SAP glass.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hwasung Yeom, Greg Johnson, Benjamin Maier, Tyler Dabney, Kumar Sridharan
Summary: Cr-Nb bilayer coatings were developed using cold spray deposition to improve the limiting operational temperature of Cr-coated Zr-alloy system. The coatings exhibited outstanding oxidation resistance at high temperatures and formed continuous intermetallic compound layers at the interfaces.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Padhraic L. Mulligan, Andrew T. Nelson, Chad M. Parish, Patrick A. Champlin, Xiang Chen, Daniel Morrall, Jason M. Harp
Summary: Environmental barrier coatings are being developed to reduce oxidation and embrittlement in Zr-based materials. Chromium nitride is a candidate for this application, but understanding its impact on irradiation-induced creep and microstructure is critical.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dexuan Yan, Xinlei Cao, Ke Shen
Summary: This study investigated the purification mechanism of polycrystalline graphite by comparing IG-11 graphite with IG-110 nuclear grade graphite. The analysis revealed that metallic impurities in IG-11 were primarily segregated within graphite porosities, while IG-110 demonstrated a significant reduction in impurities. This research contributes to the development of innovative graphite purification techniques for greater purity and stronger oxidation resistance.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Xu, Wei Peng, Lei Shi, Qi Sun
Summary: This paper investigates the oxidation and shape evolution of matrix graphite in high temperature gas-cooled reactors during air-ingress accidents. A reaction kinetics model is established and computational fluid dynamics with a dynamic mesh method is used to simulate the oxidation process. The results show that the geometric shape of graphite changes significantly with increasing flow rate, and the graphite pebbles tend to form a structure with a narrow front and wide tail.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Allison Harward, Casey Elliott, Michael Shaltry, Krista Carlson, Tae-Sic Yoo, Guy Fredrickson, Michael Patterson, Michael F. Simpson
Summary: This paper investigates the hygroscopic properties of eutectic LiCl-KCl absorbed into zeolite-4A. The study finds that water absorption and corrosion worsen with increasing salt loading. It also suggests that the salt can be stored in a non-inert atmosphere for a certain period of time.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Takaaki Koyanagi, Xunxiang Hu, Christian M. Petrie, Gyanender Singh, Caen Ang, Christian P. Deck, Weon-Ju Kim, Daejong Kim, James Braun, Yutai Katoh
Summary: This study provides critical experimental data on the effects of irradiation on the hermeticity of SiC composite cladding, finding that irradiation can cause a decrease in hermeticity and cracking, and coating the outer surface can mitigate the cracking issue.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Krat, A. Prishvitsyn, Yu. Gasparyan
Summary: This study proposes a probabilistic and diffusion-based model to describe the co-deposition of multiple hydrogen isotopes with slowly grown metal layers. The model calculates the relative concentrations of different hydrogen isotopes in the co-deposited metal layers. It is found that if hydrogen isotopes have different detrapping energies, only the isotope with the highest detrapping energy shows a monotonic decrease in concentration with deposition temperature. Furthermore, the study evaluates the uncertainty of tritium concentration in the co-deposited layer based on the uncertainty in detrapping energy of tritium and deuterium, predicting a >10% tritium concentration uncertainty for a 0.01 eV difference.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tijo Vazhappilly, Arup Kumar Pathak
Summary: This study investigates the effect of Ce atom substitution in UO2 on its thermophysical properties using density functional theory. The results show that the Ce substitution levels and the oxidation state of Ce/U atoms strongly influence the band structure and specific heat capacity of the UO2 lattice. These findings provide important insights into the fuel properties of UO2 under reactor conditions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2024)