Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xinli Hu, Yu Xu, Haojie Zhang, Yao Li, Xiangyang Wang, Cong Xu, Wenfei Ni, Kailiang Zhou
Summary: This review summarizes the role of necroptosis in central nervous system trauma and its therapeutic implications, providing important suggestions for researchers conducting in-depth research. The study focuses on the necroptosis signaling pathway, execution, temporal patterns of RIPKs in CNS trauma, association of miRNAs with necroptosis, and different types of CNS trauma cell death. It also highlights potential agents for curtailing necroptosis-related cell death in CNS trauma.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Xinli Hu, Yu Xu, Hui Xu, Chenqiang Jin, Haojie Zhang, Haohan Su, Yao Li, Kailiang Zhou, Wenfei Ni
Summary: Ferroptosis, a novel type of programmed cell death, has been found to be associated with acute central nervous system (CNS) trauma. The processes that induce ferroptosis include iron overload, imbalanced glutathione metabolism, and lipid peroxidation. Understanding the mechanism of ferroptosis is important for studying the pathophysiological process of CNS trauma.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suneel Kumar, Thomas Theis, Monica Tschang, Vini Nagaraj, Francois Berthiaume
Summary: Traumatic injuries to the nervous system, such as spinal cord injury and brain injury, can result in neurological dysfunction, causing patients to be bed-ridden and immobile for extended periods. Secondary complications like bladder/bowel dysfunction and pressure ulcers can lead to further debilitating conditions.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xue-Yan Zheng, Qian Yi, Xiao-Jun Xu, Rui-Lin Meng, Shu-Li Ma, Si-Li Tang, Hao-Feng Xu, Ying-Shan Xu, Yan-Jun Xu, Yi Yang
Summary: The study found that traumatic brain injury mortality remained relatively stable, while spinal cord injury mortality increased significantly from 2014 to 2018. Males, rural residents, and older individuals had higher adjusted mortality rate ratios for both TBI and SCI. Motor vehicle crashes and falls were the leading causes of TBI mortality, while falls were the most important external cause of SCI death across all ages.
Review
Physiology
Chun Yao, Xuemin Cao, Bin Yu
Summary: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to a series of complex pathological reactions, affecting the local microenvironment. Although endogenous angiogenesis is triggered, the new vessels often do not function normally. Many blood vessel interventions have been applied in SCI treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Lintao Xu, Jingyu Wang, Yueming Ding, Linlin Wang, Yong-Jian Zhu
Summary: Microglia undergo activation, proliferation, and changes in gene and protein expression and morphology after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), leading to both detrimental and beneficial effects. Understanding and regulating microglial activation status is crucial for reducing harmful effects, promoting repair, and developing effective therapies for SCI.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Anesthesiology
M. D. Wiles
Summary: This article aims to provide clinicians with a summary of recent studies on the airway management of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury. The study suggests that manual in-line stabilisation does not effectively immobilise the cervical spine and awake tracheal intubation techniques do not prevent secondary spinal cord injury. Videolaryngoscopy is identified as an appropriate alternative approach.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mubarak Algahtany, Steven McFaull, Ling Chen, Shudong Zhang, Olli Saarela, Feras Alqahtani, Michael D. Cusimano
Summary: The study found that the rate of traumatic spinal injury is increasing in Ontario due to shifts in demographics and etiology towards an older female population with falls as the primary mechanism of injury. Preventive measures must be established to address this shift.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
James Guest, Nilanjana Datta, George Jimsheleishvili, David R. Gater
Summary: The spinal cord serves as a communication conduit between the brain and the body, responsible for transmitting information and controlling various functions. Following a spinal cord injury, various complications can arise, including paralysis, pain, and autonomic dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fan Bie, Kaiyang Wang, Tao Xu, Jishan Yuan, Hua Ding, Bin Lv, Yuwen Liu, Min Lan
Summary: Studies have shown that circRNAs are highly expressed in the spinal cord and play key roles in various neurological disease processes. Recent research has emerged on the role of circRNAs in SCI, leading to continued relevant studies. The analysis of circRNAs in affecting the processes of SCI and their potential clinical value as therapeutic targets has been conducted.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Schepici, Serena Silvestro, Emanuela Mazzon
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that causes permanent motor and sensory deficits. Researchers have been studying potential therapeutic strategies to mitigate the neuro-inflammatory response following injury. Recent studies have shown that exosomes-derived MSCs (MSC-EXOs) have promising effects as an innovative therapy for SCI patients.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Li Deng, Jun Qiao Lv, Lin Sun
Summary: This study systematically analyzed the experimental treatments and their mechanisms for reducing blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) injury in the early stage of traumatic spinal cord injury (t-SCI). BMSC-Exos, which inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression, are currently the most effective therapeutic modality for alleviating BSCB damage. In addition, the regulation of MMPs, the Akt pathway, and the ER stress pathway play important roles in alleviating BSCB injury.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Perry Dhaliwal, Alwyn Gomez, Frederick Adam Zeiler
Summary: Acute traumatic spinal cord injury is commonly treated with surgical decompression and instrumentation of the spine. However, the evidence for these methods is limited. There is now interest in measuring spinal cord perfusion pressure through monitoring mean arterial pressure and intraspinal pressure. This study successfully used a strain gauge pressure transducer to measure intraspinal pressure and derive spinal cord perfusion pressure.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Damilola Jesuyajolu, Temitayo Ayantayo, Emmanuel Oyesiji, Sofia Bakare, Okere Madeleine, Olaniyan Adewale, Abdulahi Zubair, Jamike Ekennia-Ebeh, Eghosa Morgan
Summary: The incidence of traumatic spinal cord injury varies significantly across Africa, with higher rates compared to other regions. Urgent action is needed to address the main drivers of this condition.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ravindran Visagan, Florence R. A. Hogg, Mathew J. Gallagher, Siobhan Kearney, Argyro Zoumprouli, Marios C. Papadopoulos, Samira Saadoun
Summary: This study examines the feasibility of monitoring tissue oxygen tension in patients with acute, severe traumatic spinal cord injuries. The results show that tissue oxygen tension is influenced by various factors, including intraspinal pressure, spinal cord perfusion pressure, tissue glucose levels, lactate/pyruvate ratio, and fever. In patients with motor-incomplete injuries, fluctuations in tissue oxygen tension correlate with fluctuations in limb motor score.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stefania Galimberti, Francesca Graziano, Andrew I. R. Maas, Giulia Isernia, Fiona Lecky, Sonia Jain, Xiaoying Sun, Raquel C. Gardner, Sabrina R. Taylor, Amy J. Markowitz, Geoffrey Manley, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Giuseppe Bellelli, Giuseppe Citerio
Summary: Frailty is associated with outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury, and a frailty index has been developed to predict 6-month outcomes.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Peter Bragge, David J. Allison, Swati Mehta, Stacey Guy, Eldon Loh
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility of using a living guideline approach to update clinical practice guidelines, and found that the resource costs were acceptable. Reviewers unanimously agreed that adopting a living guidelines approach would be beneficial.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Isabel Rosalie Arianne Retel Helmrich, David van Klaveren, Nada Andelic, Hester Lingsma, Andrew Maas, David Menon, Suzanne Polinder, Cecilie Roe, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Ernest Van Veen, Lindsay Wilson
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between disability and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) following traumatic brain injury (TBI), while considering variation in personal, injury-related, and environmental factors.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thomas A. van Essen, Hester F. Lingsma, Dana Pisica, Ranjit D. Singh, Victor Volovici, Hugo F. den Boogert, Alexander Younsi, Lianne D. Peppel, Majanka H. Heijenbrok-Kal, Gerard M. Ribbers, Robert Walchenbach, David K. Menon, Peter Hutchinson, Bart Depreitere, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Andrew I. R. Maas, Godard C. W. de Ruiter, Wilco C. Peul
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of a strategy preferring acute surgical evacuation with initial conservative treatment in acute subdural haematoma, finding that treatment approaches varied depending on the treating center and no superiority of acute surgical evacuation was observed over conservative treatment.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Dashiell Gantner, D. Jamie Cooper, Simon Finfer, Peter Bragge
Summary: This study investigated the barriers and facilitators of evidence-based practices in the management of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). The findings suggest that local environment, social influences, professional factors, and emotional factors all play a role in clinicians' decision-making process. The results of this study can inform implementation efforts and improve outcomes for sTBI patients.
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michelle Gooey, Helen Skouteris, Juliana Betts, Kostas Hatzikiriakidis, Elizabeth Sturgiss, Heidi Bergmeier, Peter Bragge
Summary: Childhood obesity is a global issue and prevention is crucial. Healthcare providers, especially medical doctors, play an important role in preventing obesity. This systematic review evaluated clinical practice guidelines and highlighted the importance of family involvement and healthy lifestyle in preventing childhood obesity.
Article
Rehabilitation
Angie Andreoli, Andria Bianchi, Alexandra Campbell, Julie Bernhardt, Mark Bayley, Meiqi Guo
Summary: This paper proposes a shift in philosophy regarding falls, suggesting that falls should be seen as part of the recovery journey for some patients in rehabilitation. By collaborating with patients and acknowledging the risks, healthcare providers can support autonomous decision-making and facilitate a successful transition back home.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sue Peters, Shannon B. Lim, Mark T. Bayley, Krista Best, Louise A. Connell, Helene Corriveau, Sarah J. Donkers, Sean P. Dukelow, Tara D. Klassen, Marie-Helene Milot, Brodie M. Sakakibara, Lisa Sheehy, Hubert Wong, Jennifer Yao, Janice J. Eng
Summary: Clinical practice guidelines recommend structured, progressive protocols to improve walking after stroke. However, implementation is slow, highlighting the need for an implementation trial to enable the adoption of the protocol as standard care in stroke units.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
U. Gopaul, M. Charalambous, S. Thilarajah, L. K. Kwah, S. Chapman, M. Bayley, M. Demers
Summary: This scoping review aims to identify and compile information resources and evidence-based self-management programs for young people with stroke (YPwS), as well as identify gaps in age-specific resources available for YPwS after traditional rehabilitation services end or when they return to live in the community.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sabreena Moosa, Jennifer Voth, Mark Bayley, Tharshini Chandra, Evan Foster, Laura Langer, Paul Comper, Sarah Munce
Summary: The objective of this study was to identify factors and characteristics associated with changes in knowledge among adults receiving education in the first 8 weeks post-concussion. The study also aimed to understand preferences for education post-concussion from the perspective of patients and physicians. Results showed an increase in knowledge over time and highlighted the need for tailored education based on individual characteristics and additional training for healthcare providers.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Peter Bragge, Alex Waddell, Paul Kellner, Veronica Delafosse, Robert Marten, Anders Nordstrom, Sandro Demaio
Summary: Despite progress on the Millennium and Sustainable Development Goals, significant public health challenges remain. The Healthier Societies for Healthy Populations initiative aims to address these challenges by exploring successful government-led interventions. Qualitative interviews and literature analysis identified facilitators such as political leadership and public education, as well as barriers including industry opposition and poor coordination.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas A. van Essen, Inge A. M. van Erp, Hester F. Lingsma, Dana Pisica, John K. Yue, Ranjit D. Singh, Jeroen T. J. M. van Dijck, Victor Volovici, Alexander Younsi, Angelos Kolias, Lianne D. Peppel, Majanka Heijenbrok-Kal, Gerard M. Ribbers, David K. Menon, Peter J. A. Hutchinson, Geoffrey T. Manley, Bart Depreitere, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Andrew I. R. Maas, Godard C. W. de Ruiter, Wilco C. Peul
Summary: This study aimed to analyze current clinical practice patterns and compare outcomes of patients with traumatic acute subdural hematoma who underwent decompressive craniectomy or craniotomy. The findings showed substantial variation in the use of decompressive craniectomy, but this variation did not result in different functional outcomes.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Marina Zeldovich, Fabian Bockhop, Amra Covic, Isabelle Mueller, Suzanne Polinder, Ana Mikolic, Marjolein van der Vlegel, Nicole von Steinbuechel
Summary: This study examines the factorial validity and comparability of six language versions of the RPQ in the CENTER-TBI study. The results show that the translations of RPQ are largely comparable across languages and can be used in international research and clinical settings.
JOURNAL OF PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shannon L. MacDonald, Elizabeth Linkewich, Mark Bayley, Irene J. H. Jeong, Jiming Fang, Jamie L. Fleet
Summary: This study aimed to explore the association between rehabilitation intensity and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) change in stroke patients. The results showed a positive correlation between rehabilitation intensity and improvement in functional independence, but the incremental benefit diminished after reaching 95 minutes/day. Higher rehabilitation intensity was also associated with improvements in motor and cognitive function, rehabilitation effectiveness, 90-day home time, and discharge to preadmission setting.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Cecilia A. Akerlund, Anders Holst, Nino Stocchetti, Ewout W. Steyerberg, David K. Menon, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson
Summary: Using data-driven clustering analysis, we identified six stable clinical subtypes of traumatic brain injury with distinct neurological and systemic metabolic stress profiles, which were associated with outcomes.
